ࡱ> a jbjb,, 7pNNQJJJ:,  www8x $y kz}}(}}#n$,Rk| #r r }};4Vr 8} }   r r   $z b|wL$/<k($ YeD eThe ocean observing system 2007: National contributions and intended future commitments by UK This report has been compiled by: Trevor Guymer IACMST/National Oceanography Centre Southampton, SO45 3GB  HYPERLINK "mailto:thg@noc.soton.ac.uk" thg@noc.soton.ac.uk 02380 596789 with additional input from: Jon Turton, Mark Charlesworth, Matt Martin, John Siddorn, Ralph Rayner. Observations Open-ocean/global observing networks In situ observations defined in the GCOS IP The JCOMM Observations Programme Area coordinator regularly  HYPERLINK "http://www.oco.noaa.gov/index.jsp?show_page=page_country_contributions.jsp&nav=observing" compiles information about national contributions to the following networks defined in the GCOS IP. For 2005 and 2006, report only on discrepancies from this compilation (note in columns below). Please indicate intended future commitments to these networks in the 2007 and 2008+ columns. In situ observing elementnational contributioninternational total200520062007 plans2008+ plansOct 2006goalDBCPSurface drifting buoys11561250with barometer5(5)5(0)10(10)10(5)317600Sea ice buoys (IABP, IPAB)536(6) 12(6)24Global tropical moored buoy network77119Coastal moorings8877109Ocean SITESGlobal reference mooring network1111629Total time series sites including above11112858GLOSSstations committed to GLOSS771010206290GLOSS real-time reporting stations368981170GLOSS geolocated stations344469170SOTHigh-density XBT lines occupied00002264Frequently-repeated XBT lines occupied00001725VOS AWS ships261824140VOSClim ships52617080113200Other manual selected VOS386344320300ASAP ships111127ASAP sondes deployed378~400~400~4005319IOCCPCarbon survey (hydrographic lines completed since 2001) 20121631Underway measurements (VOS lines)29Argoprofiling floats8687100(47)70(15)25103000in the case of platforms with a fixed lifetime: for the past report on number of nationally-maintained operating platforms at the end of the year; and for the future an estimate of operating platforms based on national planned deployments and expected lifetime (with planned yearly deployments in parenthesis). Optional detail on the numbers reported above: Surface drifting buoys. These figures do not include buoys deployed through the European EUCOS Surface Marine Programme (E-Surfmar) to which the UK Met Office contributes financially. Relevant figures for E-Surfmar were by the end of 2006, 68 drifting buoys, reporting air pressure or wind at least onto the GTS in the EUCOS area (including 2 in the Mediterranean Sea). Out of these, 25 were upgraded NOAA Global Drifter Programme buoys (for which E-SURFMAR only paid for the barometer upgrade). In addition, 3 buoys were only reporting SST. Figures include 2 IcexAir buoys deployed in August. Plus a further 2 drifters which have left the EUCOS area of interest. Sea-ice buoys. Older (GreenIce) buoys were deployed by SAMS. New buoys to be deployed by SAMS within the EU Damocles project. These will carry micro-tiltmeters to observe spectra of impulse events and ocean swell waves propagating through the pack as a proxy for area-averaged ice thickness, none with barometers. Moored buoys. Although described above as coastal moorings these are offshore deep-ocean buoys rather than inshore buoys (which are covered under section 1.2). Includes 2 buoys (Brittany, Gascogne) maintained jointly with Meteo-France. SOT. The table should include manual selected ships which are the backbone of the VOS internationally and provide the long-term climate record. ASAP. One UK ASAP system (on the Mississauga Express) is owned by the Met Office. However the system is managerially and operationally integrated into the Eumetnet ASAP (E-ASAP) programme. Figures for the UK system are given above. Deutsche Wetterdienst manage E-ASAP and should provide appropriate information for the entire E-ASAP fleet. Hydrographic sections. Although the table above includes high density XBT lines occupied, it does not include hydrographic sections occupied. UK occupies the Extended Ellett Line (Scotland to Iceland) and the Drake Passage section. Each are occupied on an annual basis. Also FRS occupy various lines (e.g. Faroes-Shetland) to the north of Scotland, typically 3 times/year. Other open-ocean/global sustained observing networks Please list other open-ocean/global sustained observing networks, including observations for tsunami warning, research observations, and including other networks previously noted and approved as contributions to global GOOS by the GSSC. Include URLs for real-time data streams if appropriate, and note future plans. Continuous Plankton Recorder. During 2006, twenty-one ships logged 123,614 nautical miles on 27 routes worldwide. By the end of the year, 5,355,741 nautical miles had been towed by 278 ships since the start of the Survey. Following trials in the Antarctic in 2006, SAHFOS is developing a survey in the Southern Ocean in conjunction with the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). Similarly the survey in the Pacific has expanded in 2006 with tows regularly made over 3500 nautical miles between Vancouver and Japan. Such tows are the longest ever achieved by the CPR Survey. Plans for the future include developing routes into the Arctic and developing a programme of instrumenting all CPR's for the routine measurements of key environmental variables. Research and development supporting open-ocean observations Please describe national activities aimed at improving the techniques and methods used in the open-ocean observing networks. Moored buoys. Spectral wave capability expected to be added to 1 moored buoy (K5) in 2007 with a further 2 systems in 2008. Replacement wind systems and iridium communications to be implemented across the network in 2007 and 2008. New electronics/control systems to be tested in 2007 and proposed to be implemented across the