ࡱ> fhe'` X*bjbjLULU 1D.?.?G"  &B ND8H<$-X[-]-]-]-]-]-]-$40h2- -T-$$$[-$[-$$+c, Q"$+?--0-,^43#|43,c,430c,xz$--_$d-Dbv  Restricted distribution IOC/IPHAB-X/Inf.5 Agenda Item 4 Paris, 14April 2011 English only INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Tenth Session of the IOC Intergovernmental Panel on Harmful Algal Blooms UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, 12-14 April 2011 Report of IOC/WESTPAC HAB activities in 2009-2011 WESTPAC-HAB was established in 1991 at the First Session of WESTPAC, IOC Sub-Commission for the Western Pacific, assigning Dr. Tomotoshi Okaichi as the Project Leader. In 1993 at its Second Session WESTPAC-HAB proposed to develop HAB research capacity in the WESTPAC region, especially in Southeast Asia where utilization of coastal area was intensively and extensively progressed and consequent occurrence of HAB was highly worried, having Yasuwo Fukuyo as the new leader. After then WESTPAC-HAB has been conducting international and local training courses, workshops and seminars, and providing several types of reference materials such as CDs and booklets on harmful microalgae and HAB events with the objectives: 1. To understand the biological and chemical nature, population dynamics and environmental effects of harmful algae and their bioactive products 2. Prevent ill consequences caused by HABs, through providing scientific knowledge useful for establishment of reliable cost- and load-effective management systems including monitoring and research At WESTPAC 8th Session held in Bali, Indonesia in May 2010, WESTPAC-HAB proposed its main activity as the development of human capacity to study on HAB and to manage HAB problems which has multidisciplinary nature. The Session supported the continuation of HAB project. The advisory Group of the WESTPAC asked the HAB Project to work as the regional component of Global Program and also develop region specific activities. Project leader was asked to coordinate both activities from global program (GEOHAB Asia research, information dissemination etc.) and from regional HAB project (training course, workshop etc.) for the benefit of scientists in the region. Cooperation with other international organization implementing various HAB related activities in the region such as PICES HAB Session and NOWPAP HAB working group was also strongly recommended. An international training course was held at the University of Malaysia Sarawak in Kuching, Malaysia on 20-23 March 2011 on taxonomy of toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. Dr. Lim Po Teen and Y. Fukuyo organized the course using financial support from the University of Tokyo, Japan and University of Malaysia Sarawak. Eight trainees from abroad (China, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam) and more than 10 local trainees were attended for lectures and laboratory practice guided by four lecturers, Dr. Nina Lundholm of Denmark, Dr. Dao Viet Ha of Vietnam, Lim and Fukuyo. A strategic workshop of WESTPAC HAB was held in Busan, Korea on 29-30 March 2011 during the 8th WESTPAC Scientific Symposium. More than 50 participants attended the workshop to discuss on future possible structure and activities of HAB, considering the situation that HAB events in WESTPAC regions become changing in terms of variety of problems (ASP and ciguatera in addition to PSP and DSP), expansion of affected area (Cochlodinium to southeast Asia) maybe by the environmental change (eutrophication, tsunami etc.). So important issue is whether we will keep current one WESTPAC-HAB or establish multiple HAB related projects. Several participants presented important topics potentially to be established as new projects as follows: 1. Cyst Mapping by Ms. Elsa Furio ( Philippines) A brief review of the concluded regional project on cyst mapping (WESTPAC-TTR project Cyst Mapping) was presented and a proposal for mitigating blooms of cyst forming HABs was presented 2. Green Noctiluca vs. Eutrophication by Dr. Ken Furuya (Japan) Expansion of blooming areas of Green Noctiluca with green symbionts has been observed with association of eutrophication in Asia. Construction of a regional/ global database was proposed. 3. Pseudo-nitzschia by Dr. Lim Po Teen (Malaysia) Networking is proposed, because most data to date comes from temperate countries. Region-wide database with accurate identification of species is urgently necessary to mitigate potential harm from toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloomings in the region. Establishment of mechanisms to assist species identification is important. For this purpose, Training course on taxonomy was recently held at University of Malaysia Sarawak. 4. Choclodinium by Dr. Kazumi Matsuoka ( Japan) Blooms by Cochlodinium blooms in Asia occurred mostly in Japan and Korea before, but recently they expands to Southeast Asian countries. Critical species identification using genetic, morphological and ecophysiological characters were presented on studies made in several countries. 5. Benthic Dinoflagellates by Dr. Takuo Omura and Fukuyo (Japan) Ciguatera fish poisoning occurred several times in main land Japan and causative benthic dinoflagellates were found in wide area. Some strains from the main land show tolerance to lower temperature than those collected from tropical areas. Regional project on taxonomy and ecophysiological study of toxic benthic organisms was proposed 6. 3D numerical model on HAB occurrence by Dr. Buui Hong Long & Tran Van Chung ( Vietnam) Physical characters of South China Sea were analyzed and 3D numerical model was proposed to use for prediction of HAB occurrence. In addition to them, Fukuyo explained the procedure for establishment of a new project in WESTPAC. It include steps to communicate national IOC focal points to get endorsement, to propose to WESTPAC Secretariat, to be reviewed by WESTPAC advisory group, and to be adopted at WESTPAC Session. Dr. Gires Usup (Malaysia) explained GEOHAB Asia Scientific Plan which was a result of two earlier conference. He gave explanation of mission and specific objectives of GEOHAB. He mentioned that major difference between GEOHAB and WESTPC existed in big input of individual member states and GEOHAB can help with framework activities (meetings, training, access to expertise etc.). He further mentioned that the ultimate goal is modelling and prediction, and regional/National programmes can be endorsed as GEOHAB programmes. Information on a workshop on benthic HABs in Malaysia to be held in late 2011, IAEA-driven co-organized workshop by GEOHAB Asia on sodium channel toxins will be also held in 2011, another workshop on Phaeocystis is planned in 2012, and a training course on taxonomy of benthic dinoflagellate to be held in Nha Trang, Vietnam were introduced. Dr. Rhodora Azanza (Philippines) presented the Philippine Habs Program (Phil Habs) funded by the countrys Department of Science and Technology ( DOST) which is on the ecology and oceanography of HABs in 8 selected sites/ ecosystems nationwide. The PhilHABs progam has been recently recognised as a national program of GEOHAB. She said that In the Philippines, HABs situation should be managed based on science like in the aspects of: Site selection, Monitoring of culture/ harvest, and HAB management responses. The program consist of thematic projects including the 1. Biodiversity/genetic diversity,2.Proj 2 HAB microbial Community 3.eutrophication and algal blooms 4. Sediment/ cyst studies5. Toxicology 6. Nutrient in puts into the study areas 7. Physical oceanography and modelling and 8. Mitigation strategies. Dr. Kim Hak Gyoon (Korea), the Chairman of the HAB 2012 Conference in Changwon, explained the plan of the conference and invited all participants to attend it. After having these presentation and extensive discussion, participants agreed to continue its present activities and initiate other new projects on HAB related issues, and seek support from all member states. Fukuyo requested all participants to create clear idea of new projects and contact IOC national focal points for establishment. At Busan Fukuyo explained a new activity of WESTPAC-HAB using JFiT for UNESCo. The activity is creation of ouitreach materials such as poster, flyer and boklet for public, especially school children and fishermen. Participants agreed on its importance and expressed their concern to publish the materials in local languages. Fukuyo asked them to send photographs, figures and data useful for publication, and proposed to make draft version in this year to send some participants for review and revision. 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