ࡱ>     HbjbjVV BP<<e1zz8 \et !(!!!"X#D#$$ Œ9V@""V@V@!!@KKKV@&!!KV@KKjM~!P^){T|E 2͆V0;dHddd1# - K4N:###K###V@V@V@V@d#########z : Restricted distribution IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.2 Agenda Item 4 Paris, 6 April 2011 English only INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Tenth Session of the IOC Intergovernmental Panel on Harmful Algal Blooms UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, 12-14 April 2011 INFORMATION ON HABP DEVELOPMENTS IN THE INTERSESSIONAL PERIOD Where reference in made to Information documents these can be found at  HYPERLINK "http://www.ioc-unesco.org/hab" www.ioc-unesco.org/hab under Documents, IPHAB-X TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT 1. Staffing 1.1 Staffing of the Programme Office 4 1.2 Science and Communication Centres 4 2. Regional groups and workshops 2.1 IOC Regional Work Group on Harmful Algae in South America 5 2.2 IOC Regional Work Group on Harmful Algae in the Caribbean 5 2.3 IOC/WESTPAC/HAB 5 2.4 IOC/HANA Regional Network for North Africa 5 EDUCATIONAL ELEMENTS 3. Information Network 3.1 Harmful Algae News 5 3.2 IOC HAB Internet Site 6 3.3 Harmful Algae Information System- HAIS 7 3.4 Co-sponsorship of conferences related to HAB 7 3.5 UNESCO monographs on oceanographic methodology 7 3.6 Provision of literature 7 4. Training 4.1 HAB Training Programme: implemented courses 9 4.2 HAB Training Programme: planned courses 10 SCIENTIFIC ELEMENTS 5. Oceanography and Ecology 5.1 ICES-IOC Working Group- WGHABD 10 5.2 IOC-SCOR GEOHAB 11 5.3 ICES-IOC-SCOR Working Group- WGGIB 11 5.4 ICES-IOC-IMO Working Group- WGBOSV 11 6. Taxonomy and Genetics 6.1 Task Team on Algal Taxonomy 12 7. Toxicology and Toxin Chemistry 7.1 Task Team on Aquatic Biotoxins 12 OPERATIONAL ELEMENTS 8. Monitoring 8.1 IOC-ICES HAB Monitoring database- MONDAT 13 8.2 HAB and the Global Ocean Observing System 13 8.3 HABWATCH Monograph 15 Appendice I An overview of contributions to the IOC for development and implementation of the Harmful Algal Bloom Programme 2007-2008. Budget 2009 Expected budget 2010-2011 Appendice II Implementation of IPHAB-VI Resolutions and Recommendations PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT 1. Staffing 1.1 Staffing of the Programme Office The IOC Secretariat has one staff assigned to the HAB Programme. H. Enevoldsen is located at the decentralized Programme Office at the IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae at University of Copenhagen (UCPH) , Denmark. The post for the HAB Programme is since June 2010 a permanent post. In the period 2008-2009 funded through extra-budgetary contributions and savings. Ms. Virginie Bonnet was the administrative Assistant for the HAB Programme until early 2011 where after support is provided by Ms. Christiane LeConan located at IOC Headquarters, Paris. 1.2 HAB Science and Communication Centres The establishment of HAB Programme activity centres was proposed at the Twenty-fifth Session of the IOC Executive Council (Paris 10-18 March 1992) and the idea was further elaborated at the First Session of IPHAB (23-25 June 1992). At the Seventeenth Session of the IOC Assembly (Paris, 25 February-11 March, 1993), Denmark and Spain offered to host and establish Science and Communication Centres on Harmful Algae. The main purpose of the Centres is to provide the framework for systematic assistance in training and capacity building to developing countries with respect to harmful algae. The IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae in Copenhagen, Denmark, opened in May 1995. The Centre is a decentralized programme Office for the IOC HAB Programme and as support office for GEOHAB (jointly with the SCOR secretariat) and is staffed by Mr. Henrik Enevoldsen, Head of Centre, and Associate Professor Dr. Jacob Larsen. The Centre is hosted by, and located at, the Department of Biology with Professor . Moestrup as the focal point at the UCPH. Activities are centred on capacity building in identification of harmful algae and associated services. As a follow-up to IPHAB-VI.3 the partnership in the Copenhagen Centre was expanded through formal memoranda of understanding with Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, the Research Institute Senckenberg, and the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany. The partnership is intended to provide the platform for implementation of training courses on qualitative and quantitative determination of algal toxins. The Centre operates on funds sought through UCPH and