network in 2008 and 2009. These new systems are intended to improve reliability (lifetime), extend servicing intervals and reduce system down-time. Satellite observations Requirements for satellite observations for the global and coastal modules of GOOS are provided in the GCOS IP and the Implementation Strategy for the coastal module of GOOS. CEOS maintains a  HYPERLINK "http://www.eohandbook.com/eohb05/ceos/part3_2.html" compilation by variable of current and planned satellite missions. Please note any change or omissions in national plans from the CEOS compilation: None CEOS has also prepared a  HYPERLINK "http://www.ceos.org/CEOS Response to the GCOS IP.pdf" plan of actions responding to the UNFCCC (section 3.2 covers ocean satellites) based on GCOS IP requirements. Please describe national contributions and commitments to the actions in this plan: UK contribution is via its national participation in ESA and EUMETSAT programmes. It would make sense (and provide more consistent data) to obtain the information from ESA and EUMETSAT for all EU member states. It is important to identify the major impediments to progress (e.g. fiscal restraints, government awareness, etc.) for the ocean observing system. Please provide information on national impediments to progress in the sustained global ocean observing networks. Lack of cross-departmental mechanism to fund sustained marine observations and to make the transition from R&D funded measurement programmes to operational monitoring. Without such a mechanism, reliance will have to be placed on the present ad hoc arrangements with its inherent lack of assurance of continuity and wastage of effort in continual renegotiation with funders. Coastal observations Please list routine observational programmes that measure variables considered important to meeting regional or national priorities for data and information, including but not exclusive to the common variables of the proposed global coastal network under the coastal module of GOOS. If possible, include information on future plans and a simple description of how data is made available (GTS, data center, web, etc.). It is useful to note programmes taking place through a GRA, and those taken at the national level. Specify the responsible institution(s). 2 in-shore moored buoys (Aberporth and Turbot Bank) not included in section 1.1, these are currently operated by the Met Office in support of commercial users (who fund their operation). The moored buoy systems are also installed on fixed light vessels operating in the English Channel. It is expected that 4 of these systems will continue to be operated through 2007 and 2008. (There are currently 5 systems but one (F5) is a planned replacement for Sandettie light vessel which is expected to be withdrawn.) Rigs and platforms. Meteorological observations are also provided from a number offshore rigs and platforms (mainly in the North Sea) operated by the offshore industry. A further 16 platforms have AWS systems installed (by the operators) for which data are provided to GTS through the Met Office. The Shell Metnet comprises 21 platforms in the North Sea equipped with AWS, a number of which report data to the GTS through the Met Office. The UK contributes to the Ferrybox project by instrumenting the Pride of Bilbao on the route from Portsmouth, UK to Bilbao, Spain. The measurements include sea surface temperature, salinity, and fluorescence. In addition the UK makes measurements to meet monitoring requirements in the following topic areas: Monitoring and Assessment ComponentResponsible institution LitterMCSBathing Waters/Shellfish Hygiene CEFAS, AFBI, FRS/EA, SEPA, EHS, FSANoise Various institutes see IACMST report on Underwater Sound and Marine Life (2006).Pollution EA, SEPA, EHSNutrients Defra, SAMS, CEFAS, NOC, AFBI, FRS and regulatory authorities.Physical Damage (Windfarms/Dredging) EA, SEPA, EHS, CCW, JNCC, SNH, NESeabirds JNCC and NGOs.Plankton SAHFOS (CPR), FSA EA, SEPA, EHS (for WFD)General Health of Marine Mammals (including By-catch) SMRU, JNCC.Biodiversity Status.JNCC, CCW, NE, SNH, EHS. Health of benthos (biology)CEFAS, AFBI, FRS.Permanent Stations / lines for Climate Change Studies MECN and Oceans 2025 plus coastal observatories.CO2 budget and acidification Defra.Waves/Met Ocean and storm surges MO, POL (2d aspects drifting buoys and sea level)., CEFASSeabed Mapping (Habitat Types, Geology & Bathymetry) UKHO, BGS, CEFAS, AFBI, CCWCommercial Fisheries Defra and SEERAD. Acronyms: AFBI - Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute BGS - British Geological Survey CCW - Countryside Council for Wales CEFAS - Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science Defra - Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs EA Environment Agency EHS - Environment and Heritage Service (Northern Ireland) FRS - Fisheries Research Services FSA - Food Standards Agency IACMST Inter-Agency Committee for Marine Science and Technology JNCC - Joint Nature Conservation Committee MECN - Marine Environmental Change Network MCS Marine Conservation Society MO Met Office NOC National Oceanography Centre, Southampton. POL - Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory SAHFOS - Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science SAMS - Scottish Association for Marine Science SEERAD - Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department SEPA - Scottish Environment Protection Agency SMRU - Sea Mammal Research Unit SNH - Scottish Natural Heritage UKHO UK Hydrographic Office The data are made available through the overall marine data stewardship initiatives of the Marine Data and Information Partnership (MDIP) and the Marine Environmental Data Action Group (MEDAG), see  HYPERLINK "http://www.oceannet.org" www.oceannet.org. Resolving the issues of data management is essential for the success of the UK Marine Monitoring and Assessment Strategy (UKMMAS). The overall work is undertaken by