ࡱ>  q` bjbjqPqP ::~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 222hb3|5 9 nF(FFFSy\=_d$h'~ WPjS~ ~ FF Հ~ pF~ F&l< ~ xF9 M424 bprx0p'Bx~ x(`%G+H```ij``` $V2 V2 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~  Restricted Distribution IOC/TT-DMS-I/6 Paris, 26 May 2003 Original: English  INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Historical overview of the IODE programme between 1961 and 2003  Table of Contents  TOC \o "1-4" \h \z  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810002" 1. HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF THE IOC COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE  PAGEREF _Toc41810002 \h 1  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810003" 1.1 FROM WORKING GROUP TO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE  PAGEREF _Toc41810003 \h 1  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810004" 1.2 TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE COMMITTEE  PAGEREF _Toc41810004 \h 2  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810005" 2. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE OF THE COMMITTEE  PAGEREF _Toc41810005 \h 3  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810006" 2.1 GUIDELINES FOR THE STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SUBSIDIARY BODIES OF THE COMMISSION (IOC)  PAGEREF _Toc41810006 \h 3  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810007" 2.2 IODE Chair and Vice-Chair  PAGEREF _Toc41810007 \h 9  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810008" 2.3 IODE Regional Coordinator  PAGEREF _Toc41810008 \h 10  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810009" 2.4 IODE Officers  PAGEREF _Toc41810009 \h 11  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810010" 2.5 IODE National Coordinator  PAGEREF _Toc41810010 \h 12  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810011" 2.6 The Secretariat  PAGEREF _Toc41810011 \h 12  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810012" 2.7 SESSIONS OF THE COMMITTEE  PAGEREF _Toc41810012 \h 13  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810013" 3. IODE ORGANIGRAM  PAGEREF _Toc41810013 \h 14  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810014" 3.1 THE IODE SUBSIDIARY BODIES  PAGEREF _Toc41810014 \h 15  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810015" 3.1.1 IODE Groups of Experts  PAGEREF _Toc41810015 \h 15  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810016" 3.1.1.1 IODE Group of Experts on MEDI  PAGEREF _Toc41810016 \h 15  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810017" 3.1.1.2 IODE Group of Experts on the Development of a Pilot Programme for Responsible National Oceanograohic Data centres (RNODCs)  PAGEREF _Toc41810017 \h 15  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810018" 3.1.1.3 Joint FAO-IOC-UN Group of Experts on ASFIS and ASFIS Strategy  PAGEREF _Toc41810018 \h 16  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810019" 3.1.1.4 IODE Group of Experts on Marine Information Management (GEMIM)  PAGEREF _Toc41810019 \h 16  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810020" 3.1.1.5 IODE Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE)  PAGEREF _Toc41810020 \h 17  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810021" 3.1.1.6 Joint CMM-IGOSS-IODE Group of Experts on Oceanic Satellites and Remote Sensing (OSRS)  PAGEREF _Toc41810021 \h 19  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810022" 3.1.1.7 GEBCDMEP  PAGEREF _Toc41810022 \h 19  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810023" 3.1.2 Task Teams, Ad hoc Groups, Working Groups and Rapporteurs  PAGEREF _Toc41810023 \h 20  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810024" 3.1.3 Steering Groups  PAGEREF _Toc41810024 \h 22  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810025" 3.2 THE IODE SYSTEM  PAGEREF _Toc41810025 \h 23  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810026" 3.2.1 World Data Centres  PAGEREF _Toc41810026 \h 23  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810027" 3.2.1.1 THE WORLD DATA CENTRE FOROCEANOGRAPHY, SILVER SPRING, MD, UNITED STATES  PAGEREF _Toc41810027 \h 23  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810028" 3.2.1.2 WORLD DATA CENTER FOR OCEANOGRAPHY, OBNINSK, RUSSIAN FEDERATION  PAGEREF _Toc41810028 \h 24  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810029" 3.2.1.3 WORLD DATA CENTER FOR OCEANOGRAPHY, TIANJIN, CHINA  PAGEREF _Toc41810029 \h 25  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810030" 3.2.1.4 WORLD DATA CENTER FOR MARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, BOULDER, USA  PAGEREF _Toc41810030 \h 26  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810031" 3.2.1.5 WORLD DATA CENTER FOR MARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, GELENDZHIK  PAGEREF _Toc41810031 \h 27  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810032" 3.2.2 RNODC  PAGEREF _Toc41810032 \h 28  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810033" 3.2.2.1 RNODC-FORMATS  PAGEREF _Toc41810033 \h 28  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810034" 3.2.2.2 RNODC Southern Ocean (RNODC SOC):  PAGEREF _Toc41810034 \h 29  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810035" 3.2.2.3 RNODC for Development of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiling (ADCP) (Ship Mounted) Data Management (RNODC ADCP)  PAGEREF _Toc41810035 \h 30  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810036" 3.2.2.4 RNODC for Drifting Buoys Data:  PAGEREF _Toc41810036 \h 30  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810037" 3.2.2.5 RNODCs for MARPOLMON  PAGEREF _Toc41810037 \h 31  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810038" 3.2.2.6 RNODCs for IGOSS (BATHY and TESAC)  PAGEREF _Toc41810038 \h 32  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810039" 3.2.2.7 RNODC - WESTPAC  PAGEREF _Toc41810039 \h 32  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810040" 3.2.2.8 RNODC- JASIN  PAGEREF _Toc41810040 \h 33  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810041" 3.2.2.9 RNODC - INDO  PAGEREF _Toc41810041 \h 33  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810042" 3.2.2.10 RNODC-Waves  PAGEREF _Toc41810042 \h 34  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810043" 3.2.3 NODC/ DNA  PAGEREF _Toc41810043 \h 34  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810044" 3.2.4 THE FUTURE TOLE OF WDCs, RNODCs and NODCs  PAGEREF _Toc41810044 \h 37  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810045" 3.3 COOPERATION WITH OTHER PROGRAMMES/ORGANIZATIONS  PAGEREF _Toc41810045 \h 39  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810046" 3.3.1 GOOS  PAGEREF _Toc41810046 \h 39  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810047" 3.3.2 ICSU  PAGEREF _Toc41810047 \h 40  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810048" 3.3.3 ICES  PAGEREF _Toc41810048 \h 40  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810049" 3.3.4 JCOMM  PAGEREF _Toc41810049 \h 40  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810050" 3.3.4.1 REFERENCES TO IODE IN JCOMM-I  PAGEREF _Toc41810050 \h 40  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810051" 3.3.4.2 MEMBERSHIP OF IODE IN JCOMM SUBSIDIARY BODIES  PAGEREF _Toc41810051 \h 44  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810052" 3.4 IODE Project Offices  PAGEREF _Toc41810052 \h 46  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810053" 4. IODE ACTIVITIES  PAGEREF _Toc41810053 \h 47  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810054" 4.1 PROJECTS  PAGEREF _Toc41810054 \h 47  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810055" 4.1.1 Global Temperature Salinity Pilot Project (GTSPP)  PAGEREF _Toc41810055 \h 47  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810056" 4.1.1.1 Steering Group on GTSPP  PAGEREF _Toc41810056 \h 49  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810057" 4.1.2 IGOSS-IODE Global Temperature-Salinity Programme  PAGEREF _Toc41810057 \h 50  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810058" 4.1.3 Preparation of Directories of Marine Scientists and Institutions (now: OceanExpert)  PAGEREF _Toc41810058 \h 50  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810059" 4.1.4 MEDAR/MEDATLAS  PAGEREF _Toc41810059 \h 51  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810060" 4.1.5 Standard curriculum for oceanographic data and information management  PAGEREF _Toc41810060 \h 52  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810061" 4.1.6 Standard software packages for oceanographic data management (OceanPC)  PAGEREF _Toc41810061 \h 52  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810062" 4.1.7 The IODE ResourceKit Project (OceanTeacher)  PAGEREF _Toc41810062 \h 53  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810063" 4.1.7.1 SG-OCEANTEACHER  PAGEREF _Toc41810063 \h 54  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810064" 4.1.8 World Ocean Database Project  PAGEREF _Toc41810064 \h 55  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810065" 4.1.9 Regional capacity building initiatives  PAGEREF _Toc41810065 \h 56  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810066" 4.1.9.1 RECOSCIX-WIO (Regional Co-operation in Scientific Information Exchange in the Western Indian Ocean region)  PAGEREF _Toc41810066 \h 56  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810067" 4.1.9.2 Ocean Data and Information Network for Eastern Africa (ODINEA)  PAGEREF _Toc41810067 \h 57  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810068" 4.1.9.3 RECOSCIX-CEA (egional Co-operation in Scientific Information Exchange in the Central Eastern Atlantic Region)  PAGEREF _Toc41810068 \h 57  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810069" 4.1.9.4 ODINAFRICA Ocean Data and Information Network for Africa  PAGEREF _Toc41810069 \h 57  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810070" 4.1.9.5 ODINLAC Ocean Data and Information Network for Latin America and the Caribbean  PAGEREF _Toc41810070 \h 58  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810071" 4.1.10 Data Archaeology and Rescue Project  PAGEREF _Toc41810071 \h 59  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810072" 4.1.11 ASFIS/ASFA  PAGEREF _Toc41810072 \h 61  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810073" 4.1.12 MEDI Pilot Project  PAGEREF _Toc41810073 \h 62  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810074" 4.1.13 MEDI Programme  PAGEREF _Toc41810074 \h 64  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810075" 4.1.13.1 SG-MEDI  PAGEREF _Toc41810075 \h 65  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810076" 4.1.14 Development of a marine XML  PAGEREF _Toc41810076 \h 65  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810077" 4.1.15 OceanPortal  PAGEREF _Toc41810077 \h 66  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810078" 4.1.16 Underway Sea Surface Salinity Data Archiving Pilot Project  PAGEREF _Toc41810078 \h 66  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810079" 4.1.16.1 SG-GOSUD  PAGEREF _Toc41810079 \h 68  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810080" 4.1.17 Ocean Information Technology Pilot Project  PAGEREF _Toc41810080 \h 68  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810081" 5. DATA EXCHANGE POLICY  PAGEREF _Toc41810081 \h 71  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc41810082" 6. IODE DATA MANAGEMENT STRATEGY  PAGEREF _Toc41810082 \h 71  HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF THE IOC COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE FROM WORKING GROUP TO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE During the Intergovernmental Conference on Oceanographic Research, 1960, at which the setting up of an Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission was recommended, certain initial tasks for the new Commission were outlined and amongst these was included the requirement for a structure to co-ordinate international oceanographic data exchange. The first formal establishment of a Working Group on Exchange of Oceanographic Data was made by IOC Resolution I-9 adopted at the First Session of the Commission in October 1961, which also prescribed that: "The mission of this Working Group shall be the facilitating of exchange of oceanographic data, the standardization of forms for reporting and coding data, the encouragement of the preparation of data catalogues, and the assistance of development of national oceanographic data centres." The Commission authorized the continuation of the Working Group at its Second Session (September 1962). At its Fifth Session (September 1967) the Commission (Resolution V-20A) amended the terms of reference of the Working Group by adding the following: "(a) to review and re-appraise the whole international oceanographic data exchange system as recommended by Section 8 of the report 'International Ocean Affairs' (IOC/V-INF.111), and as reaffirmed by Recommendation IX of the summary of the recommendations of the Working Group meeting in the Hague in September 1967 (IOC/V-4); (b) to continue and encourage the present work leading towards format standardization for use with automated techniques for data input, storage, retrieval, dissemination and exchange, but recognizing the considerable financial implications inherent in such automation; (c) to continue the development of means whereby geological, geophysical, biological, special air-sea interaction data and data from 'continuously recording' sensors are incorporated into the international oceanographic data exchange system." The Eighth Session of the IOC Assembly decided that the Working Group for International Oceanographic Data Exchange be renamed Working Committee (Resolution VIII-31) and it also amended its Terms of Reference (Report of the Eighth Session of the IOC Assembly, Doc. SC/MD /39, Annex V, page 8, Item II). The Fourteenth Session of the IOC Assembly (Paris, 17 March - 1 April 1987) "noting the increasing interest in marine scientific information ... recalling also the decision of the Executive Council at its Nineteenth Session, on the Guidelines for the Structure and Responsibilities of the Subsidiary Bodies of the Commission", changed the name of the Technical Committee on International Oceanographic Data Exchange to the Committee on Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, retaining the acronym IODE. TERMS OF REFERENCE OF THE COMMITTEE The IODE Committee is a PRIMARY SUBSIDIARY BODY of the IOC. It is a TECHNICAL COMMITTEE (IOC Manual, INF-785, Chapter 5, page 37) . The following Terms of Reference have been used by the IODE Committee since their last revision adopted by the 14th Session of the IOC Assembly: The Working Committee on International Oceanographic Data Exchange shall: facilitate exchange of oceanographic data, the standardization of forms for reporting and coding data, the encouragement of the preparation of data catalogues and the assistance of development of national oceanographic data centres; facilitate exchange of, and access and referral to, information resulting from, or relating to marine programmes emanating from related activities (ASFlS, MEDI, UNISIST, UNEP, IRS, CODATA, etc.); review and re-appraise the whole international oceanographic data exchange system, recommending changes to the Commission, as appropriate; continue and encourage format standardization for use with automated techniques for data input, storage, retrieval dissemination and exchange; continue the development of means whereby geological-geophysical, biological, special air-sea interaction, marine pollution data and data from "continuously recording" and remote sensors are incorporated into the international oceanographic data exchange system; take action as necessary to give effect to the Commission's policy decisions, within its prescribed terms of reference; make recommendations to the Commission on policy matters within its terms of reference and on the need for Consultants and/or temporary Groups of Experts to deal with special scientific and technical matters connected with the Commission's programmes; report regularly and make recommendations to the Commission of the work accomplished and on future action required and prepare with the assistance of the Secretary, a draft two-year programme of the work and financial requirements for submission to each Assembly; maintain close collaboration with World, National, Regional and Responsible Data Centres, with the other Working Committees, with the International Co-ordination Groups for the Co-operative Investigations, and with international organizations, within its terms of reference; have the right to form ad hoc task teams to carry out specific parts of the work of the Committee during intersessional periods provided no costs fall on the Commission; make recommendations to the Assembly and the Executive Council regarding the provision of technical guidance and for the formulation and execution of the marine science programmes of UNESCO relating to marine data and information management, and, when appropriate, to facilitate co-ordination with related programmes of other ICSPRO agencies. MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE OF THE COMMITTEE GUIDELINES FOR THE STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SUBSIDIARY BODIES OF THE COMMISSION (IOC) The Guidelines for the Structure and Responsibilities of the Subsidiary Bodies of the Commission are presented in the IOC Manual, Part I, Section 5 and the general Terms of Reference of the IOC Subsidiary Bodies and their membership, in the IOC Manual, Part II, of December 1985 (revised 1989). Note that this document was superseded by the IOC Rules of Procedure (IOC/INF-1166 of November 2001): IOC RULES OF PROCEDURE (2001) VII. Committees, subsidiary and other bodies Rule 24 The Assembly or the Executive Council, shall determine the need and terms of reference of the primary subsidiary bodies (committees, subcommissions and regional committees), as well as approve the creation, terms of reference and the expected lifetime of secondary subsidiary bodies (groups of experts and task teams). In exceptional cases the Assembly and the Executive Council may determine the need for, and terms of reference of, the groups of experts. The Assembly and the Executive Council shall take into account the need for broad geographical participation and appropriate expertise in such bodies. At each of its ordinary sessions, the Assembly can review terms of reference and continuing requirement for each of these bodies and make changes and decisions as necessary. The primary subsidiary bodies and those established on exceptional basis shall meet in accordance with the relevant decisions of the Assembly or the Executive Council. Rule 25 Member States of the Commission should be invited to participate in the work of primary subsidiary bodies and shall inform the Executive Secretary of the names of their representatives or nominees. The same procedure is applied to the bodies established on exceptional basis. Composition of secondary subsidiary bodies is determined by primary subsidiary bodies in consultation with the Executive Secretary. Where applicable, the designation of representatives should be continuous for the period specified in the Terms of Reference for subsidiary bodies. The Executive Secretary shall also be informed in a timely manner of any change made in such representation. 