IOC and thus combines funds from IOC budget with project funds held at UCPH. There have in recent years been a period of uncertainty and lack of funding. The situations has now stabilised without the previous longstanding direct support from DANIDA. The most significant implication of this is lees opportunity for activities targeted at developing states. The IOC-IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae in Vigo, Spain, was established in October 1996, after a document of understanding was signed between IOC and IEO (Instituto Espaol de Oceanografa). The Centre is located at the Oceanographic Centre in Vigo. The Centre staff is the head, Mrs. Monica Lion, and one assistant, Mrs. Cristina Sexto. The Centre also draws on the scientific staff of the IEO in Vigo under the coordination of Dr. Beatriz Reguera. The Centre provides advice, and scientific and technical assistance on problems related with monitoring and management of harmful algae events, and the characterization of the microalgae and their toxins (taxonomy, toxin content, ecology). Priority is given to the cooperation with Iberoamerican and the Maghrebian research institutions. The Centre in particular assists with the implementation of training courses, the development of HAEDAT, the back-up for the regional networks HANA, ANCA and FANSA , and the production of Harmful Algae News. The Centre is sponsored by the IEO (through the IOC Trust Fund), and IOC. The Spanish Agency for International Cooperation(AECI) cosponsors the courses held at the Vigo Centre. The agreement and sponsorship was renewed in 2006 to continue the activities of the Centre until end of 2011. Spain committed during the XXIV Session of the IOC Assembly (June 2009), to continue the Centre in Vigo until 2016 The activities of the two Centres are coordinated and coupled as appropriate, and are intended to be as complementary as possible. Both Denmark and Spain have provided part of the resources for the Centres to the IOC Trust Fund. The IOC Assembly has expressed its wish to continue the Centres through Resolution XX.3. 2. Regional groups and workshops 2.1 IOC Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms in South America (COI-FANSA) The FANSA group have met in 1994 in Montevideo (Uruguay) and subsequently in Mar del Plata, Argentina (1995), Punta Arenas, Chile (1997), Rio Grande, Brazil (2000), Montevideo, Uruguay (2001), Guayaquil, Ecuador (2003), Lima, Peru (2006) Mar del Plata, Argentina (2008) and Chile (2011). See Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.7 2.2 IOC Working Group on Harmful Algal Blooms in the Caribbean (COI-ANCA) The main objective of ANCA is to improve the understanding of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Caribbean region and adjacent areas and the ability of national authorities to manage with the impacts. ANCA works to increase international cooperation, taking advantage of the existent knowledge in the region, to train researchers in countries where HABs knowledge is less advanced. To examine the advances of the group and to plan future activities, ANCA has organized workshops in Cuba 1998, Costa Rica 2002, Venezuela 2003 and Colombia 2007. See Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.22. 2.3 IOC/WESTPAC HAB IOC/WESTPAC-HAB is chaired by Chair Dr. Y. Fukuyo (Japan). See Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.5. PENDING Harmful Algae of North Africa: HANA , a regional network The First IOC/HANA Workshop was held in Casablanca, Morocco, 2007 and THE Second in Alexandria in 2010. See Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.8 EDUCATIONAL ELEMENTS INFORMATION NETWORK 3.1 HARMFUL ALGAE NEWS - an IOC newsletter on harmful algae and algal blooms; Issues Nos. 38-43 of Harmful Algae News have been published in the intersessional period. HAN is published whenever there is sufficient material for an issue. The number of subscribers has stabilized just around 2,000. HAN is produced by the IOC Centres in Vigo and Copenhagen. Subscriptions and back issues are available at  HYPERLINK "http://ioc-unesco.org/hab" http://ioc-unesco.org/hab HAN relies on the dedicated and longstanding efforts of the Editor, Dr. Timothy Wyatt, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Spain. A reader survey was planned for 2009 to assess if a majority of the readers maintain a preference for a printed version of HAN. However this has been delayed and will be carried out during 2011 3.2 IOC HAB Internet Site The sites are maintained by the IOC HAB Centre with