a large number of agencies and government departments which are now working together through the UKMMAS with the idea of collect once, use many times. There are many new demands and ongoing commitments which should have regular sampling programmes. These include the biological aspects of OSPAR, the need to map our sea floor, etc. The issue is with securing long term funding. Please describe any regional or national observations of harmful algae occurrences, harmful algal events, or algal blooms, including specifics and future plans if appropriate. Specify the responsible institution(s). Monitoring programmeData collected byData collected forShellfish algal biotoxin monitoringAgri-Food and Biosciences Unit (AFBI) Food Standards Agency (FSA) - Northern IrelandShellfish algal biotoxin monitoring Agri-Food and Biosciences Unit (AFBI)Food Standards Agency (FSA) - Northern IrelandToxic Phytoplankton The Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science (Cefas)Food Standards Agency (FSA) - England &WalesShellfish algal biotoxin monitoring Fisheries Research Services (FRS)Food Standards Agency (FSA) ScotlandShellfish algal biotoxin monitoring Cefas and Integrin Advanced Biosystems LtdFood Standards Agency (FSA) Scotland EO observations using empirical models within NERC are being developed in conjunction with modelling in NCOF to provide inputs to EA monitoring within the South West Algal Pilot Project. It is important to identify the major impediments to progress (e.g. fiscal restraints, government awareness, etc.) for the ocean observing system. Please provide information on national impediments to progress in the sustained coastal ocean observing networks. Marine monitoring in the UK is performed by a large number of government departments and agencies which makes the coordination of the overall programme a demanding task. The UK Marine Monitoring and Assessment Strategy was recently set up to improve the coordination of these monitoring programmes and to provide efficiencies through the idea of collect once, use many times. The issue of ensuring sustainability of funding is similar to that for open ocean. In times of budgetary restraint, however, it may be assumed that coastal measurements will have higher priority because of the need to meet mandatory requirements at national and EU level. Data management For open-ocean/global observations Real-time data streams For the observations reported in Section 1.1, please describe the national contribution to real-time acquisition, quality-control, archival and dissemination for each of the global observing networks, including URLs if appropriate. Specify the institution(s) responsible. DBCP Data from Met Office drifting buoys (and those deployed through the EUMETNET Surface Marine programme) are all available in real-time via the GTS. The data are also archived by the Met Office and are available in the ICOADS (International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set) maintained by NOAA. In accordance with the NERC data policy long term archival of sea-ice buoy data collected by Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS) should be carried out by BODC and made available through the BODC website and requests officer. Data from the SAMS drifters are also generally made available in real-time via GTS Data derived from the Met Office MAWS network (described as coastal moorings in section 1.1) is made available in real-time via the GTS and displayed at  HYPERLINK "http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ocean/goos/maws_pic.html" http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ocean/goos/maws_pic.html, the data can also be accessed via the wavenet web-site ( HYPERLINK "http://www.cefas.co.uk/wavenet/" http://www.cefas.co.uk/wavenet/). The data are also archived by the Met Office and are available in the NOAA ICOADS. OceanSITES The single mooring operated by the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton as part of the Atlantic Network of Interdisciplinary Moorings and Time-series for Europe (ANIMATE). Data is available in real;-time and delayed mode via the ANIMATE website at  HYPERLINK "http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/animate/data/data.php" http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/animate/data/data.php GLOSS The British Oceanographic Data Centre conducts end-to end data management for 3 of the GLOSS stations and delayed mode archival for the remainder. Data is disseminated via the PSMSL, BODC and University of Hawaii web pages. Further details can be obtained at http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/international_sea_level/. BODC also created and maintains the GLOSS website http://www.gloss-sealevel.org/. SOT VOS data is submitted to the GTS and is made available in delayed mode through the NOAA ICOADS IOCCP The extended Ellett Line and the Drakes Passage and Atlantic Meridional Transect are operated by Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and The National Oceanography Centre, Southampton respectively. As organizations which operate under the Natural Environmental Research Council the data from these surveys will become available via BODC website and requests officer. Data taken by SAHFOS as part of the Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey is available in delayed mode at the SAHFOS website: http://192.171.163.165/data.htm Argo BODC provides real time and delayed mode data management of UK Argo floats. Real time data are automatically quality controlled and provided to the global data centres (GDACs), Coriolis and USGodae, and made available from the GTS, within 24 hours. Data in real time are then visually controlled and corrected files are sent to the GDACs (replacing the files provided within 24h). Delayed mode data are quality controlled and made available through the GDACs. Further information may be seen at http://www.bodc.ac.uk/projects/international/argo/. Satellite