2. The Assembly or the Executive Council can establish subsidiary bodies jointly with other organizations as stated in Article 9.2 of the Statutes. In such cases, the Terms of Reference, the membership and the expected lifetime will be established, and any subsequent reviews and changes carried out, in consultation with the other organization(s) involved. No decisions affecting the joint bodies will be undertaken or expected, without such consultations. Unless otherwise designated by the Assembly or the Executive Council or, in the case of joint bodies, otherwise agreed upon, the Chairperson of each subsidiary body shall be elected by the body concerned. The Assembly, the Executive Council, or any subsidiary body may elect Rapporteurs. Whenever feasible, committees, subsidiary or other bodies shall carry out their work by correspondence. VIII. Representation Rule 26 Member States acting individually should take into account the scientific and technical character of the purposes and functions of the Commission when nominating members to the Commissions subsidiary bodies. Member States shall make the nominations, when applicable, through the official designated national coordinating body specified for liaison with the Commission. IOC MANUAL (1989) In accordance with the IOC Manual (INF-785, Chapter 5) the IODE Committee, as a Technical Committee, has the following basic elements of terms of reference: Programme Development Planning "Prepare a detailed plan of action for implementation of the adopted programmes, projects or activities." Promotion "Within its field of responsibility, promote the adopted programmes, projects or activities among the interested Member States and/or in the marine scientific community, as necessary, and make, if appropriate, recommendations to the (name of the parent body in brief) to this effect." Co-ordination "Identify the Member States' institutions, the collaborating organizations, or individuals, as the case may be, participating in the implementation of the adopted programmes, projects or activities and ensure that each such entity is made fully aware of the work it is expected to undertake and how it relates to the work of the other participating entities." Scientific and technical advice and guidance "(a) Provide advice to the participating entities, as defined above, on appropriate methods, procedures and operations for the optimum implementation of the agreed programmes, projects or activities; (b) undertake specific tasks (e.g., prepare scientific and technical reports, reviews, guidelines), if appropriate, to help ensure optimum implementation of the agreed programmes, projects or activities." Standard setting and nomenclature "Recommend and co-ordinate the development (with other international organizations) of standards, reference materials and nomenclature for use in marine science and related ocean services." Co-operation "Co-operate, as appropriate, with other bodies, such as Subsidiary bodies of the Commission or of other international organizations, whether governmental or non-governmental, global or regional, at an equivalent (or approximately equivalent) hierarchical level, as decided by (the name of the parent body in brief) . " Evaluation "(a) Examine the results of the adopted programme, projects or activities at regular intervals determined by their nature; (b) make recommendations to (the name application of these results; and of the parent body in brief) on the application of these results; and (c) provide advice to (the name of the parent body) on desirable improvements in programme conception or execution." Other Functions Programme of work and financial requirements "Prepare, within its field of responsibility, and with the assistance of the Secretary, proposals for a two-year programme of work and financial requirements, including an indication of priorities, for submission to the Secretary, for his use in the preparation of the Programme and Budget of the Commission." Overall Policy recommendations "Make recommendations to (name of parent body in full) on the Commission's overall policy relevant to the (name of subsidiary body, in brief)'s field of activity" Technical policy-makinq "Within its Terms of Reference, determine such technical policy as may be required to effect or enhance the implementation of adopted programmes or projects." Reporting " Report to (name of parent body in full) at intervals to be decided by the (name of parent body in brief)." Creation of Secondary Subsidiary Bodies A Technical or Scientific Committee is entitled to create, as Secondary Subsidiary Bodies, Task Teams and Groups of Experts, but provided no costs fall on the Commission or the necessary costs have been allocated by a Governing Body (in this case the IOC Assembly or Executive Council). All Secondary Subsidiary Bodies shall be established initially for one intersessional period only (see section on Frequency of Meetings, below). Further extension shall be by specific decision at each session of their respective parent bodies. [note that this was only formally adhered to in the first decade of IODE. Afterwards the continuation of the Secondary Subsidiary bodies of IODE was assumed through the inclusion of their cost in the work plan and budget recommendation] In general, the Guidelines given above apply also to Secondary Subsidiary Bodies. It is clear, however, that Secondary Subsidiary Bodies have no authority to create tertiary Subsidiary bodies. Nevertheless, informal sub-groups (e.g., Sub-groups of Experts) may be formed to deal with specific aspects of the work of a subsidiary body but shall have no formal status and their activities shall be the responsibility of the Subsidiary body alone. Membership and Composition Scientific and/or Technical Committees Open to all interested Member States Sub-Commissions Open to Member States of the region concerned and other interested Member States Regional Committees Same as for Sub-Commissions. Task Teams Decided by the parent body (normally consisting of a few governmental experts appointed by Member States concerned) Groups of Experts Experts acting in their personal capacity and selected for their knowledge and expertise in the subject concerned The following procedures for the selection of members shall apply: Following a decision to create a Group of Experts, any Member State may submit to the Secretary, within two months, the names of any experts, with their respective curricula vitae, it may wish to be considered for membership of the Group. The Chairman of IOC, the Secretary, the Convenor (see section on Officers, below, and, as appropriate, the Chairman(men) of the subsidiary body(ies) mainly concerned with the work of the Group of Experts, after having reviewed the nominees and/or any other suitable candidates known to them by reputation, will select the members of the Group of Experts. Subsequently, they will be appointed by the Secretary who will inform Member States concerned of the final composition of the Group. The composition of a Joint Group of Experts will be decided in consultation with the co-sponsoring organization(s). Subsidiary Bodies, below.) Although membership of the Commission's Scientific and/or Technical Committees, Sub-Commissions and Regional Committees is open to all Member States, such membership will not be automatically assumed, but will be dependent upon a formal declaration of wish, by a Member State, to be a member of a particular subsidiary body and to participate actively in a particular programme, and this should be confirmed in practice by the nomination of a specific National Focal Point, to provide liaison between the national activities directly related to the given programme and the subsidiary body itself or the Secretary of IOC. Such declarations and nominations should be renewed at each ordinary session of the Assembly or whenever necessary as a result of a change in the National Focal Point. This will result in considerable economy and increased efficiency since documents for a session of a Scientific and/or Technical Committee, Sub-Commission or Regional Committee will not, normally, be sent to a Member State that is not a declared member of such subsidiary bodies. Nevertheless, invitations to all sessions of a given Scientific and/or Technical Committee, Sub-Commission or Regional Committee will be sent to all Member States initially. Officers For all subsidiary bodies, the following guidelines shall be applied: Unless nominated by the parent body, the Chairman and a Vice-Chairman shall be elected by the subsidiary body itself. Both shall normally serve for one intersessional period and the next session, if any, of the subsidiary body; if there is no such session (e.g., in the case of a Task Team working by correspondence), the intersessional period shall be that of the parent body. The Chairman and the Vice-Chairman shall be eligible for re-election for only one more intersessional period and subsequent session as just defined; however, on an exceptional basis and in the interest of the Commission, both may be eligible for re-election for one further term. In the case of Sub-Commissions and Regional Committees, the Chairman and Vice-Chairman shall normally be from Member States in the region concerned. The Vice-Chairman shall be responsible for assisting the Chairman by taking over from him in the event of his absence (from a meeting) or indisposition (during an intersessional period or a session). and by undertaking special tasks allocated to him by the Chairman. For the first session of a subsidiary body, a Convenor may be designated by the parent body. Subsequently, elections for the Chairman and Vice-Chairman shall normally be held at the end of each session of the body. The Chairman (or the Vice-Chairman acting for him, as provided for in (iii). above) shall be entirely impartial in his conduct of the sessions; if he is also representing a Member State. he should always indicate when he is speaking on behalf of that Member State. Other Participants Article 8 of the Statutes Commission shall apply to all subsidiary bodies of the Commission. It reads: "Subject to provisions in the Rules of Procedure regarding closed meetings, participation in the meetings of the Assembly, of the Executive Council and subsidiary bodies, without the right to vote, is open to: (a) Representatives of Member States of organizations in the United Nations system which are not members of the Commission; (b) Representatives of the organizations in the United Nations system; (c) Representatives of such other intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations as may be invited subject to conditions to be determined in the Rules of Procedure." Responsibilities of Member States For the intergovernmental bodies (Sub-Commissions, Scientific and/or Technical Committees, Regional Committees and Task Teams), the Member States are expected to: (i) nominate to their delegations to the meetings thereof appropriately qualified persons. as called for in Rule of Procedure No. 26; (ii) cover the cost of the attendance and participation of their delegates in the meetings thereof; (iii) provide the essential means to the individuals (delegates) or national institutions concerned to give effect to the decisions/recommendations of a given subsidiary body of which they are a member. The latter responsibility is particularly important if a national of a Member State is elected Chairman or Vice-Chairman of a subsidiary body. as it is indeed for the Chairman and four Vice-Chairmen of the Commission. The terms of membership (above) should be borne in mind here. Frequency of Sessions The frequency of sessions of Primary and Secondary Subsidiary Bodies depends on several factors. particularly: (i) the developmental stage of the activity with which the body is concerned. it usually being desirable to have relatively more frequent meetings in the early stages; (ii) the disposition (in terms of funding. scheduling. etc.) of Member States vis-a-vis a giver. activity; (iii) the Secretariat workload and meeting schedule; (iv) the desired relationship between the work of the subsidiary body and sessions of the Governing Bodies and/or Primary Subsidiary Bodies. Nevertheless. in general. Sub-Commissions. Scientific and/or Technical Committees and Regional Committees should meet at least once every two years. the actual frequency being related to the state of development and the requirements of the particular programme or as determined by the Assembly or the Executive Council. Task Teams, if the Member States concerned are generally agreeable, should not meet more often than once a year nor less often than once every two years (especially if substantial progress can be made by working by correspondence). Groups of Experts should meet as often as the Secretary decides is necessary under any given set of programmatic and budgetary circumstances. Decisions and Recommendations A Decision is a determination to act that is binding upon the body adopting it, and that body only; a Decision by a subsidiary body may be subject to qualification by the parent body or the Governing Bodies. A Recommendation is normally made to the parent body; if the Recommendation is intended for the IODC Assembly or Executive Council, or, if appropriate, for concerned bodies or other organizations collaborating with the Commission, or to Member States, it rests with the parent body or its Chairman to relay the Recommendation to the Secretary for submission to the entity for which it was intended. Each Decision or Recommendation should, as appropriate, be labelled by the acronym of the originating body linked to the (Roman) number of the Session at which it was adopted, and the ordinal (Arabic) number assigned to it (e.g., EC-X.10); note that, exceptionally, the Assembly is identified only by the corresponding Roman numeral (e.g., XII-12), in accordance with the Commission's documentation practices which are applicable to subsidiary body sessions. The particular features of the Commission's Sub-Commissions, Scientific and/or Technical Committees, Regional Committees, Task Teams, Groups of Experts, and Joint Subsidiary Bodies are given below SCIENTIFIC AND/OR TECHNICAL COMMITTEES Scientific and/or Technical Committees are the main subsidiary bodies of the Commission. They are intergovernmental and may be established only by the Assembly. Each such Committee is expected to take Decisions and act as necessary to give effect to the Commission's policy decisions, within its Terms of Reference and allocated budget, and make Recommendations to the Governing Bodies of the Commission on policy matters within its Terms of Reference and on future actions required. Task Teams Task Teams are small ad hoc subsidiary bodies formed to carry out specific tasks at no expense to the Commission other than routine Secretarial support, unless specific approval is obtained from the Assembly or Executive Council. Task Teams may be formed by the Assembly, the Executive Council and by Scientific and/or Technical Committees Sub-Commissions and Regional Committees. Task Teams will usually work by correspondence, but meetings may be convened when the necessary costs have been allocated or when no costs fall on the Commission. Task Teams should be disbanded by their parent body upon completion of their assigned task. Groups of Experts Groups of Experts are small subsidiary bodies composed of specialists selected in their personal capacity for their scientific or technical expertise. They will undertake detailed scientific and technical studies and/or co-ordination tasks, by subject or region, as identified by the Assembly, the Executive Council, a Sub-Commission, a Scientific and/or Technical Committee, or a Regional Committee. When the Assembly, the Executive Council, a Scientific and/or Technical Committee, a Sub-Commission or a regional Committee decide that there is a need for a Group of Experts, it will draft appropriate Terms of Reference and decide on the size of the group. A Scientific and/or Technical Committee, a Sub-Commission or a Regional Committee may create a Group of Experts independently only if no costs fall on the Commission for the Work of the Group. If budgetary support is required, the Scientific and/or Technical Committee, Sub-Commission or Regional Committee shall submit the draft Terms of Reference and proposed size of the Group of Experts to the Assembly or the Executive Council with a Recommendation that the Group of Experts be formed and the necessary costs allocated. In principle, all travel costs and subsistence expenses of members of Groups of Experts will be borne by the Commission (from the most appropriate source of support and budget). The venue of meetings should therefore be planned to keep these expenses to a minimum. Participants in sessions of Groups of Experts, other than those selected under the guidelines given above, shall be deemed to be observers whose travel costs and expenses will be paid for by their government or organization. Each Group of Experts should maintain a list of additional experts who have been nominated by their Member States and who are considered suitable to be members of the Group, on the basis of their scientific and technical expertise. These lists, which should be updated at each meeting, will be held by the Secretary and used by him and the appropriate Chairmen when selecting new members for the various groups. Joint Sudsidiary Bodies Joint Subsidiary Bodies may be formed with other organizations if such bodies are clearly necessary for the successful development and implementation of the programme in question. Co-sponsorship of such bodies by the Commission will only decided upon by the Assembly. The Guidelines above should be used, so far as practicable, in consultation with the Secretariats of the other organizations involved. IODE Chair and Vice-Chair Election: The IOC Rules of Procedure (IOC/INF-1166, 2001) state that Unless otherwise designated by the Assembly or the Executive Council or, in the case of joint bodies, otherwise agreed upon, the Chairperson of each subsidiary body shall be elected by the body concerned. During IODE-XVII (3-7 March 2003) the following Chair and Vice Chair were elected: Chair: Dr Lesley Rickards (UK) Vice-Chair: Mr Ricardo Rojas (Chile)` Names of previous Chairs can be found under 2.7 (Sessions of the Committee) IODE Regional Coordinator Established: IODE-XV (1996) decided to appoint IODE regional coordinators through Resolution IODE-XV.4 (IODE Regional Coordinators): Terms of Reference were revised through Recommendation IODE-XVI.2 (2000) Recommendation IODE-XVI.2 STRENGTHENING OF THE REGIONAL CO-ORDINATORS MECHANISM The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recalling Resolution IODE-XV.4 on the nomination of the IODE Regional Co-ordinators for each of the IOC Regional Programmes, Bearing in mind the Terms of Reference of the IODE Regional Co-ordinators as approved by the IOC Officers Meeting held in Goa, India in February 1998, Acknowledging information and recommendations contained in the reports of the Regional Coordinators submitted to IODE-XVI on the status and progress achieved, also containing descriptions of the failures incurred and the problems met, Taking into account the experiences gained during the past years and the technological developments, especially in the area of the usage of e-mail for communications, as well as the changed focuses of IODE and its NODCs and the new regional and global programmes and projects, Strongly supports the continuation and strengthening of the IODE Regional Co-ordinators mechanism, Proposes the amendment of the Terms of Reference for Regional Co-ordinators as follows: carry out actions targeted to strengthening co-operation in the area of marine and coastal data and information management in the regions with a view to meeting the user needs effectively. This includes advising the existing NODCs within the region on new developments within the IODE system and helping in establishing national data and information management systems including NODCs in the countries where the infrastructure has not yet been developed; promote the communication and collaboration between the data and information centers in the region and exchange experiences with other regional co-ordinators; establish links with the IOC's and other relevant regional and global science and services programmes in order to be informed about on-going activities and keeping them informed of the IODE development; liaise, at the regional level, with the relevant subsidiary bodies of IOC in order to promote the IODE system, services and products to the widest possible audience; support the efforts of the IODE Officers and the IOC Secretariat in implementing the fund raising process in the regions; Invites the IOC Executive Secretary to provide the necessary support to the Regional Co-ordinators for effective implementation of assigned responsibilities; Recommends that the Regional Co-ordinators be members of the IOC Regional Bodies and participate in their regular meetings and that the Regional Co-ordinators be invited, with the financial support from IOC, to the regular IODE Officers meetings to report on the progress made and contribute to discussions. The current (IODE-XVII) list of Regional Coordinators: Mr. Nobuyuki Shibayama, IODE Regional Coordinator WESTPAC Mr. J.S. Sarupria, IODE Regional Coordinator IOCINDIO Dr Larry Awosika, IODE Regional Coordinator IOCEA Mr Harrison Ong'anda, IODE Regional Coordinator IOCINCWIO Ms Lorna Inness, IODE Regional Coordinator IOCARIBE Lic. Ariel Hernan Troisi, IODE Regional Coordinator IOCSOC (new 2000) (*) Dr. E. Balopoulos, IODE Regional Coordinator Mediterranean region Alexander Suvorov, IODE Regional Coordinator for the Black Sea region Mafiu Rodriguez, IODE