technical back-up by the IOC IODE Programme Office in Oostende, Belgium. Both sites allow for multiple editors. The GEOHAB SSC has co-editors for the GEOHAB site and HANA has a web site editor for the HANA site. Of the regional groups WESTPAC/HAB has a portal for the South East Asia and FANSA during 2004-2005 established FANSA Portal at  HYPERLINK "http://www.algasnocivas.net/" www.algasnocivas.net/ . UNESCO is 2006-2007 funded the expansion of the Portal to cover the Caribbean. The expansion of the portal is developed as cooperation between the FANSA and ANCA groups. Since the 2009 the Portal server was not maintained by UNESCO. Silvia Mendez (FANSA, Uruguay) has drafted a structure for a content management site to replace the portal but it has not yet been implemented due to limited resources. 3.3 Harmful Algal Information System - HAIS IPHAB-VIII in 2007 through Resolution IPHAB-VIII.5 endorsed the development of an integrated Harmful Algal Information System (HAIS) in cooperation with the IOC International Ocean Data Information and Exchange Programme (IODE). Through Resolution IPHAB-IX.2 the Panel endorsed the Plan for HAIS as it was prepared by the Joint IPHAB/IODE Task Team on the Development of the Harmful Algal Information System. The HAIS will when fully established consist of access to information on harmful algal events, harmful algae monitoring and management systems worldwide, current use of taxonomic names of harmful algae, and information on biogeography of harmful algal species. Supplementary components are an expert directory and a bibliography. The expectation is that it will be a service to scientists, managers of regulatory monitoring programmes, and to policy administrators to access to high quality data on current taxonomic names of harmful algae, the biogeography of harmful species and occurrence of harmful algal events, together with details of monitoring and management systems worldwide, directories of experts, and bibliography on harmful algae. The HAIS System is being built by IPHAB and IODE in cooperation with  HYPERLINK "http://www.marinespecies.org/" \t "_blank" WoRMS,  HYPERLINK "http://www.ices.dk/" \t "_blank" ICES,  HYPERLINK "http://www.pices.int" PICES and  HYPERLINK "http://www.issha.org/" \t "_blank" ISSHA. The Joint IPHAB/IODE Task Team on the development of the Harmful Algal Information System oversees the development. The network and HAB related groups within IOC, ICES, PICES etc gives an unique position at a cross road of very diverse and multidisciplinary sets of data. HAIS comprises: HA Events with ICES, PICES et al (HAEDAT) Biogeography in OBIS with ISSHA (HABMAP) Taxonomy with WoRMS (IOC Taxonomic Reference List on Toxic Species which is the back bone of HAIS) References with ASFA and OceanDoc Expert Directory with IODE (OceanExpert - HABDIR) Monitoring and management design with ICES (MONDAT) During 2009-2010 the IPHAB Taxonomic Task Team met in October 2010 to update the IOC Taxonomic Reference List on Toxic Species in WoRMS. Action has been taken to have all ICES Countries update and complete submissions to HAEDAT before March 2011. HABMAP was re-launched jointly with OBIS at 14th Int Conference on HAB at Crete Nov 2010 (joint poster and Editors meeting) and the HAEDAT format has been customized to OBIS. A FP7 proposal entitled SpEcoSS (SPecies to ECOsystems using Semantic Standards) has been submitted with IOC HAB Centre as partner but was not approved for funding. A FP7 Initial Training Network Proposal has been submitted IOC UNECO as partner and will if approved provide a 2 year post doc full time to compile and analyze data for HAIS primarily but not exclusively from EU. The implementation of the projects will in 2011-2013 involve the staff at the IODE Project Office in Oostende. If the project is funded HAIS is expected to progress significantly. If not funded focus in 2012-2013 will be at ensuring continuous data submission to HAEDAT, stepwise establishment of HABMAP in OBIS and maintenance of the IOC Taxonomic Reference List on Toxic Species. This will require technical support from IODE PO staff at same level as during 2009-2010. IPHAB-IX requested that the regional networks and groups ANCA, FANSA, HANA and WESTPAC/HAB and their respective IOC sub-commissions and regional committees to include as a permanent Term of Reference the collation and submission of harmful algal event data to HAIS HAEDAT. ANCA has due to its reorganization not progressed on this. FANSA and HANA have included it and has started to