observations The NERC Earth Observation Data Acquisition and Analysis Service (NEODAAS) supports UK research scientists with remote sensing data and information. It has the capability to automatically receive, archive, process and map global data from multiple sensors in near-real time, including MERIS, MODIS, SeaWiFS, AVHRR and CASI, allowing the support of global studies. This service is hosted at two sites: data reception, acquisition and archiving is provided by the Dundee Satellite Receiving Station (DSRS) team at the University of Dundee; and data processing is provided by the Remote Sensing Data Analysis Service (RSDAS) at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory. Further information is available at http://www.neodaas.ac.uk Other open-ocean sustained observations reported in Section 1.1 Delayed-mode archives Are data from the global observations above collected by a national center being transferred to the ICSU World Data Centers for oceanography (WDC)? If so, please note which one, and with what frequency the data are transferred to the WDC. Data collected by UK organizations which are held by BODC are transferred to WDC Silver Springs on an approximately yearly basis as part of a cross government activity under the UK Marine Environmental Data Action Group. Are any of the global observing networks archiving data elsewhere? If so, where? UK data under GOOS is archived as described above Please list any data archeology or data reprocessing activities for open-ocean/global reanalysis: A data archaeology project has been undertaken under GLOSS see  HYPERLINK "http://www.gloss-sealevel.org/data/" http://www.gloss-sealevel.org/data/ for further details. Work is required to digitize the historical collections of ship data (logbooks) in the UK National Archive (Kew). Funding is required (and is included within a climate-related CSR bid) to image the ships logbooks. The US Climate Data Modernization Programme would then digitize the copies of the logbooks. Partnerships What are your national plans to make the data streams and archives reported on in this section compatible with the WMO Information System (WIS)? All data currently provided to the GTS will be available via the WIS. It is important to identify the major impediments to progress (e.g. fiscal restraints, government awareness, etc.) for the ocean observing system. Please provide information on national impediments to progress in sustained open-ocean/basin-scale data management activities. The awareness of the importance of data management in the UK is improving through cross government groups, however funding of the activity remains below requirements. Activities within the EU funded program SeaDataNet and other data management projects are progressing data management activities in Europe. On a global scale the reduction of funding to IODE has resulted in less opportunities for progress. For coastal observations Real-time data streams For the observations reported in Section 1.2, please describe real-time acquisition, quality-control, archival and dissemination arrangements, including URLs if appropriate. Specify the institution(s) responsible. Data taken within the Liverpool Bay Coastal Observatory by the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory are made available in real-time at  HYPERLINK "http://cobs.pol.ac.uk/" http://cobs.pol.ac.uk/. Delayed mode quality control and long term archival is undertaken by BODC. Real-time wave data from approximately 20 sites is available via WaveNET at  HYPERLINK "http://www.cefas.co.uk/wavenet/default.htm" http://www.cefas.co.uk/wavenet/default.htm. QA/QC and long term archive can also be accessed via the website. Real-time underway data is available via the Ferrybox project operated by the National Oceanography Centre Southampton. Website:  HYPERLINK "http://www.ferrybox.com/" http://www.ferrybox.com/ Shell Metnet operates a number of oceanographic platforms in the North Sea, data from these sites are provided to the GTS via the Met Office and also made available on the WaveNET web-site. The National Tide and Sea Level Facility is operated by the Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory. Data is available in real-time at  HYPERLINK "http://www.pol.ac.uk/ntslf/networks.html" http://www.pol.ac.uk/ntslf/networks.html Delayed mode quality control and long term archival is undertaken by BODC and is available at  HYPERLINK "http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/ntslf/processed/" http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/online_delivery/ntslf/processed/ Delayed-mode archives Are data from the coastal observations above and collected by a national center being transferred to the ICSU World Data Centers for oceanography (WDC)? If so, please note which one, and with what frequency the data are transferred to the WDC. Data collected by UK organizations which are held by BODC are transferred to WDC Silver Springs on an approximately yearly basis as part of a cross government activity under the UK Marine Environmental Data Action Group. Are any of the coastal observing networks archiving data elsewhere? If so, where? UK data under GOOS is archived as described above Partnerships What are your national plans to make the data streams and archives reported in this section compatible with the WMO Information System (WIS)? All data currently provided to the GTS will be available via the WIS. It is important to identify the major impediments to progress (e.g. fiscal restraints, government awareness, etc.) for the ocean observing system. Please provide information on national impediments to progress in sustained coastal ocean data management activities. The awareness of the importance of data management in the UK is improving through cross government groups, however funding of the activity remains below requirements. Activities within the EU funded program SeaDataNet and other