Regional Coordinator for the Eastern Pacific (El Nino) (*) Note: the IOC Assembly, during its 21st Session abolished the IOCSOC regional subsidiary body IODE Officers During the inter-sessional period the IODE Officers can make decisions to facilitate the operation of the IODE programme. The IODE Officers are composed of: IODE Chair IODE Vice Chair Chair IODE Group of Experts on Biological and Chemical Data Management and Exchange Practises (GEBCDMEP) Chair IODE Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE) Chair IODE Group of Experts on Marine Information Management (GEMIM) Director, WDC Oceanography , Silver Spring, USA Director, WDC Oceanography , Obninsk, Russian Federation Director, WDC Oceanography , Tianjin, China Director, WDC Marine Geology and Geophysics, USA Director, WDC Marine Geology and Geophysics, Russian Federation Head, GODAR project IODE Regional Coordinators IODE National Coordinator At the national level representation of a Member State in the IODE programme is assured by the IODE National Coordinator. In cases where an national data centres (NODC, DNA) exists this is generally the Director of that facility. In cases where no national data management facility has been established the Member State will identify a suitable expert. A full list of the IODE National Coordinators is available from the web page  HYPERLINK "http://ioc.unesco.org/iode/contents.php?id=97" http://ioc.unesco.org/iode/contents.php?id=97 and in 3.2.3. The Secretariat The IODE Secretariat facilitates the implementation of the work plan adopted by the Committee during its Sessions, organizes its Sessions and the meetings of its subsidiary bodies. The Secretariat is based at IOC/UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. The IODE Secretariat is part of the IOCs Ocean Services Section that is supervised by the Head, Ocean Services. Currently (2003) the IODE Secretariat has the following staffing: 1 x P-4 UNESCO permanent post: Peter Pissierssens (Head, Ocean Services) 1 x P-4 Consultant: Greg Reed 1 x P-1 Temporary post: Benjamin Sims (software development, part-time) 1 x GS-5 Administrative Assistant: Franoise Ricotou (part-time) 1 x GS-4 Administrative Assistant: Adrien Vannier (part-time) Note : The position of Head, Ocean Services was previously (until the retirement of Dr. Iouri Oliounine) a P-5 position. This position was abolished after the retirement of Dr Oliounine. Mr Pissierssens was recruited in 1995 on a P-3 position which was upgraded to a P-4 position in March 2000 Mr Sims is shared with the other sections of the IOC Sectretariat Mrs Ricotou and Mr Vannier are shared with the Ocean Mapping and ITSU programmes, also part of the Ocean Services Section In addition the IODE Secretariat currently (May 2003) also has one decentralized office: the ODINAFRICA Project Office, based in Mombasa, Kenya, hosted by the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute and headed by Mr Mika Odido (Consultant P-3). IODE-XVII recommended the establishment of an IODE Project Office to be hosted in Oostende, Belgium (offer made by the Government of Flanders and City of Oostende). This recommendation will be considered by IOC-XXII (June/July 2003). SESSIONS OF THE COMMITTEE Session Date Year Place ChairpersonCountry 1st07-10 Aug 1962 Washington DC, USADr. W.C. Jacobs USA 2nd27-30 Jan 1964 Paris , FranceMr. Ch. Sauer Canada 3rd31Mar-2Apr 1966 Copenhagen , DenmarkMr. Ch. Sauer Canada 4th23-26 Sep 1968 Paris , FranceDr. T.S. Austin USA 5th21-25 Sep 1970 Geneva , SwitzerlandDr. T.S. Austin USA 6th20-24 Sep 1971 Rome , ItalyDr. T.S. Austin USA 7th09-13 Jul1973New York , USADr. T.S. AustinUSA8th 12-17 May1975Rome , ItalyDr. T.S. AustinUSA9th 15-19 Jan1979New York , USAMr. T. WinterfeldUSA10th 05-13 Jan1981Hamburg , F.R. GermanyMr. T. WinterfeldUSA11th 09-18 Jan1984New York , USADr. D. KohnkeF.R. Germany12th 10-17 Dec1986Moscow , USSRDr. D. KohnkeF.R. Germany13th 17-24 Jan1990New York , USADr. N. FlemmingUK14th 1-9 Dec1992Paris , FranceDr. N. FlemmingUK15th 23-31 Jan1996Athens , GreeceDr. J.R. WilsonCanada16th31Oct-8Nov2000Lisbon, PortugalMr Ben SearleAustralia17th3-7 March2003 Paris, FranceDr. E. Balopoulos/ Dr L. Rickards (*)Greece (*) Mr Ben Searle stepped down as Chair during the inter-sessional period IODE-XVI/IODE-XVII. In accordance with the rule Dr Balopoulos, Vice-Chairperson then assumed the position of Chairperson. In view of the crucial phase of development of the IODE Programme the Committee decided to organize the election of a new Chairperson during the second day of the IODE-XVII Session. The newly elected Chairperson, Dr Lesley Rickards then immediately took office. IODE ORGANIGRAM The IODE structural elements are: the IODE Committee: composed of (iii), (v) and Chairs (vi), (vii) the IODE Chair and Vice-Chair the IODE Officers (includes Chair and Vice-Chair, Regional Coordinators, Directors WDC Oceanography and MGG, Head GODAR project) the IODE Regional Coordinators (as created by IODE-XIV) the IODE National Coordinators IODE Groups of Experts IODE project Steering Groups This results in the following organigram:       THE IODE SUBSIDIARY BODIES IODE Groups of Experts Note: only for groups that are still in existence (2003) is the membership listed. IODE Group of Experts on MEDI Establishment: Through Recommendation IODE-VIII.8 (Marine Environmental Data and Information (MEDI) Referral System), 1984. (was a follow-up to the Joint Task Team on Interdisciplinary and Interorganizational Data and Information Management and Referral (IMAR) Terms of Reference: to augment the marine data and information management expertise available to the Secretary, so as to provide a bridge to the MEDI referral system for the Working Committee, which should retain the responsibility for periodic reports on the operation and development of MEDI Sessions: Third Session: Paris, 26-29 January 1981 Second Session: Geneva, 10-14 October 1977 First Session: (date and place unknown: 1975-1977) Abolished: Through Recommendation IODE-XI.4 (1984) (IODEs Role in Marine Information Management) through which the GE-MIM was established IODE Group of Experts on the Development of a Pilot Programme for Responsible National Oceanograohic Data centres (RNODCs) Establishment: established by IODE-VIII (Rome, 12-16 May, 1975) through Recommendation IODE-VIII.12 Appendix II. Terms of Reference redefined through Recommendation IODE-XI.1 (1984) Renamed to Group of Experts on RNODCs and Climate Data Services through Resolution IODE-XII.1 (1986) and Terms of Reference revised. Terms of Reference revised through Recommendation IODE-XIV.1 (1992) Terms of Reference (as redefined at IODE-XIV, 1992): Identify RNODCs needed to meet IODE responsibilities in accordance with the guidelines specified in the IOC Guide on RNODCs (IOC Manuals and Guides No.9, Annex II) Review the activities and progress of RNODCs Recommend activities to meet the ocean data needs of climate and global change research and monitoring activities: GOOS, GCOS and scientific programmes such as TOGA, WOCE, JGOFS and IGBP Serve as a link between the ocean data needs of the research and monitoring programmes an RNODCs Identify regional and global sets of specific parameters needed by the global programmes and recommend projects like GTSPP that night be established or enhanced to produce them. Sessions Group of Experts on RNODCs and Climate Data Services First Session: Wormley, UK, 15-19 February 1988 Group of Experts on the Development of a Pilot Programme for Responsible National Oceanograohic Data centres (RNODCs): Fifth Session: 15-19 October 1984, Moscow, USSR Fourth Session: Washington DC, 1982 Third Session: Paris, January 1981 Second Session: (data and place unknown) First Session: ?, October 1976 Abolished: by IODE-XV (para 83) (1996) Joint FAO-IOC-UN Group of Experts on ASFIS and ASFIS Strategy Establishment: through Recommendation IODE-XIII.5 (1990) Terms of Reference: to serve as an advisory body for the IOC, FAO and the UN with the objective of the further development of ASFIS. Sessions: none reported Abolished: not reported IODE Group of Experts on Marine Information Management (GEMIM) Establishment: GEMIM was established by IODE-XI (New York, 9-18 January 1984) through Recommendation IODE-XI.4 (IODE's role in marine information management) Terms of Reference: advise the Working Committee on IODE on the policy, development and further implementation of an effective international system for scientific and technical inormation about marine environment by keeping user requirements under continuing review and ensuring that these requirements can be met adequately; Identify the policy, technical and financial problems involved in the development and implementation of marine information systems, and make recommendations concerning their solution; Develop programmes to improve the capability of Member States, particularly developing countries, to benefit from and participate in marine information systems and keep Member States informed on how they might best have access to such systems through the application of information technology; Report to the Working Committee on IODE on matters with special reference to ASFIS and MEDI pertaining to United Nations and specialized agencies information systems and services related to the marine area; Represent IOC on inter-agency panels on marine information and related systems such as those required by ASFIS and MEDI. Sessions Seventh Session: Paris, France, 23-25 October 2002 (Chair: Dr. Murari Tapaswi) Sixth Session: Silver Spring, Maryland, USA, 31 May - 3 June 1999 (Chair: Mrs. Pauline Simpson, UK) Fifth Session: Athens, Greece, 17-19 January 1996 (Chair: Mrs. Pauline Simpson, UK) Fourth Session: Washington DC, United States of America, 6-9 October 1993 (Chair: Mrs. Pauline Simpson, UK) Third Session: Wormley, United Kingdom, 27-30 April 1992 (Chair: Mrs. Pauline Simpson, UK) Second Session: Moscow, USSR, 8-9 December 1986 (Chair: Dr. J. Watson, Canada) First Session: Rome, Italy, 19-23 November 1984 (Chair: Dr. J. Watson, Canada) Membership (as per GEMIM-VII) Murari P Tapaswi (India) Pauline Simpson (UK) Suzie Davies (Australia) Sofia Goulala (Greece) Janice Beattie (USA) Marc Goovaerts (Belgium) IODE Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE) Established: January 1979 (Rec. IODE-IX.6; Res. IOC-XI/20) as Group of Experts on Format Development. Terms of Reference revised through Resolution IODE-XII.6 (1986) and renamed to Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE). Re-established with modified Terms of Reference through Recommendation IODE-XIV.4 (Re-establishment of the Group of Experts on TADE with modified Terms of Reference), 1992. Terms of Reference modified at IODE-XV (para 104) Through Recommendation IODE-XVII.3 (2003) merged with the JCOMM Expert Team on Data Management Practises (JCOMM-ETDMP) into JCOMM/IODE Expert Team on Data Management Practices (provided adoption by IOC-XXII) Terms of Reference: (modified last during IODE-XV) collaborate with IGOSS-CP, IODE GEMIM and the data management groups of other international bodies and scientific programmes in the development of technical solutions for the management, exchange and easier integration of oceanographic data and information with data from other disciplines; collaborate with IODE GEMIM in the development of a common WWW interface for IODE Centers to deliver data and information in a consistent manner; develop a set of documents to be used by data originators or data centers which describes guidelines for formatting ocean data and information; continue the developments in a common data format which conforms to other major data collection programmes, meets the needs to handle more diverse data types and is independent of the exchange medium. This will include, as appropriate, the specifications of software modules that may be required; liaison with other programmes and agencies concerned with oceanographic data exchange, to ensure as much as possible, closer alignment of data structure and content. Sessions Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE) Ninth Session: Helsinki, Finland, 20-22 April 2002. (Chair: G. Reed) Eighth Session: Greenbelt, Maryland, USA, 13-17 March 2000 (Chair: N. Mikhailov) Seventh Session: Dublin, Ireland, 20-22 October 1997. (Chair: J.R. Keeley) Sixth Session: Geneva, Switzerland, 22-29 June 1994. (Chair: J.R. Keeley) Fifth Session: Bidston, United Kingdom, 14-17 July 1992. (Chair: Mr.T. Jones) Fourth Session: Ottawa, Canada, 11-15 July 1988 (Chair: M.T. Jones) Group of Experts on Format Development Third Session: Copenhagen, Denmark, 16-20 September 1985 (Chair: Mr. J. Crease, UK) Second Session: Wormley, UK, 7-10 June 1983 (Chair: Mr. J. Crease, UK) First Session: Washington DC, 8-12 September 1980 (Chair: Mr. J. Crease, UK) Membership (As per GETADE-IX) Greg Reed (Australia) Donald W. Collins (USA) Nickolay Mikhailov (Russian Federation) Lesley Rickards (UK) Edward Vanden Berghe (Belgium) Joint CMM-IGOSS-IODE Group of Experts on Oceanic Satellites and Remote Sensing (OSRS) Established: The (initially ad hoc) group was actually first established by the former CMM at its tenth session in Paris in 1989, which invited IGOSS and IODE to co-sponsor. IODE then established it through Recommendation IODE-XIV.2, 1992. WMO re-established it during CMM-XI in Lisbon in 1993, then abolished and replaced it by a rapporteur at CMM-XII in Havana in 1997. Its chairman was Jack Sherman of NOAA/NESDIS (who retired in 1997). Terms of Reference: Terms of Reference expanded through Recommendation IODE-XV.6 (Remote Sensing): complete the report on Ocean Remote Sensing Systems and Capabilities; identify contact points for access to remotely-sensed data both raw and in product form that can be widely distributed to Member States and regularly maintained and be a contribution to the MEDI system; consider the development of guidelines for the archive of remotely sensed products. This should consider the requirements for algorithm descriptions and detailed parameter settings; Sessions First Session: Paris, France, September 1994 GEBCDMEP Established: IODE-XVI (November 2000) through Recommendation IODE-XVI.4. Terms of Reference: Recommendation IODE-XVI.4 ESTABLISHMENT OF A GROUP OF EXPERTS ON BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA MANAGEMENT AND EXCHANGE PRACTISES The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the increasing importance of managing and archiving biological and chemical data, Noting the recent development of global research and monitoring programmes that focuses on issues such as climate change and ecosystem dynamics, and relies heavily on biological and chemical data, Recommends the formation of a Group of Experts on Biological and Chemical Data Management and Exchange Practices; Further recommends that the tasks of the Group of Experts should include: documenting the systems and taxonomic databases currently in use in various data centres; documenting the advantages and disadvantages of different methods and practices of compiling, managing and archiving biological and chemical data; developing standards and recommended practices for the management and exchange of biological and chemical data, including practices for operational biological data; encouraging data centres to compile inventories of past and present biological and chemical data holdings; encouraging data holders to contribute data to data centres for the creation of a global integrated oceanographic profile and plankton databases; Invites the IOC Governing Bodies to support this Group of Experts; Encourages IOC Member States to nominate experts having expertise in biological and chemical data management and exchange practices to the Group of Experts; Requests that the Group of Experts maintains close relations with GIPME, OSLR and other relevant programmes; Further requests that a progress report be submitted regularly to the IODE Officers and the IODE Committee. Sessions First Session: Silver Spring, MD, USA from 25-27 June 2002 (Chair: Dr. Edward Vanden Berghe) Membership Dr Humberto Gonzalez Estay (Chile) Dr. Gwenaelle Moncoiffe (UK) Dr Edward Vanden Berghe (elected Chair) (Belgium) Alexander Kouznetsov (Russian Federation) Mr Guo Fengyi (China) Prof.Dr. Makoto Terazaki (Japan) Mary Kennedy (Canada) Dr. Sydney Levitus (USA) Dr. Sunhild Wilhelms (Germany) Task Teams, Ad hoc Groups, Working Groups and Rapporteurs Especially during the period 1961-1975 when IODE was a Working Group, it established a large number of Task teams that had very specific objectives. These teams carried out their assigned task and then reported to the next Session of the Working Group. In many cases the Task Team was then disbanded. In other cases the Working Group established Ad hoc groups. Examples are: Ad hoc Group on format standardization (1966-1973 ) re-designated to Ad hoc group on format development (1973). This Group was replaced by the Group of Experts on Format Development (1979) see 3.1.1.3 Ad hoc Group on Catalogue of Bottom Samples (1968 -1970) re-designated to Ad hoc Group for development of Marine Geological/Geophysical Data Management (1970-1979 ), replaced by Rapporteur on development of geological and geophysical data (Resolution IODE-IX.2, 1979); replaced by Task Team on Exchange of Marine Geological and Geophysical Data (1983 - ) (resolution IODE-XI.6, 1984); Terms of reference revised through Resolution IODE-XII.3 (1986); Terms of Reference revised through Resolution IODE-XIII.1 (1990) Task Team on Inventories of Marine Data and Samples (1970-1973) Task Team on exchange of subsurface current data (continuous current velocities) (1970-1971) Task Team on Manual for non-real-time exchange and storage of IGOSS data (1970 - 1971) - Re-designated to Ad hoc Group on IGOSS Data Archiving and Exchange by IODE-VI (1971-1979) ; Ad hoc Group on Marine Pollution Data (1971- ), replaced by Rapporteur for Marine Pollution Data, replaced by Task Team on Marine Pollution Data Exchange (Resolution IODE-X.4, 1981) (1981-1986) Ad hoc Group on Exchange of Satellite and Airborne Sensed data (1971 - 1979) re-designated to Task Team for Airborne and Spaceborne Remotely Sensed Oceanographic Data (Recommendation IODE-IX.5, 1979); Renamed to Task team on Remotely Sensed Oceanographic Data through Resolution IODE-XII.7 (1986) with revised Terms of Reference; Terms of Reference revised through Resolution IODE-XIII.3 (1990). Re-established as Ad hoc Group on Ocean Satellites and Remote Sensing, jointly with IGOSS and IODE (Recommendation IODE-XIV.2, 1992) Joint Task Team on interdisciplinary and interorganizational data and information management and referral (1971- 1975 ) Task Team on International Exchange of Biological Data (1971 1973); Established again as Task Team on Biological Data (1981- ) (Resolution IODE-X.5); renewed through Resolution IODE-XII.2 (1986) with revised Terms of Reference. Replaced by Ad Hoc Group of Rapporteurs on Marine Biological Data Management (established through Resolution IODE-XIV.3, 1992) Task Team on the Development of Arrangements for International Oceanographic Data Exchange (1971 Task Team for Establishing a National Oceanographic Data Centre (1973- ) Task Team on GARP Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) Data Management (1973- 1975) Task Team on Wave Data Management (1973-1979 ). Replaced by Rapporteur on Wave Data Management (Resolution IODE-IX.6, 1979), replaced by Task Team on Measured Wave Data Management (Resolution IODE-X.7, 1981) (1981 1986) Ad hoc Group on Marine Information Management (1975-1979) replaced by Rapporteur on Marine Information Management (Resolution IODE-IX.4, 1979) (1979-1981) Rapporteur on the Exchange of Biological Data (1979-1981), replaced by Task Team on Marine Biological Data (Resolution IODE-X.5, 1981) Task Team on Standard Criteria for Physical Oceanographic Data (1981) Task Team on IODEs Role in Information Management (1981- )(Resolution IODE-X.6, 1981) Task Team on Development of IODE Data Centre Services (1981 - ) Resolution IODE-X.8, 1981); Terms of Reference revised through Resolution IODE-XII.5 (1986) Task Team on Review of DNP/NOP Announcements (Established through Resolution IODE-X.9, 1981) (1981 - 1986) Task team on Ocean Data Management for Climate Studies (Established through Recommendation IODE-X.9, 1981) (and re-established through Resolution IODE-XI.7, 1983) (1983-1986) Task Team on Data on Non-Living Resources in the Oceans (Established through Recommendation IODE-X.10, 1981) Task Team for IODE/TEMA) (Resolution IODE-XI.8, 1984) (1983 1986) Rapporteur for the Banking of Marine Chemical Data (1986 - )( Established through Resolution IODE-XII.8, 1986) Task Team