progressively upload reports starting from 2000. WESTPAC/HAB has for the time being not included it in its ToR. The PICES HAB Section has committed itself to yearly submit HAEDAT reports and has taken action to complete data submission of all PICES countries starting from 2000. The Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) has been invited to participate in HAEDAT and has shown positive interest, but is for the time being establishing its own data system with a structure very similar to HAEDAT. The elements of HAIS currently available are located at  HYPERLINK "http://www.iode.org/haedat/" http://www.iode.org/haedat/. The HAIS Plan is available as document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.17 3.4 IOC co-sponsorship of International Conferences related to HAB The HAB Programme co-sponsored the 14th International Conference on Harmful Algae, Crete, Greece, 3-7 November 2010. A summary of the Conference is available in Harmful Algae News No. 42 at  HYPERLINK "http://www.ioc-unesco.org/hab" http://www.ioc-unesco.org/hab. Proceedings will be published as a publication of the International Society for the Study of Harmful algae (ISSHA). 3.5 IOC Manuals and Guides, no. 55: Microscopic and molecular methods for quantitative phytoplankton analysis A new manual on microscopic and molecular methods for quantitative phytoplankton analysis was published in 2010 in cooperation with ICES. The manual includes illustrated step by step instructions on how to carry out the methods. The editors are Karlson, B., Cusack, C. and Bresnan, E. The aim of the Manual is to provide a guide for phytoplankton analysis methods. A number of different methods are described and information about applicability, cost, training, equipment etc. is included to facilitate information on choosing the right method for a certain purpose. The method descriptions are more detailed than what is usually found in scientific articles to make the descriptions useful when setting up monitoring or research programmes that include inexperienced researchers. Some of the methods described are relatively old and well tested while a few must be considered to be emerging technology. The hope is that the Manual will supplement existing literature and that the free distribution of the Manual as hard copy or via the Internet will make it useful in environmental monitoring and for students, researchers and regulators. The production of the Manual was initiated during an international workshop at Kristineberg Marine Research Station in Sweden 2005 and the Participants in this Joint ICES/IOC Intercomparison Workshop on New and Classic Techniques for Estimation of Phytoplankton Abundance (WKNCT) agreed to write chapters of the Manual. A scientific paper describing the results of this workshop can be found in Godhe et al. (2007). 3.6 Provision of literature The provision of HAB related literature to scientist in developing countries has been taken care of by the IOC HAB Centres in Copenhagen, Vigo and through WESTPAC/HAB. As many of the titles list below are now available on-line via the IOC web site, the Centres have experienced a dramatic decline in the requests for hard copies. The book grants offered include the titles listed below. -GEOHAB: HABs in eutrophic systems. Glibert, P. (ed.). IOC and SCOR, Paris and Baltimore, 2006 -Manual on aquatic cyanobacteria. A photo guide and a synopsis of their toxicology. Cronberg, G. & Annadotter, H.. (Eds.), ISSHA and IOC of UNESCO, Copenhagen, 2006 -GEOHAB: GEOHAB Core Research Project: HABs in Upwelling Systems. Pitcher, G. et al. (eds.). SCOR and IOC, Baltimore and Paris, 2005 -Harmful Algal Management and Mitigation. Hall, S. et al, APEC, 2004 -Manual on Harmful Marine Microalgae, Hallegreaff, G. et al. (eds.), UNESCO Publishing 2003 and 2004 -Red tides. Okaichi, T. (eds.), Ocean Sciences Research (OSR). Terra Scientific Publishing Company & Kluwer Academic Publisher. Japan, 2003 -Molluscan Shellfish Safety, Villalba A. et al(eds.), Consellera de Pesca e Asuntos Martimos da Xunta de Galicia and IOC of UNESCO, 2003 -GEOHAB. Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms, Implementation Plan. P. Glibert and G. Pitcher (eds.) SCOR and IOC, 2003 -Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Harmful Algae Blooms, G. Hallegraeff et al. (eds.), UNESCO, 2002 -LIFEHAB Life history of microalgal species causing harmful blooms. Garcs, E. et al. (Eds.), Environment and Sustainable Development Programme, European Communities, 2002. -Floraciones Algales Nocivas en el Cono Sur Americano, E.A. Sar et al. (eds.), 2002. -Monitoring and Management Strategies for Harmful Algal Blooms in Coastal Waters, D. M. Anderson et a (eds.) , APEC Report # 201-MR-01.1, APEC Programme and IOC of UNESCO, Technical Series No. 59, Paris, France ,2001 -GEOHAB. Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms, Science Plan. P. Glibert and G. Pitcher (eds.) SCOR and IOC, 2001 -Potentially Harmful Microalgae of the Western Indian Ocean. A Guide based on a preliminary survey. IOC Manuals and Guides No. 41, IOC of UNESCO 2001. -Technical Guide for Modern Dinoflagellate Cyst Study, Matsuoka, K., and Fukuyo, Y. WESTPAC-HAB/WESTPAC-IOC, 2000 -Algae, Graham, L.E., Wilcox, L.W. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2000 -Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water, Chorus, I., and Bartram, J., WHO, 1999 -Los dinoflagelados del Atlntico Sudoccidental. Balech, E., Ministerio de Agricultura Pesca y Alimentacin, Madrid, 1998 -Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Toxic Phytoplankton, Yasumoto, T. et al. (eds.), IOC of UNESCO, 1996 -Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Harmful Algae, Reguera, B. et al. (eds.), Xunta de Galicia and IOC of UNESCO, 1998 -Biology, Epidemiology and Management of Pyrodinium Red Tides. Hallegraeff, G. M. et al. (eds.),. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 21,1989 -The Genus Alexandrium Halim, E. Balech, Sherkin Island Marine Station, Cork, Ireland, 1995 - Identifying Marine Phytoplankton, C. Tomas et al. (eds.), Academic Press, USA, 1997 -The Biology of Dinoflagellates, F.J.R. Taylor (ed.), Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987 -Physiological Ecology of Harmful Algal Blooms, D. Anderson et al. (eds.), NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag, Bermuda,1998 -Algal Toxins in Seafood and Drinking Water, I.Falconer (ed.), Academic Press, London,1993 -Phytoplankton Pigments in Oceanography, S.W. Jeffrey et al. (eds.), UNESCO Publishing, Paris, 1997 -Proceedings of the First International Congress on Toxic Cyanobacteria, . Moestrup et al. (eds.), 1996 TRAINING 4.1(. HAB Training and Capacity Building Programme The HAB Training and Capacity Enhancement Programme as adopted by IPHAB-VI is composed of 4 main modules on species identification, toxin chemistry and toxicology, design of monitoring, and management. See Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.9 for an overview of courses implemented between 1993 and 2011. A total of 1062 people were trained, 38 through individual training stays at the IOC-Sciences and Communication Centres and 1024 participating in the 79 courses organized all over the world. The gender ratio of all the trainees is: 41% males and 59% females. Courses and training implemented 2009-2011: 4.1.1. X IOC-AECID-IEO Training Course: Monitoring Programmes on Marine Biotoxins according to European Regulations. IOC - IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, IEO, Vigo, Spain. 9 25 September 2009. 4.1.2. IOC Training Course and Identification Qualification in Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, E-learning May-June, practical course and examination 11-21 August 2009 4.1.3. IAEA-IOC Regional Training Course on Taxonomy and Monitoring of Toxic Marine Microalgae. Mazatlan, Mexico, 26 October 6 November 2009 4.1.4. HAB training course in taxonomy and identification United Arab Emirates University at Al Ain, 14-18 March 2010. 4.1.5. XI Curso COI-AECID-IEO sobre Taxonoma de Fitoplancton Nocivo: Identification of Harmful Marine Microalgae. IOC - IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, IEO, Vigo, Spain. E-learning (April-May), Practical Course 2-18 June 2010. 4.1.6. IOC-SCOR GEOHAB Training Workshop on Benthic HABs, University of Hawaii, USA, 24-27 June 2010. 4.1.7. IOC Training Course and Identification Qualification in Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, E-learning May-June, practical course and examination 17-27 August 2010. 4.1.8. Baltic Sea Phytoplankton Identification Course 14-26 November 2010, Nordic Marine Academy. 4.1.9. XII Curso COI-AECID-IEO: Monitoring Programmes on Marine Biotoxins according to European regulations. IOC - IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, IEO, Vigo, Spain. 8-24 June 2011. 4.1.10. IOC Training Course and Identification Qualification in Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, E-learning May-June, practical course and examination 15-25 August 2011. 