data management projects are progressing data management activities in Europe. On a global scale the reduction of funding to IODE has resulted in less opportunities for progress. Your  HYPERLINK "http://www.iode.org/index.php?option=com_oe&task=viewGroupRecord&groupID=59&Itemid=42" national IODE coordinator has been asked to report in detail on data management and archiving activities by national questionnaire for IODE-XIX in March 2007. Your contributions are extremely important and valuable. Please ensure the requested information is submitted. Please see IODE-XIX report for further details of the contribution and management of data in the UK and the role that The British Oceanographic Data Centre has in the UK framework. Products and services Production of ocean environmental information For each contribution below, please specify the responsible institution/person and a URL if available, and summarize: the outputs, the main user communities, and the observational requirements. Open-ocean/global products and services Please list national contributions to global/basin-scale ocean climate analyses or reanalyses (e.g., those coordinated through CLIVAR GSOP, GHRSST-PP) The Met Offices Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) is a new operational product which delivers a daily real-time global high-resolution at 1/20 (approx 5 km) SST and sea ice analysis. Analyses are available at  HYPERLINK "http://ghrsst-pp.metoffice.com/pages/latest_analysis/ostia.html" http://ghrsst-pp.metoffice.com/pages/latest_analysis/ostia.html. It uses all the available in situ SST data from the GTS and the satellite data produced by the GHRSST-PP. Daily 1 global, 1/9 North Atlantic and 1/8 Mediterranean ocean analyses and forecasts from the Met Offices FOAM system are available at  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncof.gov.uk/products.html" http://www.ncof.gov.uk/products.html. Similarly daily forecasts from the Atlantic Margin Model and the nested Irish Sea model are also available, alongside near real-time ecosystem predictions from the MRCS (POLCOMS-ERSEM) for the shelf-seas around the UK. Please list national contributions to global/basin-scale operational ocean forecasting (such as those coordinated through GODAE) The Forecasting Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) system is run operationally at the Met Office in global and basin scale configurations, including a nested suite of models of the North Atlantic ( HYPERLINK "http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ncof/foam/index.html" http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ncof/foam/index.html). This is used by the Royal Navy, and is an integral part of the MERSEA project, providing the boundary information for running shelf seas operational models. It assimilates all in situ temperature and salinity profile data available over the GTS (including Argo data) together with satellite SST data and satellite altimeter sea surface height data. The Met Office runs wave forecast models on global and regional scales ( HYPERLINK "http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ncof/wave/index.html" http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/ncof/wave/index.html). These are provided to various commercial customers such as oil company service providers and cable laying companies through the Met Office, Aberdeen. The Navy are a major customer of the wave forecasts. Products are also provided to EMARC for emergency response and to various observational studies for validation. The data is available from an archive going back to 1985 for use in climatological and statistical studies. The wave forecasts are validated using data from in situ buoys and from satellite altimeter data. GloSea is global coupled atmosphere and ocean seasonal forecast product from the Met Office, used by a broad range of public and government customers in planning on seasonal timescales ( HYPERLINK "http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/seasonal/glosea.html" http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/seasonal/glosea.html). Please list other nationally-produced open-ocean/basin-scale products or services (including analyses, forecasts, or warnings for sea ice, waves, storm surges, tsunami, currents, pollution, search-and-rescue support, etc.). OCCAM is a global scale ocean model that provides products mainly for research users ( HYPERLINK "http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/OCCAM/" http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/JRD/OCCAM/). Medspiration is a regional scale sea surface temperature product which forms part of GHRSST ( HYPERLINK "http://www.medspiration.org/" http://www.medspiration.org/). CASIX is a project that will produce data products based on satellite chlorophyll data on global and regional scales ( HYPERLINK "http://web.pml.ac.uk/casix/" http://web.pml.ac.uk/casix/). As part of the CASIX project the Met Office runs a coupled physical-biological assimilative model with configurations on global and regional scales. ESSC Godiva Data Server ( HYPERLINK "http://www.nerc-essc.ac.uk/godiva/" http://www.nerc-essc.ac.uk/godiva/) provides data from various modeling studies (both operational and hindcast integrations) from a range of institutes such as the Met Office, ECMWF and NOCS. Please list other nationally-produced open-ocean/basin-scale products or services (including analyses, forecasts, or warnings for sea ice, waves, storm surges, tsunami, currents, pollution, search-and-rescue support, etc.). Please describe national contributions to GMDSS broadcasts if appropriate. The Met Office issues GMDSS warnings and forecasts for METAREA 1: the North Atlantic Ocean east of 35W, from 4827'N to 71N including the North Sea and Baltic Sea sub-area. GMDSS products include high seas warnings and forecasts and offshore forecasts. Coastal products and services List regional/coastal products and services, including analyses, forecasts, or warnings of sea level, storm surge, and localized tsunami warning, mariner's forecasts (coastal ocean temperature and waves) or harmful algal bloom warnings. Charting Progress produced by DEFRA includes sector reports including one on the state of our coastal seas, which is a major resource available for use by policy makers and others.  