on Oceanographic Data Quality Control (1986 - ) (Established through Resolution IODE-XII.9). Terms of Refernce revised through Resolution IODE-XIV.5 (1992) Ad hoc Group of Rapporteurs on the Management of Chemical & Carbon Dioxide Data (Established through Resolution IODE-XIV.4, 1992) Ad hoc Strategy Sub-Commiteee to create additional collaborative linkages with other Global and Regional programmes in the field of marine data and information management and exchange (Established through Recommendation IODE-XV.3) (1996- ) Steering group for the establishment, maintenance and strengthening of co-operation between IODE and research and monitoring programmes (Established through Recommendation IODE-XV.3, 2000) (2000-2003) [should have been called Task Team] Inter-sessional Working Group to examin the future role of WDCs, RNODCs and NODCs (established through Resolution IODE-XVII.1, 2003) (2003- ) Ad hoc Working Group on the implications of GOOS and JCOMM Development on IODE (established through Resolution IODE-XVII.2, 2003) (2003- ) Steering Groups Steering Groups have been created by IODE (through relevant recommendations, adopted by the Assembly or Executive Council) to assist in the implementation of Projects. As such the Steering Groups are bodies with a finite lifespan and will not exceed the lifespan of the parent Project. Membership of Steering groups is kept small so as to ensure effectiveness. The membership is composed of individuals with specific technical expertise, beneficial to the project. Initial members are selected by the IODE Committee. Additional members can be selected by the Steering Group, once established. It is noted that the term Steering Group is not a formal denomination as described in the manual. It should therefore be seen as a project management group that is part of a project and that has no formal status as a subsidiary body of IODE. Description of the Steering Groups are listed under Projects THE IODE SYSTEM World Data Centres World Data Centres for Oceanography (WDC) receive oceanographic data and inventories from NODCs, RNODCs, marine science organizations, and individual scientists. These data are collected and submitted voluntarily from national programmes, or arise from international co-operative ventures. In general, the exchange of internationally significant data holdings and data inventory information between WDCs for Oceanography and their counterparts is expected to take place on a regular basis without charge in order to keep the data holdings of the Centres identical. On request, the WDCs provide copies of data, inventories and publications to NODCs/DNAs, to RNODCs and to international co-operative programmes, as appropriate, in exchange, or with a charge not to exceed the cost of providing the service. Another major responsibility of the WDCs for Oceanography is to monitor the performance of the international data exchange system and report their findings to the IOC Secretariat and the C-IODE. The Committee can use this information to take appropriate action to correct deficiencies in the international exchange system. There are currently 3 World Data Centres (Oceanography): WDC for Oceanography, Silver Spring WDC for Oceanography, Obninsk WDC for Oceanography, Tianjin Note: In 1999, the method of naming WDCs was modified to remove the -A, -B, -C, and -D references. World Data Centers are now referenced by the type of center without reference to the country operating the center, i.e. WDC for Glaciology. If there is more than one WDC for a discipline, the name of the city where the WDC resides is appended, i.e. WDC for Glaciology, Boulder In addition IODE collaborates with the WDCs Marine Geology and Geophysics (MGG) For more information on the WDC system visit  HYPERLINK "http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html" \t "_blank" http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html The information below was sourced from  HYPERLINK "http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html" http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/wdc/wdcmain.html THE WORLD DATA CENTRE FOROCEANOGRAPHY, SILVER SPRING, MD, UNITED STATES Mr Sydney Levitus, DirectorTel: +1 301 713 3294WDC for OceanographyFax: +1 301 713 3303NOAA/NODC E/OC51315 East-West HighwaySILVER SPRING MD 20910-3282U.S.A.Internet:  HYPERLINK "mailto: slevitus@nodc.noaa.gov" slevitus@nodc.noaa.govWWW Home Page:  HYPERLINK "http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-dataexch/NODC-wdca.html" http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-dataexch/NODC-wdca.html  Maintained by: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The WDC for Oceanography, Silver Springs is operated by, and collocated with, the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC). Summary of Data Held: A variety of oceanographic sets, collected during international projects and routine observational programs. Examples are: International Geophysical Year: IGY and IGC oceanographic data 1957-1959. International projects: Data from the Tropical Atlantic (ICITA), Indian Ocean (IIOE) Programs, and the first GARP Global Experiment (FGGE). Data sets from Climate Research Programs (TOGA, WOCE, and JGOFS). Routine observations: Data from fixed stations and ship cruises since 1900; Nansen cast and salinity/temperature/depth (STD/CTD) data, bathythermo-graph data, biological data, current measurements. User Services: Open to visitors during normal working hours. Advance notice is recommended. NODC data processing facilities and data management services are available to users of the WDC-USA. Data Publications: Annual reports of Oceanographic Data Exchange data catalog to 1975, with Change Notices from 1975 onward; Accessioned Publications, 1957-1967 with biennial supplements; data reports and special catalogs for international oceanographic programs. Data Products: Time Series Data Sets for the World's Oceans. Responsible National Oceanographic Data Center (RNODC) data sets for Integrated Global Ocean Services System (IGOSS), FGGE operational year, Drifting Buoy Data, Southern Oceans WOCEUpper Ocean Thermal Data Set, World Ocean Atlas 1994 (atlases and CDs), Atlas of Surface Marine Data 1994 (atlases and CDs). WORLD DATA CENTER FOR OCEANOGRAPHY, OBNINSK, RUSSIAN FEDERATION Dr Vyacheslav I. Smirnov, DirectorTel: +7 08439 25 925WDC for OceanographyFax: +7 095 255 22256 Korolev StrOBNINSKKALUGA REGION 249020RUSSIAInternet:  HYPERLINK "mailto: wdcb@meteo.ru" wdcb@meteo.ruWWW Home Page:  HYPERLINK "http://www.meteo.ru" http://www.meteo.ru/  Maintained by: Federal Service of Russia for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment. Summary of Data Held: Data from 15,771 research vessel cruises from 64 countries (including former Soviet Republics). These contain data from over 1,090,000 oceanographic stations, 565,000 bathythermograph profiles, 25,000 CTD profiles, and 4,000 deep sea and surface current meters for 1890-1994. The data are in the form of magnetic tapes, diskettes, CDROMs, and hard copies. Data can be transferred in standard formats to diskettes and magnetic tapes. Long term data series and quality controlled global and regional data sets are available. User Services: The WDC-Russia provides copies of data and information products, information on incoming data; use of library, e-mail, fax and post. Publications: Catalogs of data and information, annual reports of WDC-Russia activities and prospects. WORLD DATA CENTER FOR OCEANOGRAPHY, TIANJIN, CHINA Prof Hou Wenfeng, Director (1)Tel: +86 22 430 5213WDC for OceanographyFax: +86 22 430 4408National Marine Data and Information ServiceState Oceanic Administration93 Liu Wei Road, Hedong DistrictTIANJIN 300171CHINAInternet:  HYPERLINK "mailto: houwf@bepc2.ihep.ac.cn" houwf@bepc2.ihep.ac.cn(1): is now Prof. Lin Shaohua (Assistant Director-General) Maintained by: State Oceanographic Administration, collocated with National Oceanographic Data and Information Center. Summary of Data Held: Data from domestic and international marine research projects, ships of opportunity, marine research vessels and offshore platforms: Oceanographic station data Ocean current data Wave data from coastal stations T and S data Cruise and data report of China-U.S.A. Joint Air-Sea Interaction: studies in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean Oceanographic observations at coastal stations, 1960-1982 Marine geophysical data Side analysing marine sediments data Marine geochemical data Marine meteorological data from coastal stations Marine ice data Oceanic manganese nodule data Marine biological data Marine pollution data User Services: Computer readable data and products on magnetic tape and/or disks are available. Publications: Pacific Oceanographic Atlas, Atlantic Oceanographic Atlas, Indian Ocean Oceanographic Atlas, China-Japan Joint Research Program on the Kuroshio Oceanographic Atlas, Cruise and Data Report on China-U.S.A. Joint Air-Sea Interaction, Studies in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean, Oceanographic Observations at Coast Station 1960-1978, Oceanographic observations 1954-1978, Oceanographic Standard Profiles 1960-1982, Tidal Current Table in China Sea, World and China Tide Tables, Oceanographic and Meteorological Observations at China Coast Stations 1960-1969. WORLD DATA CENTER FOR MARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, BOULDER, USA Dr George Sharman, DirectorTel: +1 303 497 6345WDC for Marine Geology and GeophysicsFax: +1 303 497 6513NOAA/NGDC Code E/GC3325 BroadwayBOULDER CO 80303U.S.A. Internet:  HYPERLINK "mailto: wdcmgg@ngdc.noaa.gov" wdcmgg@ngdc.noaa.govU.S.A. Internet:  HYPERLINK "mailto: gsharman@ngdc.noaa.gov" gsharman@ngdc.noaa.govWWW Home Page:  HYPERLINK "http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/wdcmgg" http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/wdcmgg  Maintained by: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The WDC for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Boulder is operated by, and collocated with, the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC). Summary of Data Held: WDC for MGG, Boulder manages all types of data from the ocean floor including descriptions and analyses of seafloor samples, deep drilling data, underway geophysical measurements, and derived gridded data sets including total sediment thickness of the world oceans. Other data types include coastlines and plate boundaries. Geophysical data include bathymetry, gravity, and magnetics, and single- channel and multi-channel sub-bottom profiles collected on more than 4,000 oceanographic surveys covering millions of km from the world's oceans. Bathymetric data include i) underway bathymetric measurements (including multibeam data); ii) gridded bathymetric data for the world's oceans based on compilations by the U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office and; iii) hydrographic sounding in U.S. waters. WDC for MGG also offers gridded total sediment thickness data from ocean basins and sidescan sonar image data. Geologic data are available for over one hundred thousand cores, grabs, dredges, and drill samples covering most of the world's oceans. Data include i) faunal counts; ii) geochemical measurements such as carbon and isotope data, trace metal analyses of sediment, and major-element analyses of rocks; iii) physical properties of sediment, including particle size and geotechnical properties such as vane shear and density; iv) visual descriptions; v) paleomagnetics; vi) downhole logging data and; vii) marine minerals data. Data are contributed by sources from around the world and were originally collected for a variety of purposes, including academic research, international and interdisciplinary scientific projects, commercial mineral resource evaluations, defense, and government environmental baseline studies. User Services: The WDC for MGG is located in the David Skaggs Building at 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado. Visitors are welcome during normal working hours; advance notice is recommended. A visiting scientist program exists. Data processing, copying and analysis facilities are available. Data are available on most media including CD-ROM, via Internet, and other media on request. On-line access via Worldwide Web (URL address above), Gopher (gopher.ngdc.noaa.gov) and anonymous FTP (ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov). Login for FTP access is userid: anonymous, and password: your full e-mail address. WDC for MGG inventories are fully searchable via the WWW and many CD-ROM and other databases are available for on-line searching and data download. Publications: WDC for MGG publication series color images, data reports, and scientific reports of interest to the MGG community. Special Projects: WDC for MGG participates in the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) technical committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE), the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), regional IOC mapping projects, and cooperates extensively with the International Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), for which it operates a parallel data archive. WORLD DATA CENTER FOR MARINE GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, GELENDZHIK Dr. V.S.Shcherbakov, DirectorTel: +7 095 192 80 18WDC for Marine Geology and GeophysicsFax: +7 095 192 96 98Krasnogvardeiskaya 38GELENDZHIK 353470RUSSIAInternet:  HYPERLINK "mailto:%20wdcbmgg@gbdgi.ru" wdcbmgg@gbdgi.ru  HYPERLINK "mailto:vshcher@gbdgi.ru" vshcher@gbdgi.ru WWW Home Page:  HYPERLINK "http://www.gbdgi.ru/cmgd/index.htm" http://www.gbdgi.ru/cmgd/index.htm (Russian only, english translation in development - 1/2000) Maintained by: UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Government of Russian Federation (State Property Committee), Russian Federation Committee on Geology and Use of Mineral Resources, Ministry of Science and Technological Policy, Geophysical Committee of Russian Academy of Science, International Informatization Academy (UN). The WDC-Russia is collocated with the National Marine Geological and Geophysical Data Center. Summary of Data Held: Metadata Base (5 files, 179 parameters, 2265 cruises). Geology (27 files, 915 parameters, 320 cruises). Geological stations (3 files, 72 parameters, 1026 cruises, 63700 geological sampling stations). Deep Sea Drilling Project (33 files, 433 parameters, 96 cruises, 1112 holes). Bathymetry (4 files, 3 parameters, 64 Mb). Ocean Drilling Program (20 files, 462 parameters, 29 cruises, 409 holes). GEOphysical DAta System (2 files, 81 parameters, 4158 cruises). Shore Line (6 files, 6 scales to 1:50,000, 79 Mb). Collections (20 collections of geological samples, thin sections, bottom photos, TV survey, microfilms of seismic, side scan sonar and seismoacoustic profiles, seismic primary records on magnetic media). GIS data and maps (scales 1:2,500,000-1:100,000) for geology, geotechnical properties, hydrogeology and ecology of Black Sea region. User Services: Preparing and disseminating data bulletins, information, collections and data sources; data of databases; specimens of sediments, rocks and copies of nondigital data collections and sources of data; scientific products. Regular training for marine geological and geophysical data collection and management. Publications: Bulletins of MGG data, information, collections and data sources. Track lines of geophysical profiles and positions of geological/geochemical data on worldwide charts. Instructions and standards for data collection, processing and holding. Training Courses programs and reports. Digital maps. Monographs, scientific papers and reports. RNODC Responsible National Oceanographic Data Centres are National Oceanographic Data Centres who have accepted additional special responsibilities. These can include specific data types (e.g. Drifting Buoys data) or specific regions (e.g. Western Pacific Ocean) . The following is a list of current RNODCs (as per IODE-XVII) RNODC-SOC (Southern Oceans): Argentina RNODC for Drifting Buoys Data : Canada RNODCS for MARPOLMON : Japan, USA and Russian Federation RNODC for IGOSS (BATHY and TESAC) : Japan, USA and Russian Federation RNODC for WESTPAC : Japan RNODC for JASIN : United Kingdom RNODC Waves: United Kingdom RNODC-ADCP : Japan RNODC-INDO: India Below we provide an overview of all IODE RNODCs, created (and dissolved) between 1961 and 2003. RNODC-FORMATS Established: through Recommendation IODE-X.4 (1981); Location: Service Hydrographique, ICES, Denmark Terms of Reference: act as an archive centre for international mar ine envirormental data formats, maintaining a full set of documentation on all such formats; act as an archive centre for code tables for GF-3 and code tables for all other international archival formats, and for external code tables (e. g ., taxonomic codes, chemical substances codes,. etc.) . The RNOOC would maintain references to all such code tables; manage the expansion of the existing GF-3 paraneter code table as necessary under the guidance of the Working Committee on IODE (through its Group of Experts on Format Development or its successor) and to provide a focal point to which user requirements for new paraneter codes may be directed; maintain user aids for GF-3, including a programme library for processing of GF-3, guidance notes and user guides, docunentation of standard and experimental sub-sets of GF-3, and sample data tapes of GF-3 sub-sets; function as a centre for services to other centres in IOC and ICES Member States in such GF-3 matters as responses to requests for information about, or copies of, items mentioned above; prepare a report to the Working Committee, through its Group of Experts on RNODCs, together with an annual newsletter for distribution to National Co-ordinators for IODE, National Oceanographic Data Centres, and other interested parties, such as WMO, ECOR, SCOR, highlighting new developnents in GF-3 and including an updated inventory of the documents, prograrmes, tapes, formats and code tables available; work closely with the Group of Experts on Format Developnent to ensure the provision of expert knowledge on formats to other centres, including WDCs-A and -B (all disciplines) and subsidiary bodies of WMO, IOC and other international organizations and in the proIIDtion of GF-3 as an exchange format. The provision of expert knowledge will be assured in fields covering (i) guidance in the uses of GF-3, (ii) assistance to developing countries with the development of national formats compatible with GF-3; (iii) assistance to developing data centres and countries in collaboration with other RNODCs, in converting data into GF-3; Abolished: IODE-XVII (2003) (para. 57 of the Summary Report) RNODC Southern Ocean (RNODC SOC): Established: through Recommendation IODE-XX.II.1 (RNODC Southern Ocean (SOC)) (1986) Operated by: NODC of Argentina (28 August 1987; Terms of reference as modified last in 1998) receive, control the quality and store in standard format the physical and chemical data obtained by the international scientific community from cruises and research programmes carried out in the Southern Oceans, and distribute on request the information contained in such files; co-operate closely with WDCs-Oceanography, sending regular shipments (at least once a year) free of charge of complete sets of physical and chemical data stored on magnetic tape and in GF3, inventories, data summaries and other data products related to the physical and chemical data from the Southern Oceans; assist the World Data Centres by sending copies to them of any ROSCOP forms submitted to the RNODC-SOC. at present, the responsibility of the Center is not limited to a particular geographical area or data types within the Southern Oceans. However, if new offers are submitted to the Committee by other appropriate National Oceanographic Data Centres willing to act as RNODC-SOC for specific geographical areas or data types, the Committee may examine such offers to determine whether they would be compatible with responsibilities of the RNODC-SOC in Argentina. RNODC for Development of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiling (ADCP) (Ship Mounted) Data Management (RNODC ADCP) Established: through Resolution IODE-XIII.2 (1990) Operated by: NODC of Japan, JODC (since 1992) Terms of Reference: compile, evaluate and keep updated information on existing datasets held by member States already active in ADCP measurements; produce and keep updated a catalogue of ADCP users which will include information about ADCP instruments, related instrumentation (GSP, Loran, measurement of ship motion, etc.), procedures for averaging and sampling (temporal and spatial, vertical and horizontal), quality control methods, formats and product; in consultation with other NODCs, ICES and SCOR, establish and maintain standards and procedures for the reduction, quality control, archiving and exchange of ADCP data; assemble an archive of ADCP data received from other Member States so as to assess the effectiveness of the proposed standards and procedures; prepare guidelines concerning different performance characteristics and data documentation relevant to each instrument type in order to formulate adequate data documentation and quality control procedures; report on the progress of RNODC ADCP to the Group of Experts on RNODCs and Global programmes and to the IOC Committee on IODE. RNODC for Drifting Buoys Data: Established: 1 January 1986 (no formal IODE recommendation/Resolution) Operated by MEDS, Canada (since 1 January 1986) Terms of Reference Data flowing on the GTS are accumulated for one month when they are processed, quality controlled and updated in the final archival database; Once updated, the data from the database are made available to the scientific community. The data are kept in an index sequential file with special MEDS-written software for specific data input and output products; Data inventories and format description as well as information on processing algorithms and quality control will be shipped within 7 days of receipt of request, free of charge. Inventories and monthly maps showing drifting buoy trajectories are also available from MEDS web site; Data will be shipped on various computer media including exabyte tapes, computer diskettes in a variety of formats including GF-3 subset format for drifting buoy or comma separated data files within 10 working days of receipt of a request. Every data shipment will be accompanied with sufficient documentation to enable the user to read data files. The requestor will be asked to acknowledge receipt within 15 days of receiving the data. Mutual arrangements can be made to download or upload the data using ftp procedures; accumulated data are submitted each year to World Data Centre ?A? within 3 months at the end of the calendar year. All aspects of data submission to the WDCs are in accordance with IOC Manuals and Guides No.9; capability to produce data products from the data archive will be reviewed and developed as required. Tested data products will be made available to the users on a request basis; activities reports will be submitted regularly to the Group of Experts on RNODCs and to the WC/IODE; other reports will be produced on a demand basis to other scientific groups including the Data Buoy Co-operation Panel and other international working groups on drifting buoys. More information on :  HYPERLINK "http://www.meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/meds/Prog_Int/RNODC/description_e.htm" http://www.meds-sdmm.