4.2 Planned courses: 4.2.1. XIII Curso COI-AECID-IEO sobre Taxonoma de Fitoplancton Nocivo: Identification of Harmful Marine Microalgae. IOC - IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, IEO, Vigo, Spain. E-learning (April-May), Practical Course June 2012. 4.2.2. IOC Training Course and Identification Qualification in Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, E-learning May-June, practical course and examination August 2012. 4.2.3. XIV Curso COI-AECID-IEO: Monitoring programmes on marine biotoxins according to European regulations. IOC - IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, IEO, Vigo, Spain. June 2013. 4.2.4. IOC Training Course and Identification Qualification in Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, E-learning May-June, practical course and examination August 2013. 4.2.5. IOC-AWI-BMU-BSH-DZMB-FSU Training Course on Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Algal Toxins, Germany 200?, pending available funding. 4.2.6. Advanced Phytoplankton Course 10, University of Copenhagen and Statione Zoologica A. Dohrn, Denmark, fall 2012. SCIENTIFIC ELEMENTS ECOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 5.1 ICES-IOC Working Group on the Dynamics of Harmful Algal Blooms- WGHABD The WGHABD (Chair: Dr Joe Silke, Ireland) met April 2009 in Huelva, Spain, April 2010 in Bermuda, and April 2011 in Gothenburg. The reports are available as Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.13 (1, 2 and 3). The main joint activities are HAEDAT and review of scientific issue relevant to GEOHAB. IPHAB can formulate tasks / terms of reference for WGHABD. 5.2 IOC-SCOR International Science Programme on the Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms - GEOHAB GEOHAB is a plan for co-ordinated scientific research and co-operation to develop international capabilities for assessment, prediction and mitigation. The approach of the GEOHAB Programme is comparative, from the cellular to the ecosystem level. GEOHAB fosters research that is interdisciplinary, focusing on the important interactions among biological, chemical, and physical processes. GEOHAB also fosters research that is multifaceted as the problems are complex and interactions and processes occur on a broad range of scales. Finally, GEOHAB research should be international in scope to encompass the global issues of HAB events. The efforts of the SCOR-IOC Working Group 97 on the Physiological Ecology of Harmful Algal Blooms, resulted in a NATO-SCOR-IOC Advanced Study Institute on the Physiological Ecology of Harmful Algal Blooms, which was held at the Bermuda Biological Station, 27 May-6 June 1996. The deliberations and recommendations of the WG 97, together with the work of the ICES-IOC Working Group on the Dynamics of Harmful Algal Blooms, provided the basis for formulation of Recommendation IPHAB-IV.2 which Recommendation IPHAB-IV.2 instructed the IOC to develop an international science programme on the Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms jointly with an appropriate organization. Partnership in the development of the new programme was agreed upon with the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR). The initial development of GEOHAB received support from IOC, SCOR, The Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation (Finland), US National Aeronautics and Space Administration, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US National Science Foundation, and IFREMER (France). For the composition of the Scientific Steering Committee and its ToR please see Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.10. GEOHAB actions fall into the two broad categories of research and framework activities. A detailed report on activities and outcome 2009-2011 is available in document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.11. GEOHAB Report No. 1: GEOHAB Science Plan GEOHAB Report No. 2: GEOHAB Implementation Plan GEOHAB Report No. 3: Core Research Project: HABs in Upwelling Systems GEOHAB Report No. 4: Core Research Project: HABs in Eutrophied Systems GEOHAB Report No. 5: Core Research Project: HABs in Stratified Systems, GEOHAB Report No. 6: GEOHAB Asia: A Regional Cooperative Programme GEOHAB Report No. 7: Core Research Project: HABs in Fjords and Coastal Embayments GEOHAB Report No. 8: GEOHAB Modelling, Linking Observations to Predictions 5.3 ICES/IOC/IMO Working Group on Ballast and Other Ship Vectors IPHAB-II requested the IPHAB Chair and the Programme Office to further investigate the possibilities and need for interaction