HYPERLINK "http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/water/marine/uk/stateofsea/chartprogress.pdf" http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/water/marine/uk/stateofsea/chartprogress.pdf. Operational shelf seas models are run at the Met Office including a coupled physical-biological model of the North-West European continental shelf. These models are used by the Navy, are part of the MERSEA project, and are increasingly being used by agencies to aid their monitoring. These models have a relocatable capability, and are regularly implemented for coastal sites around the world. The Met Office runs shelf wide wave models used by the Navy. Also run operationally are coastal wave models run on behalf of HR Wallingford. High resolution Forecasting Ocean Assimilation Model configurations are run in the Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf and other areas around the world. These models have a relocatable capability. The Environment Monitoring and Response Centre (EMARC) at the Met Office provides a coordinated and rapid meteorological response to environmental incidents and search and rescue events using data from the Met Office NWP and marine models. They also provide a storm-tide forecasting service on behalf of the Environment Agency to provide advice on coastal flooding. BMT have a search and rescue capability using the Search and Rescue Information System (SARIS) and an oil spill response capability using OSIS (Oil Spill Identification System). The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) is the UK responsible authority that responds to pollution from shipping and offshore installations. This includes a Marine Response Centre, coordinated by the MCA, to counter all at-sea pollution events and to coordinate clean-up operations. They also provide technical support for Shoreline Response Centres, which are led by Local Authorities, which coordinate all shoreline clean-up operations. The Hydrographic Office provide tidal predictions for ports around the UK and worldwide. Tools Are the model systems, model outputs, or data sets and services used to produce the global and regional products reported on above available or used by a larger community? If so, please provide a description of the applications and user requirements (e.g., URL, web pages, papers or a short description). Godiva data delivery service ( HYPERLINK "http://www.nerc-essc.ac.uk/godiva/" http://www.nerc-essc.ac.uk/godiva/) which allows access to a number of different data products including FOAM, OCCAM, Shelf Seas, HadCM3 and other data sets. NCOF website ( HYPERLINK "http://www.ncof.gov.uk" http://www.ncof.gov.uk) displays shelf-seas model products in near-real time. The Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) is a collaborative ocean model framework and is used by the NERC community, the Met Office and others. BMT have produced a widely used oil-spill tool (the Oil Spill Identification System, OSIS,  HYPERLINK "http://www.osis.biz" www.osis.biz) and search and rescue tool (Search and Rescue Information System, SARIS,  HYPERLINK "http://www.bmt.org" www.bmt.org). These are used by the MCA in their activities described above. European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) is a European community model adapted for use operationally within NCOF ( HYPERLINK "http://www.web.pml.ac.uk/ecomodels/ersem.htm" web.pml.ac.uk/ecomodels/ersem.htm). HadCM3 is widely used for modelling at climate and seasonal time scales ( HYPERLINK "http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/oceans/climate/index.html" www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/oceans/climate/index.html). Partnerships Does your nation have a secondary value-added industry providing downstream ocean products or services? If so, please provide details on significant downstream services in your nation. Indicate if and how these interface with government agencies. The UK has a growing secondary value added industry providing a wide range of downstream products and services. Such services are provided by public and private organisations and through public-private partnership. Please provide information on national impediments to the production of ocean environmental information (e.g., model skill, lack of data, lack of funding)? There are organisational impediments to the production of ocean environmental information. These are progressively being overcome by forming a variety of partnerships which more effectively integrate national capability (for example, The recently formed National Centre for Ocean Forecasting which brings together UK governmental bodies engaged in this area). Trading fund status and the need to sell data also provide constraints on the take-up of data. In common with many European Member States much of the activity in production of ocean environmental information is funded from research budgets. Generally long-term sustainability is therefore a constant challenge. The UK is an active participant in many pan-European initiatives which seek to coordinate production of ocean information. Here again there are significant challenges in terms of sustainability since the majority of these initiatives are supported wholly from research budgets. Application of ocean environmental information Open-ocean/global information For the open-ocean/global products and services reported on above (serving climate monitoring, forecasting, or research; or a specific operational purpose), please provide narrative answers, highlighting success stories if