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/meds/Prog_Int/RNODC/description_e.htm RNODCs for MARPOLMON Established: 1987 Operated by NODCs of Japan and the Russian Federation (3 May 1987) Note: Both USA and Russian Federation informed the Committee at IODE-XVII that they have ceased their RNODC-MARPOLMON activities. Terms of Reference: Bearing in mind the Recommendations of the IOC Scientific Committee for the Global Investigation of Pollution in the Marine Environment, adopted at its Sixth Session (Paris, 25 September - 1 October 1986), on the regional relevance to marine pollution management activities, RNODC-MARPOLMON have been established in Japan, for the WESTPAC region and in the Russian Federation for the Atlantic, Mediterranean and Baltic Seas, with the following terms of reference. A. Referral The RNODC-MARPOLMON will: Provide a referral capacity to worldwide holdings of marine pollution data. B. Access The RNODC-MARPOLMON will be expected to demonstrate: a capability and willingness to perform automated data processing functions for marine pollution data; a willingness to accept marine pollution data which may not be received in automated form, and to convert them to such a form; a capability for performing quality control (format checks and/or environmental); a capability to work with discipline-oriented codes (biological and chemical); a capability for converting marine pollution data to GF3 format or other internationally recognized format. C. Products The RNODC-MARPOLMON will: provide copies of processed data to World Data Centres A and B (Oceanography); provide machine listings and simple statistics of marine pollution data; produce graphics of marine pollution data, for the use of concerned Member States. D. Training The RNODC-MARPOLMON will conduct formal or informal training sessions for data centre personnel involved in the programme and who actively submit marine pollution data. Expenses of trainees will not however, be borne by the RNODC concerned. Selection of trainees will be jointly arranged by IOC and the RNODC. RNODCs for IGOSS (BATHY and TESAC) Established: 1979 (no formal Recommendation or Resolution) Operated by NODCs of Japan, the USA and the Russian Federation. acquire BATHY, TESAC datasets and sub-surface temperature data from drifting and moored buoys from IGOSS Specialized Oceanographic Center (SOC) for area of responsibility; apply supplementary quality control to acquired data and provide services to users after 30 days from receipt of that data; archive, and make available to users, selected data products from SOCs and analysis centres; acquire non-operational BATHY, TESAC and sub-surface temperature data from drifting and moored buoys and/or datasets for area of responsibility; apply quality control of non-operational data, prepare integrated datasets and provide services to users; provide for exchange of IGOSS data in GF-3 format with other RNODCs or to other users as requested ; maintain a database and inventories for areas of responsibility; prepare products based on operational and non-operational IGOSS data, as appropriate; transmit to the WDCs annually datasets in GF-3 format, inventories and selected data products; prepare summary and BATHY, TESAC and sub-surface temperature from drifting and moored buoys database plots and transmit to the IOC Secretariat every 15 August and 15 February for data received during the previous 6 months; participate in efforts to monitor data flow; participate as feasible in IOC training programmes; provide for exchange of documentation and software regarding quality control and processing procedures, with other RNODCs, as possible. RNODC - WESTPAC Established: 24 February 1979 Operated by NODC of Japan Terms of Reference: Produce a work plan to define: i) the procedures of JODC in acquiring, processing, reformatting and archiving, distribution of data and inventory of research cruises in the WESTPAC region with reference to the WDC system, and ii) the implementation of this work plan; Provide a mechanism for registration of WESTPAC cruises with RNODC-WESTPAC; Work closely with National Co-ordinators for IODE and any other national contact points for data management within WESTPAC who might be appointed by Member States; Publish a guide for WESTPAC data management for distribution to Member States through national contact points. RNODC- JASIN Established: 17 October 1985 Operated by BODC, UK Terms of Reference: The JASIN project was an intensive study, conducted during 2 months in 1978 in the North Rockall Trough, of the atmospheric and ocean boundary layer to observe the structure of the layer and its interaction with the large scale motions of the sea and air. More than 50 teams of investigators from 9 countries participated, using 14 ships and 3 aircraft, and deploying 35 mooring systems. Approximately, 20 different types of oceanographic and meteorological data make up the 44 datasets planned for inclusion in the project archive. These include wave spectra, moored and drifting current meter data, vertical current profiles, temperature data (atmosphere and sea surface), thermistor chain data, data from conductivity/ temperature/depth type instruments (for example, CTDs, XBTs, water bottles, towed thermistors), meteorological data from surface ship/buoys, tethered balloons, aircraft and radio sondes and heat and moisture flux data. The importance now attached to a more complete scientific understanding of the large scale processes controlling the global circulations of the oceans and atmosphere systems gives a particular value to detailed observations of air-sea interaction processes such as those in the JASIN project. The intensive observation period of the project also lay within the brief active observing life of the pioneering SEASAT microwave ocean observation satellite. The use of the 2 datasets in combination has proved extremely fruitful. In order to establish the JASIN project archive, the RNODC is established to acquire copies of the datasets, to screen them for corruption or major errors, collating the necessary data documentation, and to convert them into the IOC GF-3 format for international oceanographic data exchange. Once the preparation of the archive is complete, an inventory will be produced describing its contents. The RNODC will provide copies of project datasets in GF-3 format in response to inquiries received through the IODE system. A number of the datasets are already available; others will be made available as and when their archival is completed. Note: During IODE-XVII the Committee was informed that the RNODC-JASIN will cease to exist when the production of a CD-ROM with JASIN data has been completed. RNODC - INDO Established: through Recommendation IODE-XV.1 (1996). RNODC-INDO established in 1998. Operated by NODC of India Terms of Reference: actively acquire, quality control and store in standard format the physical, chemical, biological, marine geological and marine geophysical data obtained from the declared National Oceanographic Programmes (NOP), research programmes and other data collection activities in the Indian Ocean (INDO); distribute on request data and information to the users and provide services to the user community; co-operate closely with WDCs, Oceanography and WDCs, MGG sending shipments of complete datasets on magnetic media in GF3 format, inventories, data summaries and in other data products from the Indian Ocean (INDO) in accordance with IODE procedures; submit the ROSCOP forms to World Data Centres as and when received by RNODC; maintain databases and inventories; exchange documentation and software regarding quality control and processing procedures with other RNODCs, WDCs and NODCs; conduct formal or informal training sessions for data experts from the region; work closely with the relevant IOC regional bodies IOCINDIO and IOCINCWIO in the execution of and support for regional programmes; report regularly the progress of RNODC to the IODE Officers meetings and to the sessions of the IOC Committee on IODE. RNODC-Waves Established: February 1977 (following steering committee meeting Paris, February 1977) Location: IOS/MIAS, UK The Director of RNODC-Waves informed IODE XV of the decision to terminate the activities of this centre due to the changes of focus in the national centre activities. He noted that originally the main responsibility was to set up an international inventory of wave measurements sites worldwide. This responsibility has been successfully implemented in the beginning of the 1980's and very little work has been done to update the inventory since then. Terms of Reference: Compile comprehensive inventories of instrumented wave data, using a standard reporting from and a worldwide community national co-ordinators for wave data. Bank wave data values for remote-sensed satellite altimeter wave data and produce data products at level-2 and above. Assist the WDCs, Oceanography through production of a world catalogue of instrumental wave data and forward data to the WDCs where these are held. Provide services to users which include advice on wave data management, on wave data products, and on specialized data products derived from Remote Sensed data; sales of the world data catalogue. Prepare a report and work closely with the Technical Committee on IODE, through its Group of Experts on RNODCs and Climate Data Services highlighting new developments and ensuring the provision of expert knowledge on instrumented and Remote Sensed satellite wave data to the data centres, PIANC, subsidiary bodies and other international organizations. NODC/ DNA A National Oceanographic Data Centre (NODC) is a centralized facility for providing on a continuing basis ocean data/information in a usable form to a wide user community. This facility acquires, processes, quality controls, inventories, archives and disseminates data in accordance with national responsibilities. In addition to disseminating data and data products nationally, NODCs are normally charged with the responsibility for conducting international exchange. Some Member States, that have not established an NODC, have instead officially assigned the responsibility of international exchange of oceanographic data and information to some other agency within the Member State. These agencies are referred to as Designated National Agencies (DNAs). With regard to international exchange the most fundamental responsibility of the NODC within the IODE is to actively seek and acquire from national sources those data which are exchangeable internationally, and to process and quality control the data and submit them in a timely fashion to the appropriate WDC for Oceanography or RNODC. In return, the NODC can request and receive from the WDCs for Oceanography or RNODCs similar data or inventory information which they need for their own requirements. During the past 40 years, the IODE system has developed into a global network of over 60 data centres in as many countries. The below figure shows the location of the NODCs (National Oceanographic Data Centres) and DNAs (Designated National Agencies) (2002)  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://ioc.unesco.org/iode/images/upload/NODC_map.gif" \* MERGEFORMATINET  The table below lists all IODE National Coordinators. Countries that have established an NODC or DNA are displayed in bold. Total Number of Member States with IODE National Coordinator(s): 80 Total Number of IODE National Coordinators: 82 (Belgium and South Africa have 2 data centres each) Total Number of countries with IODE National Coordinator but without data centre: 18 Total Number of NODCs or DNAs: 64 Country Type Date established Argentina NODC 1974 Australia NODC 1964 Barbados - - Belgium Fed NODC 2000 Belgium Fl NODC 2000 Belize - - Benin NODC 2002 Brazil NODC 1971 Bulgaria NODC 1985 Cameroon NODC 2001 Canada NODC ? Chile NODC 1968 China NODC 1979 (also hosts WDC-D) Colombia NODC 1969 Comores - - Costa Rica NODC 1979 Cte dIvoire - - Croatia DNA 1996 Cuba - - Cyprus NODC 1997 Denmark NODC 1997 Ecuador NODC 1975 Egypt NODC 1971 Finland DNA 1960 France NODC 1971 Gabon - - Georgia DNA 2000 Germany NODC 1967 Ghana NODC 2002 Greece NODC 1986 Guatemala - - Guinea NODC 1990 Iceland - - India NODC 1964 Iran, IR of NODC 1995 Iraq - - Ireland NODC 1993 Israel NODC 2001 Italy NODC 2002 Japan NODC 1965 Kenya NODC 1996 Korea, Rep. NODC 1987 Korea, DPR - - Madagascar NODC 2000 Malaysia DNA 1994 Malta - - Mauritania NODC 2000 Mauritius NODC 2000 Mexico - - Morocco - - Mozambique NODC 2000 Netherlands NODC 1997 Nigeria NODC 1990 Norway NODC 1972 Pakistan NODC 1962 Peru NODC 1984 Philippines - - Poland - - Portugal NODC 1986 Romania NODC 1970 Russia NODC 1964 (also WDC-B) Senegal DNA 2002 Seychelles NODC 1997 South Africa1 NODC 1977 South Africa2 NODC 2001 Spain NODC 1968 Sri Lanka NODC 1996 Sweden DNA 1971 Switzerland - - Tanzania DNA 1971 Togo NODC 2001 Tunisia NODC 2001 Trinidad & - - Tobago Turkey NODC 1993 Ukraine NODC 1993 UK NODC 1968 USA NODC 1961 (also WDC-A) Uruguay - - Venezuela NODC 1985 Viet Nam NODC 1990 THE FUTURE TOLE OF WDCs, RNODCs and NODCs During its Seventeenth Session the Committee noted that the rapid changes in technology, changed user needs and capacity of many science programmes and even users to host their own data on the Internet, posed challenges for the WDCs (as well as for all other IODE and ICSU data centres). It was recognized that the wide variety of data sources on the Internet created confusion to users noting that a simple search in web search engines such as Google or Alta Vista is easier to perform and resulted in many more hits than searching through the specialized WDC web sites and catalogues. Users did not necessarily appreciate that data obtained from the WDCs were fully quality controlled and carried the seal of quality of the WDC/IODE system. The Committee had further reiterated the importance of the WDCs as long-term archives of quality controlled oceanographic data, but stressed the need to develop appropriate tools for easy user access to the data. The Committee also called for the WDCs to jointly consider the important issue of duplicates and version control (data registration). A discussion then followed on how well the WDCs, NODCs, RNODCs and DNAs collectively meet the needs of IODEs current data management requirements, which are very different from when IODE was established. A particular concern was providing timely access to integrated data for operational oceanography while ensuring the long-term archival of known quality and known version. During IODE-XVII, the Committee recalled that, at its 16th Session, it had strongly endorsed the need for the expansion of the RNODCs network to meet new demands and had supported the need to strengthen the effectiveness of RNODCs. The Committee recalled that it had recommended the implementation of the following actions: (i) all RNODCs should examine their Terms of Reference and make proposal for modification, if appropriate; (ii) RNODCs accept a leading role for the creation of metadata directories at the regional level; (iii) RNODCs should keep close contacts with the scientists and scientific programmes in order to identify data and information requirements and to provide necessary services for the development of marine science in the region; (iv) RNODCs should take a co-ordinating role in the discovery of data that are not yet available in the IODE system; and (v) RNODCs should develop value-added data and information products to meet the requirements of regional scientific research projects. The Committee noted that no progress had been reported on the above. Accordingly the Committee had adopted Resolution IODE-XVII.1: Resolution IODE-XVII.