with the activities of IMO and ICES. IPHAB-III adopted Recommendation IPHAB-III.3 on a Working Group on Transfer of Phytoplankton by Ballast of Ships. In response to this recommendation a Joint ICES-IOC-IMO Study Group on Ballast Water and Sediments was established. The ICES/IOC/IMO Study Group on Ballast Water and Sediments [SGBWS] was later been renamed the "ICES/IOC/IMO Study Group on Ballast and Other Ship Vectors [SGBOSV] and is now the ICES/IOC/IMO Working Group on Ballast and Other Ship Vectors (WGBOSV). WGBOSV met in 2010 in Hamburg, Germany, and in 2011 in Nantes, France, under the chairmanship of Dr. Tracy McCollin, Scottish Government | Marine Laboratory, t.mccollin@marlab.ac.uk WGBOSV reports are available at http://www.ices.dk/ and as Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.15(1). IPHAB-IX requested IOC and ICES to request the WGHABD, in collaboration with WGBOSV, to advice on whether (i) it is possible to identify species of phytoplankton, especially HAB species (and their characteristics) which are more likely to be successful as invasive species, and have significant potential ecological or economic impact; (ii) there are particular characteristics of coastal waters which favor the establishment of invasive phytoplankters. The request was addressed through a Workshop on harmful phyto-plankton that could potentially be trans-ported or introduced by ballast water (WKHABAL), held 14 - 15 October 2010, at ICES Headquarters, Copenhagen, Denmark. The report is available as Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.5(2) IPHAB-IX decided to review at IPHAB-X the achievement of the WG and advice on its future direction. TAXONOMY AND GENETICS 6.1 IPHAB TASK TEAM ON ALGAL TAXONOMY The Task Team was established through Resolution IPHAB-II.1. The Terms of Reference were updated by IPHAB-III, IV, VI, VIII, and IX. Chair is Prof. O. Moestrup. The Task Team meet in October 2010 to update the IOC Taxonomic Reference List on Toxic Species in WoRMS. The Progress Report will be submitted to IPHAB-X. TOXICOLOGY AND TOXIN CHEMISTRY 7.1 IPHAB TASK TEAM ON AQUATIC BIOTOXINS The Terms of reference for the Task Team are given in Resolution IPHAB-IX.1. Due to health problems the Chair of the Task Team, Phil Busby (New Zealand) have withdrawn from his position and this has implied that the Task Team has not been active in the inter-sessional period. However, the Chair did follow-up with the FAO Secretariat regarding the editing and publishing of the background papers to the Summary Report of the Joint FAO/IOC/WHO ad hoc Expert Consultation on Biotoxins in Bivalve Molluscs. FAO is now finalising a Fisheries Technical Paper entitled Assessment and management of biotoxin risks in bivalve molluscs. This is based on background papers prepared for the 2004 FAO/WHO/IOC expert consultation that were subsequently reviewed and updated. This is expected to be released during 2011. More details on FAO activities in the area of shellfish safety and biotoxins can be found in Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.19. OPERATIONAL ELEMENTS MONITORING 8.1 IOC-ICES META DATA BASE ON DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF HAB MONITORING PROGRAMMES: MON-DAT The MON-DAT metadatabase contains information on the design and implementation of harmful algae monitoring and management systems from all over the world. MON-DAT include data from countries that have responded to the questionnaire circulated by the Secretariat. The initial compilation of information was carried out within the ICESIOC Working Group on the Dynamics of Harmful Algal Blooms, and the establishment of the data-base was made possible through the financial support of the Danish agency for development assistance, DANIDA. The first survey for information on HAB monitoring was made in 1995/96 and a summary of the result was published as IOC Technical Report No. 44. The base was updated in 2000/01. MON-DAT was planned to have been updated in 2005 but resources did not allow. Update of MON-DAT is postponed until it has been integrated into a new Harmful Algal Event Information System which is a new data base platform initially holding the data of HAE-DAT (see item as to have one comprehensive data source for information on harmful algal events, geographical distribution and descriptions of the monitoring systems that generate the event data. MON-DAT is unavailable on-line until its integration in to the Harmful Algal Event Information System. 8.