possible, to the following questions: Is the environmental information being successfully incorporated into problem-solving or decision-making for societal benefit? If so, how? What were key factors in reaching this success? If not, what are the major impediments to progress? The seasonal forecasts produced the Met Office have proven to be highly successful, with diverse users including the public, government and planners in utilities, transport, finance, insurance, defence, aviation and local authorities. The 2005/6 winter forecast was found to have a 71% public awareness, highlighting the success in disseminating the information and the usefulness perceived by the public. The OSTIA product is now being used in NWP and will significantly improve the weather forecast, providing societal benefit. This has been achieved by close collaboration between satellite data providers, the ocean forecasting community and operational weather forecast providers. Charting Progress produced by DEFRA includes sector reports including one on the state of our coastal seas, which is a major resource available for use by policy makers and others. The key to its success is that it is closely aligned with policy principles and is simply understood. What are the priority societal problems faced by your nation that could have solutions depending on open-ocean/global environmental information, but currently lack this input? Coastal information For each societal goal in Coastal GOOS (see below), please provide narrative answers, highlighting success stories if possible, to the following questions: What are the major problems facing your nation? Is the environmental information reported on in Section 3.1 becoming part of the solution to those problems? If so, how? If not, what are the major impediments to progress? Detection and prediction of the effects of global climate change on coastal ecosystems Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), see  HYPERLINK "http://www.mccip.org.uk/" http://www.mccip.org.uk/. Safe and efficient marine operations Effective control and mitigation of the effects of natural hazards The storm surge model run at the Met Office on behalf of the Environment Agency is used to provide advise on coastal flooding by the EA. Some control through forecasting and planning Reduced public health risks ? FSA re their warning systems? Protected and restored healthy ecosystems Through regulation Restored and sustained living marine resources Coordination and capacity-building The ocean observing system builds on and will develop through many existing observing networks and systems. Coordination (meetings, liaison, secretariat support) aimed at creating a rational and integrated system constitutes an important contribution to the system. Global coordination and capacity-building Amount of national contribution to global coordination directly through the IOC: unearmarked funds given to the IOC Trust Fund for the observing system: 2005 total US$ ; 2006 total US$ ; intended future commitment US$ (mark time frame) earmarked funds given to the IOC (note purpose) : 2005 total US$ 18,000 for GOOS, 19,000 for GLOSS, 14,000 for Argo Coordinator, contribution to DBCP Coordinator via E-SURFMAR (share of approx $60,000) ; 2006 total US$ 18,000 for GOOS, 10, 000 for GLOSS, 14,000 for Argo Coordinator, contribution to DBCP Coordinator via E-SURFMAR (share of approx $60,000); intended future commitment US$ (it is hoped to continue contributions at approx. this level but this is under review. (mark time frame) in kind support (i.e., secondments to the IOC) : 2005 person-years ; 2006 person years ; intended future commitment (mark time frame) Amount of national contribution to global coordination directly through the WMO (specify financial and in kind contributions as above): Comments on global coordination mechanisms (suggestions and feedback on the functioning of the coordination mechanisms GOOS, JCOMM, IODE and GCOS, their governing and subsidiary bodies, and secretariats): Continued need to ensure that overlaps between those four are minimized and that the level of funding from UNESCO is restored to its original level. Unless this happens the credibility of GOOS (and indeed IOC as a whole) will be lost and national contributions to the IOC Trust Fund will also fall. Capacity-building activities: please list projects that are a direct contribution to developing capacity to build or benefit from the ocean observing system at a global level. Include information on the goals, beneficiaries, methods, investment and future plans. POGO (www.ocean-partners.org) The UK was one of the founder members; Executive Director now based in UK (Plymouth) BILKO (www.noc.soton.ac.uk/bilko) The UNESCO Bilko Project began in 1987. Since then the project has produced eight modules of computer-based lessons and distributed copies to over 500 marine science laboratories and educational establishments and more than 3000 individual users in over 90 countries around the world. Day to day coordination of the project is carried out by the Bilko Secretariat, hosted by the UK's National Oceanography Centre, Southampton. Scholar Ship ( HYPERLINK "http://www.thescholarship.com" www.thescholarship.com The Scholar Ship is a transnational, intercultural learning community that operates semester-long academic programs for undergraduate and postgraduate students onboard a dedicated passenger ship. The semester-length voyages begin in January and September of each year and are 16 weeks in duration. The Scholar Ship program is built on the integration of four key elements: an onboard classroom learning environment; a multicultural residential and social community; an academically oriented shore program; and a research institute. As it develops it will provide opportunities for capacity building in ocean observations, e.g. Argo deployments, promoting awareness of ocean environmental sustainability issues, and