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTER-SESSIONAL WORKING GROUP TO EXAMINE THE FUTURE ROLE OF WDCS, RNODCS AND NODCS Noting the changing user needs of the scientific research, operational forecasting and assessment communities for historical and real-time oceanographic data, Further noting the impact of rapidly changing technology on the acquisition, processing and dissemination of oceanographic data, Recognizing the impact on IODE of the emergence of global and regional operational oceanographic capabilities now emerging through activities such as JCOMM, GOOS, and other programs, Decides to establish an inter-sessional working group to examine present and future roles for WDCs, RNODCs, and NODCs (the centres) to: Review and summarize present and planned capabilities and functions of the centres. Provide a synopsis of anticipated needs, taking into account: Changing user needs; Changes brought about by the extensive use of the internet and other technological changes; The needs of IODE, JCOMM, and GOOS, Compare and note where present and planned capabilities of the centres are meeting or contributing to meeting the challenges in 2, and identify where significant opportunities exist for meeting gaps, and where unresolved remaining gaps exist. Of particular importance are: How the centres are evolving to a broader role while maintaining the essential core functionalities that are provided today; Documenting centre capabilities (both present and planned) with attention to unique capabilities (e.g., thematic basic services: discovery, archiving, quality control, access, distribution, etc); Recommended roles of the centres in responding to operational oceanographic services, Recommends that the Group will be composed of the IODE Officers, and the Chair of the ICSU Panel on World Data Centres, Instructs the Group to report their findings not later than February 2004 to the IODE Review team. COOPERATION WITH OTHER PROGRAMMES/ORGANIZATIONS GOOS The first mention of cooperation with GOOS was made in Resolution IODE-XIX.1 (Role of IODE in GOOS and GCOS): Resolution IODE-XIV.1 ROLE OF IODE IN GOOS AND GCOS The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data & Information Exchange, Noting: the decisions of the IOC Assembly to initiate the development of a Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) and relevant recommendations of the Second World Climate Conference and the UNCED that support this initiative of IOC to be undertaken in co-operation with WMO, ICSU, UNEP and other international organizations; that the GOOS climate module will provide the ocean component of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) as a joint effort of WMO, ICSU, IOC & UNEP; that GOOS will be built upon existing ocean observing and data management systems such as IGOSS, GLOSS, IODE, WWW & MARPOLMON (GIPME), e.g., by strengthening and accelerating their implementation as well as upon progressive implementation of new elements and capabilities; that GOOS will be updated and improved in response to the results of research programmes such as TOGA, WOCE, JGOFS and to the development of new technology. Considering: that the IODE system represents an established and successful international mechanism for the delayed-mode exchange and management of oceanographic data based upon internationally accepted formats and procedures; that the Joint IGOSS/IODE Global Temperature and Salinity Pilot project (GTSPP) has already developed procedures for the merging and quality control of operational and delayed mode oceanic data in support of global ocean research and global climate studies. Recommends: that the IOC Committee on IODE should work with the Joint GOOS Technical and Scientific Committee in designing and planning the oceanographic data and information management elements of GOOS; that the IOC Committee on IODE collaborate with GOOS, the ICSU Panel on WDCs and the Directors of WDCs, Oceanography to identify the resources, funding base, and the support needed to provide appropriate data management capabilities to handle oceanographic data sets needed by GOOS & GCOS. Invites the Directors of NODCs to consult with their funding agencies and national committees for GOOS & GCOS to ensure that their resources are adequate to support the operation of GOOS & GCOS. ICSU Cooperation with ICSU is documented under WDCs. ICES Cooperation with ICES consists of the RNODC-FORMATS (terminated IODE-XVII) and the ICES-IOC Study Group on the Development of Marine Data Exchange Systems using XML (SGXML). JCOMM Close collaboration between JCOMM and IODE was established as from JCOMM-I. Several references were made by JCOMM-I to the IODE Programme and its projects. REFERENCES TO IODE IN JCOMM-I ON GTSPP, JCOMM SAID: 7.2.3 The Commission recognized with appreciation that, over the 10 years of operation, the GTSPP had accomplished a number of things including improved quality control, better data monitoring, improved data availability, and enhanced cooperation between data centres and scientific organizations. Because of the advancements made, the end-to-end data system which the GTSPP represented had been adopted by WOCE and SOOPIP and had been recognized as part of GOOS. The Argo programme would also be heavily influenced by GTSPP through the ideas incorporated and participants of groups involved in the GTSPP. Through contributions to Argo and elsewhere, GTSPP was expected to contribute to CLIVAR. The GTSPP was being continually reviewed and changes were made to improve performance, and support other clients. Consideration was presently being given to improved efficiencies in quality assessment and providing better access to information about GTSPP and to its data holdings. 7.2.4 The Commission agreed that continuing oversight of real-time temperature and salinity profile data, in concert with IODE, was an essential task of the Commission. 7.2.6 For the specific case of the IODE sea surface salinity pilot project, the Commission requested the Data Management Coordination Group, through its Expert Team on Data Management Practices, to recommend a mechanism for effective participation.? ON IODE CAPACITY BUILDING (GENERAL),JCOMM SAID: 11.1.9 The Commission noted with appreciation the renewed Capacity Building programme of the IOC's IODE, based upon the development of a standard data and information management training curriculum (Ocean Teacher) and providing to Member States and integrated capacity building package including training, equipment and operational support (see item 11.2 and 11.3 respectively). ON OCEANTEACHER, JCOMM SAID: 11.2.6 The Commission was highly appreciative of the OceanTeacher system of IODE. The OceanTeacher system consisted of two modules: the IODE Resource Kit and the Training Manual. The IODE Resource Kit contained a range of marine data and information management materials such as software tools, quality control and analysis strategies, training manuals and relevant IOC documents. The Kit was divided into three major sections: ?The IODE Data Centre System? (what is a data centre, global programmes, science plans, data policy, reference library); Data Management Systems (computer systems, database technology, metadata, data collection, quality control, the internet, GIS); and Data Analysis & Products (formats, data, software, classroom, data products). The Training Manual was a collection of outlines, notes, examples and other documents that were used in conjunction with the Resource Kit to organize training activities such as training courses in marine data and information management. 11.2.7 The OceanTeacher system was available on CD-ROM and on-line through the URL  HYPERLINK "http://oceanteacher.org/" \t "_blank" http://oceanteacher.org . The data management modules were operational (and had been used during three regional training programmes), the information management modules would be available as from September 2001. Recognizing the importance of the system as a powerful and flexible capacity building tool, the IODE Committee, during its 16th Session (Lisbon, October-November 200) recommended the establishment of the IODE Resource Kit Pilot Project. This pilot project was supported by a Steering Group. The first Session of the Steering Group was held in Miami, USA in March 2001 where the core development team was composed. The IODE work plan identified the necessary funding for the further development and maintenance of the OceanTeacher system (2001-2003). 11.2.8 The modular structure of the OceanTeacher system allowed for the organization of training courses targeted at different audiences. Furthermore, specific data CDs, containing data sets relevant to the audience, were prepared for each training course. Whereas OceanTeacher was currently available in English only, the Pilot Project would also investigate the possibility to produce OceanTeacher in other languages. 11.2.9 The Commission welcomed the IODE?s OceanTeacher system, identifying it as an innovative and flexible tool for data and information management training. The Commission requested the Capacity Building Coordination Group to discuss with IODE the possibility to expand the scope of OceanTeacher to cater for JCOMM training requirements. ON ODINAFRICA, JCOMM SAID: 11.3.6 The Commission noted with appreciation the development of the Ocean Data and Information Network for Africa (ODINAFRICA). ODINAFRICA's maino ojectives were (i) to provide assistance with the development of National Oceanographic Data (and Information) Centres (NODCs), including infrastructure, and establish their networking in Africa; (ii) to provide training opportunities in ocean data and information management, applying standard formats and methodologies as defined by IODE; (iii) to assist with the development and maintenance of national, regional and Pan-African metadata, information and data holding databases; and (iv) to assist with the development of ocean data and information products responding to the needs of a wide variety of user groups using national and regional networks. The ODINAFRICA applied the IODE capacity building strategy linking training, equipment and operational support, providing computer infrastructure, organizing training courses (and follow-up support), and providing operational financial support (including Internet access). The project would also undertake an African GODAR sub-project focusing on rescuing and making available to Africa, ocean data collected in Africa. 11.3.7 The countries participating in the project were Benin, Cameroon, Comores, Cte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, United Republic of Tanzania, Togo and Tunisia. ODINAFRICA, which would operate between 2001 and 2004, was financially supported by the Government of Flanders (Kingdom of Belgium), IOC and the cooperating Member States. The project proposal was developed by the Member States based upon the success of the ODINEA (Ocean Data and Information Network for Eastern Africa), successfully implemented between 1998 and 2000 and leading to the establishment of seven NODCs or DNAs in the IOCINCWIO region. Following the success of the ODIN strategy in Africa, the IODE Committee, during its 16th Session, had recommended the development of the ?Ocean Data and Information Network for the Latin America and Caribbean regions? (ODINLAC). 11.3.8 The Commission was informed that, in order to ensure interaction with a broad range of user communities, the project maintained a web site ( HYPERLINK "http://odinafrica.org/" \t "_blank" http://odinafrica.org) and published a newsletter (WINDOW). Furthermore, to serve users beyond the traditional research community, ODINAFRICA had established links with the ICAM community. 11.3.9 The Commission expressed its appreciation for the ODINAFRICA project, that could serve as an operational model for JCOMM regional capacity building efforts and was compliant with the JCOMM Capacity Building Strategy. The Commission requested the Capacity Building Coordination Group to investigate with IODE possibilities to use the ODINAFRICA (and other existing or planned ODIN networks) network as a mechanism for relevant aspects of JCOMM regional capacity building. ON IODE IN GENERAL, JCOMM SAID: 12.3.1 The Commission recognized that, in the past, IODE had been a very close partner of IGOSS. It therefore welcomed the conclusions of the IOC Committee for IODE, at its sixteenth session (Lisbon, Portugal, 31 October-8 November 2000), that, from the IODE perspective, a constructive relationship should be established between IODE and JCOMM (in this regard reference is made to Agenda Item 16 where the Commission has included IODE in the membership of the JCOMM Management Committee). The Commission recognized there were many practical domains for cooperation between JCOMM and IODE and that these should be explored by the Data Management Coordination Group and IODE. Initial cooperation with IODE can focus on inter alia, the GTSPP (which had already been dealt with under agenda item 7.2); the management and final archival of relevant delayed mode ocean data; the metadata directory system for the tracking and location of marine data (MEDI) (see 12.3.2), the development of a marine XML (see Agenda Item 7.4), and on capacity building (see Agenda Item 11). 12.3.2 The Commission noted the recommendation of the IODE Committee that JCOMM use the IODE data networks for the management and final archival of relevant delayed mode ocean data. It further noted that such had been the IGOSS policy in the past and agreed that the establishment of JCOMM should not introduce significant changes in that policy. The Commission at the same time recalled the role of the MCSS in the international delayed-mode exchange and final archival of meteorological data (see agenda item 7.1). A general trend for the future was the integration of marine meteorological and oceanographic data and services, and data management was often the key to such integration. It therefore requested the Data Management Coordination Group to study the feasibility of, and possibilities for such integration, in close cooperation with IODE, GOOS, CBS and CCl. 12.3.3 Regarding the tracking and location of marine data, the Commission noted with satisfaction the successful development by IODE experts of the Marine Environmental Data Information Referral Catalogue (MEDI), a directory system for marine related datasets and data inventories. Following the encouraging success of the MEDI Pilot Project and software, the 16th Session of IODE had established the MEDI Programme and its Steering Group (that had met in Oostende, Belgium, 23-27 April 2001). In cooperation with NASA/GCMD the Programme continued the development of a user-friendly, yet sophisticated MEDI software and was now preparing a web-enabled version that will be available by August 2001. This version will strengthen the drive of IODE towards a decentralized data centre structure widening the scope of coverage as well as range of users of IODE. The Commission further noted that the GOOS Steering Committee, at its third session (Paris, May 2000), had also welcomed the software and requested it be used for GOOS data and information management. The Commission therefore requested the Data Management Coordination Group to review the status and capabilities of the software and make appropriate recommendations regarding its usage. IN TERMS OF JCOMM'S FUTURE OCEAN DATA MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES AND IODES INVOLVEMENT THEREIN, JCOMM SAID: 7.2.8 The Commission recognized that the overall needs for ocean data management were large and complex. It could not necessarily be expected that JCOMM, working with IODE would have all the expertise and capability to design and implement the needed systems. However, there would be a number of external agencies which could become part of data management system design teams and provide data management services when the systems were implemented. They could also provide centres that would carry out data processing and management services and would thus become associated with JCOMM and IODE as appropriate specialized data centres. 7.2.9 The Commission agreed that, now that initial data requirements for GOOS and GCOS were becoming better defined, JCOMM and IODE, in consultation with GOOS/GCOS, were in a better position to define responsibilities for the development and implementation of the end-to-end systems needed to manage these data. It recognized that, in general, scientific panels or design bodies would be responsible for the scientific aspects of the systems, scientific standards, user products, and the general requirements for end-to-end data management. JCOMM and IODE would then provide the data management aspects, integration of the flows, delivery of the various integrated data sets to the wide spectrum of users, in line with the model already developed by GTSPP and WOCE. 7.2.10 The Commission recognized that the initial emphasis in end-to-end ocean data management would necessarily be on physical data and those data for which JCOMM and IODE presently had experience. On the other hand, GOOS was beginning to elaborate requirements for and to deal with other types of ocean data, chemical and biological. This would necessitate some effort on the part of JCOMM and IODE to examine the requirements and begin to develop procedures and facilities to participate effectively in these aspects of GOOS, without redirecting effort from the existing systems. 7.2.11 The Commission agreed that development and implementation of effective end-to-end data management practices was a high priority. The Commission noted that the creation of an Expert Team in Data Management Practices provided an effective mechanism for addressing this high priority issue. The Commission recognized the continuing value of the GTSPP and commended it as a programme of the Expert Team on Data Management Practices, jointly with the IODE of IOC. Further, in consideration of the conclusions in paragraph 7.2.6, the Commission agreed that an urgent initial task was a review and assessment of the general requirements for end-to-end data management functions and that it was highly desirable to conduct this review in concert with the IODE of IOC. MEMBERSHIP OF IODE IN JCOMM SUBSIDIARY BODIES IODE is a member of the JCOMM Data Management Coordination Group and the JCOMM Expert Team on Data Management PracticesThe terms of reference of the Data Management Coordination Group are: The Data Management Coordination Group, in close collaboration with IODE and CBS subsidiary bodies and related experts, shall: Develop the strategy, initiate and oversee the implementation of the Data Management Programme Area; Identify, review, assess and recommend priorities and actions for the Data Management Programme Area; In concurrence with the co-presidents of JCOMM, establish and create Expert Teams, Task Teams, Pilot Projects and appoint Rapporteurs, as appropriate, to undertake the work of the Data Management Programme Area.; Ensure collaboration, appropriate coordination and liaison with data management bodies and other bodies; Ensure full integration and effective cooperation of data management activities within the Commission; Keep under review, assess and coordinate the adoption of appropriate new information technology; Establish and maintain cooperation with science programmes and assist with their data management activities, as appropriate; Provide advice and feedback to users of the Data Management Programme Area functions, both through the appropriate JCOMM Programme Area and directly; Promote the adoption of good Data Management practices within the Commission and with external partners. Membership. The Membership is selected to ensure an appropriate range of expertise and to maintain an appropriate geographical representation. PA/DM coordinator (chair); Chairs Expert Teams (2); 3 members with specific expertise in respectively Data Exchange Codes and Formats; Communications Systems for Data Exchange; and Data Flow Monitoring; 2 additional experts; Representative of IODE Additional experts may be invited as appropriate, with the concurrence of the co-presidents of the Commission and in general with no resources implications to JCOMM. The Terms of Reference of the Expert Team on Data Management Practices: The Expert Team on Data Management Practices, in close collaboration with IODE and CBS subsidiary bodies and related experts, shall: Develop, recommend, and implement principles and practices for an end-to-end data management system for JCOMM; Recommend best data management practices for adoption by JCOMM and other related/dependent activities, in particular for: Standards of metadata and formats, Quality control and data assembly, Data and product flow, Review and assess the effectiveness of data management practices, including integration and consideration of new techniques and approaches; Provide advice to the DM Coordination Group and other groups of JCOMM, as required, on data management practices; In concurrence with the co-presidents of the Commission, propose the establishment of projects and task teams as required and, if established, oversee them, including the GTSPP, in order to develop effective data management practices; Develop documentation and guidance material and promote the adoption of JCOMM data management practices; Liaise and collaborate with other groups as needed, to ensure access to required expertise, appropriate coordination and to avoid duplication. Membership. The Membership is selected to ensure an appropriate range of expertise and to maintain an appropriate geographical representation. Up to 9 experts, including the chairman, selected from Members/Member States, representative of the range of responsibilities of the Expert Team, in consultation with IODE, as appropriate. Representatives of JCOMM Programme Areas, and of other expert bodies may be invited as appropriate with the concurrence of the co-presidents of JCOMM , and with no resource implications to the Commission. Nick Mikhailov (Head, Russian National Oceanographic Data Centre) was nominated as Chairman of the Task Team. Nick is also a Member of GETADE. With regard to GETADE. the JCOMM Management Committee (during its Second Session ) had stated: 4.3.4.9 In view of the obvious duplication between the JCOMMs ETDMP, and the IODEs GETADE, the Committee requested the IODE Committee to consider merging its GETADE with ETDMP, (or suspending GETADE) (Action: co-presidents; deadline: IODE-XVII). It was stated that this would create an excellent opportunity for close cooperation between IODE and JCOMM in the field of ocean data management. It was further recommended that the funds