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF HAB MONITORING WITHIN THE GLOBAL OCEAN OBSERVING SYSTEM (GOOS) IPHAB-IX decided to continue the IPHAB Task Team on HAB Observations and Forecasting Systems with terms of reference to: act as the focal and coordination point of the IPHAB regarding interaction with GOOS, in particular with the Panel for Integrated Coastal Observations (PICO); together with PICO suggest HAB-related products from automated observation and forecasting systems in selected GOOS Regional Alliances (GRAs) and if possible make these available through the IOC-HAB Programme web site; keep informed, and solicit input from, the regional IOC HAB networks in relation to development within GOOS and its GRAs of HAB observation, forecasting and warning systems; A progress report is available as Document IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.14. PENDING APPENDICE I. RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO THE IOC FOR DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE IOC HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM PROGRAMME This is not an actual account (for this see documentation provided for the IOC Assembly 2009 and 2011) the equivalent document which will be available for the IOC Assembly June 2011). 2009-2010 IOC-UNESCO REGULAR PROGRAMME IOC HAB Programme Regular Budget 2009-2010 1 IOC Staff US Dollars 58.100 -EXTRA-BUDGETARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE IOC: Spain: -Spanish Institute of Oceanography: Support for the IOC Science and Communication Centre at the Oceanographic Centre in Vigo, Spain 2009-2010 USA (SD and NOAA): Contribution 2009/10 for implementation of GEOHAB, M&G55, HAIS and NEWS2USE):  81.000 20.000SPONSORSHIP OF ACTIVITIES AND FUNDS ADMINISTERED AT THE SCIENCE AND COMMUNICATION CENTRES: Denmark: -DANIDA: Training through research -University of Copenhagen: IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, staff, operation and activities: Spain: -Spanish Institute of Oceanography: IOC-IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, Vigo, 2 staff, operation and activities: -AECID (Spanish Agency for International Cooperation & Development), Scholarships for participants in training activities at Vigo Centre 2009: -AECID (Spanish Agency for International Cooperation & Development), Scholarships for participants in training activities at Vigo Centre 2010:  25.000 125.000 291.000 37.000 49.100  Budget 2011 IOC-UNESCO REGULAR PROGRAMME IOC HAB Programme Regular Budget IOC Staff funded as permanent staffUS Dollars 33.100 EXTRA-BUDGETARY CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE IOC: Spain: -Spanish Institute of Oceanography: Support for the IOC Science and Communication Centre at the Oceanographic Centre in Vigo, Spain  42.600 SPONSORSHIP OF ACTIVITIES AND FUNDS ADMINISTERED AT THE SCIENCE AND COMMUNICATION CENTRES: Denmark: -DANIDA: Training through research University of Copenhagen: IOC Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, staff, operation and activities: Spain: -Spanish Institute of Oceanography: IOC-IEO Science and Communication Centre on Harmful Algae, Vigo, 2 staff, operation and activities: -AECID (Spanish Agency for International Cooperation & Development), Scholarships for participants in training activities at Vigo Centre:  10.000 65.000 153.000 39.800  GEOHAB Funds 2010-2011 Income20102011Carry-over from previous year $26.493,21 $28.306,33 US NSF (through SCOR)$49.645,34$40.000,00GEOHAB Modelling Workshop Registration Fees$8.683,00IOC$20.000,00$20.000,00SCOR Support for LDC Travel$2.101,08 US NOAA Funding for Eutrophication CRP (through IOC)$9.600,00 Total$116.522,63$88.306,33 Appendice II: IMPLEMENTATION OF IPHAB-IX RESOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS CodeTitleImplementationResolution IPHAB-IX.1 Task Team on Algal TaxonomyTask Team on Biotoxin Monitoring, Management and RegulationsToR (i) and (ii) implemented, (iii) not feasible due to withdrawal of Chair, (iv) not implementedResolution IPHAB-IX.2 Task Team on Biotoxin RegulationDevelopment of the Harmful Algal Information SystemToR 8i) implemented, (ii) partly, (iii) not implemented.Resolution IPHAB-IX.3 IOC HAB Training and Capacity Building ProgrammeTask Team on Algal TaxonomyImplementedResolution IPHAB-IX.4 IPHAB operation regarding GEOHABTask Team on HAB Monitoring within the Global Ocean Observing SystemPending report of the TT Chair.Resolution IPHAB-IX.5 Regional HABP DevelopmentRegional HABP DevelopmentPartly implemented. 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