some oceanographic modules teaching, probably based around BILKO. The UK has been working with the Director of the Scholar Ship Research Institute to develop the programme and is installing some measurement systems. The UK hosts the international project offices for GODAE (Met Office), GHRSST (Met Office) and CLIVAR (NOC, Southampton) Regional coordination and capacity-building Please detail any changes to your national or institutional participation in regional coordination bodies (GRAs, UNEP Regional Seas Conventions, FAO Regional Fisheries Bodies, LMEs) from the compilation (January 2003) found in Tables VIII.1 and VIII.2 of  HYPERLINK "http://www.ioc-goos.org/goos-125x" Annex VIII of the Coastal Strategic Implementation Plan for GOOS. Please report below on both financial and in kind contributions. Amount of national contribution to regional coordination through GRAs: 30,000 euros annual subscription shared between NERC, Met Office and EA Amount of national contribution to regional coordination through other IOC projects: Amount of national contribution to regional coordination through other bodies: Please list regional projects to develop capacity across nations to build or benefit from the ocean observing system. Include information on the goals, beneficiaries, methods, investment and future plans. See EuroGOOS web pages (www. eurogoos.org), particularly the NW Shelf Operational Oceanographic System ( HYPERLINK "http://www.noos.cc" www.noos.cc) to which the UK contributes, and Sustained, Efficient Production of Required Information and Services within Europe (SEPRISE) (www.eurogoos.org/content_seprise/index_seprise.php) National coordination and capacity-building What is your mechanism for coordination of national agency and institution implementation of the ocean observing system? Are both ocean-related (oceanographic, hydrographic, fisheries, environmental, etc.) and meteorological agencies and institutions included? Specify if you have a National GOOS Committee. For many years, IACMST has hosted the GOOS Action Group ( HYPERLINK "http://www.oceannet.org/goosag" www.oceannet.org/goosag). This has functioned as the national GOOS Committee, coordinating contributions to both coastal and open-ocean GOOS from agencies representing the meteorological, marine research, hydrographic, operational oceanographic and fisheries sectors. It has had strong links with data and information groups also hosted by IACMST ( HYPERLINK "http://www.oceannet.org/medag" www.oceannet.org/medag and  HYPERLINK "http://www.oceannet.org/mdip" www.oceannet.org/mdip). A transition is underway whereby the functions of GOOSAG are being integrated into a comprehensive UK-wide Marine Monitoring and Assessment Strategy (UKMMAS) which also incorporates existing monitoring activities in support of national and European legislative requirements, e.g. proposed UK Marine Bill, EU Maritime Policy, OSPAR. MEDAG and MDIP are also contributing to the working levels of UKMMAS and IACMST is represented on its overall policy committee. In this way we hope to ensure that all the existing UK contributions to GOOS are maintained as well as capturing additional inputs, where relevant. Although these structures will aid delivery of monitoring requirements, responsibility for inputs to EuroGOOS will remain with the sponsoring organizations (NERC, Met Office, EA), EuroGOOS being an association of institutes and not an inter-governmental body. (Discussions are however underway to allow for national representation.). Similarly, responsibility for inputs to I-GOOS will remain with NERC via the UK IOC Office at Southampton, on behalf of UK Government. UK activities in support of GMES and GEO are coordinated by the Global Environmental Change Committee. This includes earth observation satellite programmes. IACMST/IOC Office Secretariat is a member of this committee. Please report on national priority requirements for improved capacity to build or benefit from the ocean observing system, and on national plans to address and sustain that capacity requirement. See Summary of UK GOOS Strategic Plan ( HYPERLINK "http://www.oceannet.org/goosag" www.oceannet.org/goosag). The full version of the Plan is on the same website. UKMMAS is considering how to implement the Plan.  http://www.oco.noaa.gov/index.jsp?show_page=page_country_contributions.jsp&nav=observing  national SOT coordinators have been requested to fill out a report by March 2007 on their activities. Please ensure the answers above are consistent.  These include the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN), the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, and the International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS).  http://www.eohandbook.com/eohb05/ceos/part3_2.html  http://www.ceos.org/CEOS%20Response%20to%20the%20GCOS%20IP.pdf  Tables II.3a, II.3b, II.7 in Annex II of the  HYPERLINK "http://www.ioc-goos.org/goos-148" Implementation Strategy for the Coastal Module of GOOS provide some examples of physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic observation variables. Please note that the lists should not be considered exclusive of other observation needs that may exist locally, nationally or regionally.  please note in particular changes from Table 16 (page 79) in the  HYPERLINK "http://ioc3.unesco.org/oopc/documents/gcos/Implementation_Plan_(GCOS).pdf" GCOS IP, which describes international data centres and activities by variable.  http://www.iode.org/index.php?option=com_oe&task=viewGroupRecord&groupID=59&Itemid=42  http://www.ioc-goos.org/goos-125x     The ocean observing system 2007 UK return 23 May 2007  PAGE 1 \^`  5{|}ָ֤օue^NAָh(ghd CJOJQJhy$hd 56CJOJQJ hy$hd hLhd hMhCJOJQJhhd hMhCJOJQJhy$hd hMhCJOJQJh0hd 0JCJOJQJ'jhcQhd CJOJQJU!jhy$hd CJOJQJUhhd CJOJQJhy$hd CJOJQJhLhd 5CJOJQJhy$hd 5CJOJQJ_` } $$If^a$l $$Ifa$l $Ifgdd l gdd gdd        5 6 : > ? 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