allocated for organizing GETADE Sessions could be used for ETDMP Sessions thereby assuring annual rather than bi-annual Sessions (Action: Secretariat). This recommendation was followed up by IODE-XVII: as mentioned under 3.1.1.5, through Recommendation IODE-XVII.3 (2003) ,IODE XVII recommended that GETADE be merged with the JCOMM Expert Team on Data Management Practises (JCOMM-ETDMP) into JCOMM/IODE Expert Team on Data Management Practices (provided adoption by IOC-XXII). IODE Project Offices Established: Recommended by IODE-XVII through Recommendation IODE-XVII.4 (Establishment of the IODE Project Office): Recommendation IODE-XVII.4 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE IODE PROJECT OFFICE The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the emphasis on complementary collaborative agreements with other projects that deal with ocean data and information, including JCOMM and GOOS, and developments of global standards for ocean data and information exchange, Recognizing the considerable and widely appreciated expertise of the IODE programme in capacity building related to ocean data and information management, Considering the strong involvement and commitment of IODE in the Ocean Information Technology (OIT) project and the technical, infrastructural and management requirements ensuing, Noting the priorities set by the Committee for its capacity building programme during the next inter-sessional period that includes, inter alia: developing a two-track training programme based on basic and advance training curricula; organizing separate courses for data and information management; continuing the development and management of ODIN networks, including relevant training activities and electronic help desks; continuing the development of OceanTeacher with special emphasis on modules for GOOS and JCOMM, as well as on modules for introducing scientists to ocean data and information management; organizing teacher training courses, Further noting that the lack of sufficient bandwidth at UNESCO Headquarters is hampering the effectiveness of IODEs electronic communication mechanism, Strongly supports the establishment of an IODE Project Office, Acknowledging with appreciation the offer of the Government of Flanders and the City of Oostende to: host the IODE Project Office; provide substantial financial support covering utilities and broadband internet access; provide part-time secretarial and technical assistance through the Flemish Marine Institute, Noting with appreciation that the proposed Project Office will be co-located with the Flemish Marine Institute that hosts the Flanders Marine and Data Information Centre, Recommends that the offer of the Government of Flanders and the City of Oostende be accepted, Further recommends that the IODE Secretariat prepare, jointly with the IODE Officers, a business plan for the IODE Project Office, to be submitted, together with this Recommendation, to the IOC Assembly at its 22nd Session. Note: the detailed description of the proposed Office are documented in Document IOC/IODE-XVII/34, and a detailed Business Plan has been developed as Document INF-1187 (that has been circulated as an Information Document for IOC-XXII for Agenda Item 4.3.3). Note: as mentioned earlier another IODE Project Office was already established in Mombasa, Kenya to manage the implementation of the ODINAFRICA project (2001-2003). Continuation of this Office will be decided based upon the approval of a new phase of the project (ODINAFRICA-III), to be submitted to donors in October 2003. Note also that Guidelines for the Establishment of Decentralized Offices (Document IOC-XXII/2 Annex 6) have been drafted and will be considered by IOC-XXII. These will, if adopted, need to be applied for all existing and new project and other decentralized offices. IODE ACTIVITIES PROJECTS Global Temperature Salinity Pilot Project (GTSPP) Established: Through Recommendation IODE-XIII.4 (1990) Recommendation IODE-XIll.4 GLOBAL TEMPERATURE-SALINITY PILOT PROJECT (GTSPP) The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Noting Recommendation 4 (JC-IGOSS-V) of the Fifth session of the Joint IOC-WMO Working Committee on IGOSS on the development of GTSPP, Noting that the IOC Assembly at its Fifteenth Session welcomed the proposed GTSPP, Having reviewed the reports of the ad hoc Consultative meetings on the GTSPP held in Washington, USA (January 1989) and in Ottawa, Canada (July 1989), Recognizing the urgent need to meet the growing requirements for a global knowledge of ocean temperature and salinity distributions, Recognizing the need for timeliness and an improved reliability and completeness of data exchange, in particular for the needs of ocean components of the World Climate Programme, Having considered the Report and Recommendations of the lODE Workshop on Global Temperature Salinity Pilot Project (New York, USA, 15-16 January 1990), Having also reviewed the draft Project Plan and the Quality Control Manual for GTSPP presented at the workshop, Recommends that the IOC: approves the implementation of the GTSPP as an IODE-IGOSS pilot project according to the concepts described in the Draft Project Plan; invites WMO to endorse this recommendation; invites Member States, participating in lODE and IGOSS, to join the GTSPP; approves the initiation of the GTSPP in 1990 for an initial period of five years; urges Member States of IOC and WMO to support the GTSPP by improving and accelerating the exchange of ocean temperature and salinity data with GTSPP through the existing lODE and IGOSS channels; invites directors of international scientific programmes (such as TOGA and WOCE) to nominate points of contact, charged with encouraging and co-ordinating the dataflow between the programmes and GTSPP; approves the establishment of a Steering Group on GTSPP with the Terms of Reference and Proposed Composition shown in Annex 1 to this Recommendation; requests the Steering Group on the GTSPP, in collaboration with other IOC and WMO Member States, to proceed with further planning and implementation of the GTSPP; requests the Secretary IOC to publish as soon as possible the GTSPP Project Plan and the GTSPP Quality Control Manual, and to submit the manual to the Task Team on Data Quality Control Annex 1 to the Recommendation IODE-XIII.4 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE STEERING GROUP ON THE GTSPP complete development of the GTSPP Project Plan and Implementation Schedule following the principles described in the current draft. complete development of the GTSPP Quality control Manual. meet semi-annually at the expense of the participating countries to review the status of the implementation and further develop the GTSPP. actively promote the GTSPP and provide information to the users of GTSPP services, such as the planners of international Science Programmes. provide scientific and technical guidance to GTSPP participants in the implementation and further development of the scientific and data management aspects of the six GTSPP elements including: - near real-time data acquisition - non real-time data acquisition - communications infrastructures - quality control procedures - continuously managed database - GTSPP data and information products prepare, maintain and distribute documentation relevant to operation of the project. report after each meeting and as otherwise necessary to keep all IODE and IGOSS contacts, as well as the representatives of the science programmes, informed on the status of implementation of the GTSPP. submit status reports on the GTSPP to the sessions of the Committee on IODE and the JC-IGOSS. prepare and submit to the sessions of the Committee on IODEI and the JC-IGOSS a report on the status of IGOSS-IODE data flow. the group will select a Chairman at its first session and will review the Chairmanship biannually. The composition of the group is as proposed below. The composition of the group will be regularly reviewed in consultation between the Chairmen of IODE and IGOSS. The proposed Composition of the Steering Group for the coming intersessional period will be as follows: (i) One representative from each of the participating countries (initially Australia, Canada, France, USA, USSR) as chosen and funded by the countries, to provide expertise to the project. These representatives may be accompanied by one or more experts; (ii) A representative from WOCE and TOGA, each nominated by the appropriate Scientific Steering Group, to provide scientific guidance to the project; (iii) An additional invited scientific advisor selected by the Chairman of the Steering Group on the GTSPP; (iv) The IGOSS-IODE~ and IODE-IGOSS Rapporteurs; (v) Representatives from the RNODCs-IGOSS will be invited to participate in this Group. Steering Group on GTSPP Established: through Recommendation IODE-XIII.4 (1990) Terms of Reference: Complete development of the GTSPP Project Plan and Implementation Schedule following the principles described in the current draft. Complete development of the GTSPP Quality Control Manual. Meet semi-annually at the expense of the participating countries to review the status of the implementation and further develop the GTSPP. Actively promote the GTSPP and provide information to the users of GTSPP services, such as the planners of international Science Programmes. Provide scientific and technical guidance to GTSPP participants in the implementation and further development of the scientific and data management aspects of the six GTSPP elements including: near real-time data acquisition non real-time data acquisition communications infrastructures quality control procedures continuously managed database GTSPP data and information products Prepare, maintain and distribute documentation relevant to operation of the project. Report after each meeting and as otherwise necessary to keep all lODE and IGOSS contacts, as well as the representatives of the science programmes, informed on the status of implementation of the GTSPP. Submit status reports on the GTSPP to the sessions of the Committee on lODE and the JCIGOSS. Prepare and submit to the sessions of the Committee on lODE and the JC-IGOSS a report on the status of IGOSS-IODE data flow. The group will select a Chairman at its first session and will review the Chairmanship biannually. The composition of the group is as proposed below. The composition of the group will be regularly reviewed in consultation between the Chairmen of lODE and IGOSS. IGOSS-IODE Global Temperature-Salinity Programme Established: through Recommendation IODE-XV.4 (Global Temperature-Salinity Pilot Project) (1996) Recommendation IODE-XV.4 GLOBAL TEMPERATURE-SALINITY PILOT PROJECT The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Noting with appreciation the progress achieved in the development of the IGOSS-IODE Global Temperature-Salinity Pilot Project (GTSPP) since 1989, Further noting the commitments by the Canadian Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) and the US Responsible National Oceanographic Data Centre for IGOSS to continue to operate the real-time and continuously managed database aspects of the programme, Noting Recommendation 3 of the Seventh Session of the JC on IGOSS that GTSPP become a permanent project of IGOSS and IODE, Recommends that the IGOSS-IODE Global Temperature-Salinity Pilot Project become a permanent operational programme under the co-sponsorship of IGOSS and IODE with the title the IGOSS-IODE Global Temperature-Salinity Programme; Further recommends that GTSPP be kept as the short name for the programme because of its familiarity to many IODE and IGOSS clients and its presence in many published documents and electronic media; Appreciates the renewed commitment of MEDS and the US RNODC for IGOSS to continue their support to the programme. Preparation of Directories of Marine Scientists and Institutions (now: OceanExpert) Established: by IODE-XIII (1990) Terms of reference: In considering Document IOC/IODE-XIII/17, 'Proposal on Preparation of Directories of Marine Scientists and Institutions', the Committee recognized that directories of marine scientists and institutions are a useful tool and recommended that data collection for them should focus on building and then continually updating a central database rather than on a one-off exercise to prepare a specific product. The information in the database will form a resource that will be disseminated to users by a variety of means. The Committee recommended the following workplan be implemented through the cooperation of interested Member States: develop progressively a network of volunteers and collaborating organizations, willing and able to obtain and transmit data for their institution, country, region or specialty; collect data region by region (or by sub-regions), wherever possible in collaboration with IOC Regional Bodies and other organizations interested, giving timely regional products as a spinoff, commencing with pilot exercises in two regions; make maximum use of information already available, including existing directories, mailing lists and the author fields of the ASF A database; wherever possible ask institutions to check and update existing information every 1-2 years, and encourage input on computer media; make the database entries available on diskette in several formats. global database will be too big to be easily issued on diskette; encourage online information services to mount the data, subject to agreement on conditions; make the database available in a CD-ROM format supported by CDS/ISIS possibly combined with other marine information products. The possibility of a version for use with CSA software should be explored; in spite of the development of various other product forms such as microforms, computer disk, tape and CD-ROM, users, particularly in third world countries, always prefer the printed product because of its long tradition, history and ease of use. Publication of a printed version of the International Directory of Marine Scientists is therefore essential. It can be either a commercial publication with the UN agencies purchasing copies for developing countries, or a free UN system publication perhaps issued in association with a Member State able to provide low-cost production; the database approach, combined with desk-top publishing, will allow production of selective print products such as an Institutions address list, regional directories and directories of specialists in particular fields. Later: GLODIR, OceanExpert No Steering Group was established for this project. MEDAR/MEDATLAS This project was established through Recommendation IODE-XV.10 (MEDAR/MEDATLAS and Development and Updating of the Mediterranean Dataset) (1996): Recommendation IODE-XV.10 MEDAR/MEDATLAS AND DEVELOPMENT AND UPDATING OF THE MEDITERRANEAN DATASET The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing a need to: safeguard a large number of marine datasets held by the bordering countries of the Mediterranean including the Black Sea; improve the data flow between the scientific organizations in the region; improve the communication among different data holding centres; Recognizing further the lack of necessary resources for oceanographic data management in several Mediterranean countries, Noting the existence of several limited regional initiatives, such as the MEDATLAS project to facilitate the Mediterranean data banking; the value of close co-operation of the data managers to improve data quality standards and access to data; the large number of involved countries; Considering the need to create appropriate national capabilities in data handling and develop reference data sets in order to facilitate further analysis and assessments for the success of the GOOS regional programmes implementation, Accepts the project proposal presented in Document IOC/IODE-XV/23 as the basis for future development and requests the Delegate of France and GODAR Project Leader with the assistance of the Secretariat to finalize its formulation; Recommends implementation of the GODAR project for the Mediterranean region, through the co-operative effort of data managers of the bordering countries; implementation of archiving and data management tasks including: development of inventories, digitization, QC and encoding by means of a common exchange format; Invites the IOC Executive Secretary and Heads of other international agencies to provide support to a major data rescue programme for the Mediterranean region; Also invites Member States to provide complementary support to improve national and regional data management capabilities; Requests NODCs and responsible data holders in each country to report to IOC on the necessary actions required to implement such a project; Invites the IOC Executive Secretary to arrange a two-three day meeting in order to consider responses from Member States, identify other data banks outside the region including those in WDCs and other international organizations and prepare the implementation plan and schedule. The project received substantial financial assistance from the European Union. Standard curriculum for oceanographic data and information management The initiative to develop a standard curriculum for oceanographic data and information management started at IODE-XIII (1990) when The Committee agreed that there is a need for prepare standard modules for courses in marine data and information management. As a first step, the Committee requested that the Secretary IOC query those who have organized such courses in the last intersessional period in an effort to assemble sets of training materials. The standard curriculum concept was later merged with the OceanPC into the IODE ResourceKit and OceanTeacher (see below) Standard software packages for oceanographic data management (OceanPC) Established: the first step was made through Recommendation IODE-XIII.6 (Development of a software package for oceanographic data processing and exchange on microcomputers) (1990) that recommended that an Expert Consultation on Standardization of Microcomputer Software for International Oceanographic Data Processing and Exchange be held in 1990 to formulate requirements for the software. The UNESCO Divusion of Marine Science, WMO, SCOR JGOFS programme and other concerned bodies were invited to identify user needs and obtaining resources needed for the development of the system its maintenance, and its effective application by developing country scientists and data managers. The project was formally established through Recommendation IODE-XIV.5 (Development of Ocean Personal Computer Project Ocean-PC), 1992 Recommendation IODE-XIV.5 DEVELOPMENT OF OCEAN PERSONAL COMPUTER PROJECT (OCEAN-PC) The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the needs of the ocean science community for software and for an access to modern computer technology and standards for processing, particularly in developing countries, Further recognizing the importance of data collected by developing countries to major global ocean programmes such as GOOS and to other programmes with ocean science components such as WCRP and IGBP, Wishing to further stimulate ocean data exchange and input of data from every possible source, Having viewed the prototype OCEAN-PC software package, Taking into account the OCEAN-PC Implementation Plan (Document IOC/IODE-XIV/14) and comments made by the Committee Members, Recommends that IOC: continue the OCEAN-PC project with an emphasis on the use of CD-ROM's; investigate mechanisms to provide CD-ROM readers and necessary software to institutes in developing countries wishing to make use of OCEAN-PC; encourage the use of OCEAN-PC technology in TEMA; invite contributions from Member States of resources, expertise, and hardware for use in developing countries to support installation of the OCEAN-PC technology and its use to meet national, regional and global objectives; urge Member States to continue collecting and contributing the latest relevant software for use by the developing countries; request the participation of interested national and world data centers to review the prototype OCEAN-PC software package and to identify and contribute new software appropriate to global ocean programmes. The Project was further reinforced through Resolution IODE-XV.3 (OCEANPC) (1996) by recommending: to further develop and distribute OceanPC as a mechanism to provide technology transfer and strengthen marine data management capabilities particularly in developing countries to develop an enhanced OceanPC as a fully integarated computer software package that addresses the needs of the IODE community with modern technology. See also IODE ResourceKit and OceanTeacher The IODE ResourceKit Project (OceanTeacher) Established: The IODE Resource Kit Project was established through Recommendation IODE-XVI/7 (Establishment of the IODE Resource Kit Project) Recommendation IODE-XVI.7 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE IODE RESOURCE KIT PROJECT The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the value of a computer-based application tool as a follow-up to OceanPC and to complement IODE data and information management capacity building activities, Recalling the decision of the IODE Officers meeting in February 1998 to set up a Pilot Project for an IODE Resource Kit CD-ROM, and its Terms of Reference, Noting with satisfaction the full achievement of the objectives of the Pilot Project during the intersessional period, Further noting with satisfaction the advanced capabilities of the Resource Kit as a tool for IODE capacity building, Recommends that: a Resource Kit Project be established, with the objective of further developing and enhancing of the content of the Kit; the Resource Kit Project be supported by a Steering Group, established as a subsidiary body of IODE, initially composed of a Project Leader and the Chairs of GETADE and GEMIM, and guided by GETADE and GEMIM, and will have the following Terms of Reference: a. the Steering Group will be responsible for the further development and enhancement of the Resource Kit, in response to user feedback and additional requirements; b. the Steering Group will nominate two editors, one for the data management aspects and one for the information management aspects, who will be responsible for the content of the Resource Kit; c. the Steering Group will co-ordinate the preparation of regional data and information sets in response to IODE capacity building programmes; Further recommends the use of the IODE Resource Kit as a training tool in all IODE capacity building activities; Requests to investigate the possibilities to translate the Resource Kit to other languages, as required by IODE capacity building programmes; Urges Member States to contribute suitable material for inclusion in the Resource Kit. Note: The IODE ResourceKit was renamed to OceanTeacher during the IODE-XVI-IODE-XVII inter sessional period SG-OCEANTEACHER Established: IODE-XVI, November 2000 (Recommendation IODE-XVI.7) as SG-ResourceKit Terms of Reference: The Steering Group was established by means of Recommendation IODE-XV.7 (Establishment of the IODE Resource Kit Project). The Steering Group was established as a subsidiary body of IODE, initially composed of a Project leader and the Chairs of GETADE and GEMIM, and guided by GETADE and GEMIM, and will have the following Terms of Reference: the Steering Group will be responsible for the further development and enhancement of of the Resource Kit, in response to user feedback and additional requirements; the Steering group will nominate two editors, one for the data management aspects and one for the information management aspects, who will be responsible for the content of the Resource Kit; the Steering group will co-ordinate the preparation of regional data and information sets in response to IODE capacity building programmes. Membership Recommendation IODE-XVI.7 stated that the SG would initially be composed of the Project Leader (ie Mr Greg Reed) and the Chairs of GEMIM and GETADE. Subsequently additional members were added, based upon their expertise. This resulted in the following membership: Mr. Greg Reed (Project Leader & Chair GETADE) [Australia] Dr Murari Tapaswi (Chair GEMIM) [India] Dr Murray L. Brown [United States] Prof. Paul Nieuwenhuysen [Belgium] Mrs Pauline Simpson [United Kingdom] Mrs Linda Pikula [United States] World Ocean Database Project Established: through Recomnendation IODE-XVI.6 (Data Archaeology and Rescue Project (GODAR)) Terms of Reference: Introduction All countries have a concern about climate change because of the global impact of climate variability whether this variability is of natural or anthropogenic origin. In 1996, the United Nations Intergovernmental Programme on Climate Change (IPCC, 1996) concluded that The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence of climate. If international agreements are to be implemented due to concern about climate change, the science on which these agreements are based must be international in scope. All data on which such research studies are based must therefore be available to the international scientific community without restriction and in an electronically, easily accessible, form with all necessary metadata . The international oceanographic community has had a long and successful history of exchanging oceanographic data that begins with the founding of the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES) (in 1902) and publication of oceanographic profile data in the ICES Bulletin Hydrographique and publication of plankton data in its Bulletin Planktonique beginning around 1907-1908. The success of the Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue project (GODAR) sponsored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) indicates the willingness of scientists and institutions of Member States of the IOC to contribute data to the development of integrated, global oceanographic databases through the IODE system and the ICSU WDC system. Rationale There is a pressing need for the international oceanographic and climate communities to have access to the most complete oceanographic databases possible for scientific studies in support of international agreements and treaties such as: 1- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1992 (FCCC); 2- Convention of 1992 on Biological Diversity (Biodiversity Convention); 3- Convention of 1972 on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matters (London Convention); Both the most recent scientific assessment of climate change by the Intergovernmental Programme on Climate Change (IPCC, 1996) and the CLIVAR (1995) Science Implementation Plan strongly emphasize the need to understand the role of the ocean in climate change. The GODAR project has focused on locating and rescuing historical oceanographic profile and plankton data that are at risk of being lost due to media decay. During the last twenty years the international oceanographic community has begun distributing temperature and more recently salinity data via the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) as illustrated by the IGOSS and GTSPP projects . However, many data types such as CTD, undulating CTD, and Bottle Data are not sent in real-time. Such data need to become part of a global ocean database in as timely a manner as possible. Purpose To stimulate international exchange of as much modern oceanographic data as possible in as timely a manner as possible for the purpose of constructing the most complete, integrated, global oceanographic databases possible. Such databases must be as inclusive as possible of the data and metadata of commonly measured oceanographic variables and simultaneously measured meteorological variables. Such databases will be made available internationally without restriction in accordance with ICSU WDC data management principles (ICSU, 1996) as exemplified by distribution of the World Ocean Atlas 1994 and World Ocean Database 1998 databases. Main Emphasis Specifically the project will emphasize improving the exchange of modern data between IODE data centres in terms of timeliness and quality and to avoid duplication of effort. Proposed Activities 1. IOC Executive Secretary in conjunction with the Chairman of the Committee on IODE appoint a Project Leader - no funds required. 2. The project leader with the assistance, if necessary, of selected experts will prepare an implementation plan and identify priorities - no funds required. 3. A workshop on quality control of oceanographic data and ways to improve the efficiency of data exchange will be convened. Possible funding sources include NOAA, IOC, the European Community, and international science projects such as the WCRP Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS). 4. Development of regional databases, atlases, and quality control techniques similar to that of the MEDAR/MEDATLAS project will be supported. Data Types of Interest 1. Hydrographic casts including biological (plankton), chemical, and physical data; 2. Salinity/Conductivity-Temperature-Depth casts; 3. Expendable Bathythermograph casts; 4. Mechanical Bathythermograph casts. Regional capacity building initiatives RECOSCIX-WIO (Regional Co-operation in Scientific Information Exchange in the Western Indian Ocean region) Established: 1989 The project commenced in early 1989 for Ethiopia and seven IOCINCWIO countries: Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia and Tanzania. An IOC Associate Expert, Mr. P. Pissierssens, based at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Mombasa, has set up a ASFA CD-ROM based bibliographic search service and a document delivery service using photocopies bought mainly from Europe. Future plans include a regional newsletter to be called WINDOW, and the supply of PC's and associated training to co-operating marine science libraries in the region to enable them to build automated library holdings lists. The holdings lists will be combined to form a Western Indian Ocean Library database, WIOLlB, which will be used to share the literature already available in the region. This project forms a pilot exercise for the operation of regional ASFIS networks. The Committee noted with appreciation the assistance of Belgium and the USA in supporting the initiation of the RECOSCIX-WIO project, and requested the Secretary IOC to continue to seek adequate funding for its future activities. Ended: 1999 Ocean Data and Information Network for Eastern Africa (ODINEA) Established: submitted at IODE-XV (para 316) the project proposal was formulated in response to the identification during IOCINCWIO-III of the need to (i) strengthen national data management capacity and; (ii) to develop a regional data and information network, noting that RECOSCIX-WIO could be adapted to serve these needs. In response, IOC organized a consultant mission in the region to identify capacity in the region for collection/storage/analysis and interpretation of data in national institutions. The consultant concluded that oceanographic data in the different institutions in the region vary widely in volume, type and quality. Several organizations active in the region have developed some initiatives for management of data collected in the region such as ORSTOM, IUCN, UNEP, the regional centre for services in surveying, mapping and remote-sensing, and IOC. However, so far, no comprehensive mechanism for data management exists in the region. The Committee endorsed the project proposal and called on IOC Member States to provide support for its implementation. The project was implemented between 1999 and 2001 with support from the Government of Flanders (Kingdom of Belgium). RECOSCIX-CEA (egional Co-operation in Scientific Information Exchange in the Central Eastern Atlantic Region) Established: The development of RECOSCIX-CEA was recommended by the IODE Committee during its 15th Session (1996) through Resolution IODE-XV.5 (Development of national and regional data and information centres for the IOCEA region). It constitutes the IOCEA equivalent of the RECOSCIX-WIO project. The project was implemented between 1999 and 2001 with support from the Government of Flanders (Kingdom of Belgium) as part of the ODINAFRICA-I project. ODINAFRICA Ocean Data and Information Network for Africa Established: During IODE-XV the Committee welcomed the achievements of the RECOSCIX-WIO and RECOSCIX-CEA projects as the ODINEA (see above). The Committee also welcomed the next phase of the project (ODINAFRICA-II). The ODINAFRICA-II project was implemented thanks to substantial financial support by the Government of Flanders (Kingdom of Belgium). Through Recommendation IODE-XVII the Committee recommended that a third phase of the ODINAFRICA project be developed, with special emphasis on the development of products and services that respond to the needs of sustainable marine and coastal management, and contribute to other IOC programmes active in Africa such as GLOSS, GOOS-Africa, IOGOOS, HAB, ICAM etc, and called on the programmes to collaborate in the preparation of the proposal. ODINLAC Ocean Data and Information Network for Latin America and the Caribbean Established: established through Recommendation IODE-XVI.9 (Implementation of a regional data and information management network for the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) regions) (2000). Note: the project was renamed ODINCARSA (Ocean Data and Information Network for the Caribbean and South American regions) at the First Planning Workshop of the Project (2001) IODE-XVII, through Recommendation IODE-XVII.2 requested allocation of resources for ODINCARSA Terms of Reference: Recommendation IODE-XVI.9 IMPLEMENTATION OF A REGIONAL DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT NETWORK FOR THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN (LAC) REGIONS The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Noting the urgent need for marine and coastal data and information in the LAC region (Latin America-Caribbean) for research, monitoring and integrated management of the coastal zone and the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), Noting further that such data and information are also essential for forecasting extreme events like El Nio and typhoon paths, as well as for developing preparedness for natural and man-made disasters such as floods, earthquakes, toxic algae blooms, oil spills, tsunamis and hurricanes, Acknowledging the experience gained by the IODE Centres in the region and by such international groups as the ICES Working Group on Marine Data Management (MDM) in the field of regional marine and coastal data management, Welcomes the proposal: A Strategy Towards an Ocean Data and Information Network for Latin America and the Caribbean (ODINLAC), which calls for closer regional collaboration in data and information collection and management and identifies ways for capacity building; Invites IOC to undertake the necessary steps to implement the ODINLAC project in the LAC region, similar to ODINAFRICA; Requests the IOC Executive Secretary to implement, as a priority, the following actions: nominate a Project Leader to facilitate the development of an ODINLAC project proposal; make an assessment of the needs and requirements in marine data and information management of different sub-regions of the ODINLAC area, in order to identify, taking into account the facilities of each sub-region, the sub-region in which an initial phase of the project could be started; organize a planning meeting in co-operation with the IOC Regional Bodies concerned to discuss the results of the assessment study and propose a detailed plan for the implementation of the ODINLAC project; identify the necessary funding to support the implementation of the meeting and other recommended actions. Data Archaeology and Rescue Project Established: through Recommendation IODE-XIV.3 (Data Archaeology and Rescue Project). Recommendation IOC/IODE-XIV.DR.3 DATA ARCHAEOLOGY AND RESCUE PROJECT The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic & Information Exchange, Noting that historical observations of oceanographic parameters are not repeatable if lost, Acknowledging that substantial amounts of historical ocean observations are at risk of being lost due to media degradation or neglect, Recognizing that the international scientific and engineering communities need the most comprehensive oceanographic multi-decadal databases possible for research purposes, particularly for use in studies describing the role of the World Ocean as part of the earth's climate system as well as for Global Change research, Emphasizing that in order to make sound policy decisions national governments and intergovernmental advisory groups need scientific observations of the state of the World Ocean and for understanding of the role of the World Ocean as part of the earth's climate system, Recommends that: IOC establish a Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project under the IOC Committee on IODE as presented in the Annex to this recommendation subject to condition that the additional funds be made available; a project leader be designated by the Secretary IOC in consultation with the Chairman of the IOC Committee on IODE to supervise its implementation; IOC invite Member States and International Organizations to participate in and support this project, including the possibility of direct funding ear-marked for this purpose within the IOC Trust Fund. Annex to Recommendation IODE-XIV.3 Introduction All countries of the world have a concern about climate change because of the global impact of climate variability, whether natural or anthropogenic, If international agreements are to be implemented due to concern about climate change, the science on which these agreements is based must be international in scope. All data on which these studies are based must therefore be available to the international scientific community without restriction. Historical oceanographic data is of fundamental importance to scientists studying the role of the ocean as part of the earth's climate system. Regardless of any particular view an individual scientist or nation has on these issues, it is necessary that scientific assessments and national and international actions be based on the most complete environmental data bases possible. Recognizing that oceanography is an observational science and that the world ocean is a major component of the earth's climate system it is suggested that the IOC sponsor activities that will result in more complete global oceanographic databases. These activities should be viewed as an enhancement of existing IODE activities. The new and enhanced oceanographic databases will be available without restriction to the international science community. We call this effort the "Global Oceanographic Data Archaeology and Rescue Project" (GODAR). To do the most thorough job possible this project must have a lifetime of 5 to 10 years. Funds to support the activities of this project will be obtained through as many sources independent of IOC as possible, including foundations. "Data Archaeology" is the term used to describe the process of seeking out, restoring, evaluating, correcting and interpreting historical datasets. "Rescue" refers to the effort to save data at risk from being lost to the science community. Physical, chemical, and biological oceanographic data as well as surface marine meteorological observations are the specific types of data this project will focus on. These are the data types of greatest concern to IODE and climate research activities. Advances in computer technology both hardware and software (e.g., Relational Database technology) now allow for the construction of integrated global oceanographic data bases that include widely disparate types of oceanographic data from different oceanographic disciplines. The data gathered as a result of this project will be of particular benefit to developing countries. The international availability of comprehensive global oceanographic datasets represent a policy of both information sharing as well as knowledge and technology transfer since the data can be used to study regional environmental oceanographic problems. Rationale Many oceanographic data are at risk of being lost to future use because of media degradation, hence the need for a "data rescue" effort in conjunction with the data archaeology effort. Sole copies of manuscript data are easily lost due to environmental damage or catastrophe such as fire. In addition manuscript data are of minimal use to researchers who require data in digital form with all pertinent meta-data in order to perform the most comprehensive studies possible. It is the international scientific community which must advise national and international bodies on such issues as climate change. Thus the most complete well-documented databases possible must be available to the international community. Data archaeology and rescue activities at WDC-A, Washington; WDC-B, Obninsk; WDC-D, Tianjin; ICES, Denmark; the Japanese Oceanographic Data Center, and other institutions all have identified major oceanographic databases that exist only in manuscript form. Efforts sponsored by these institutions have resulted in digitization of some of these data and further digitization ("data rescue") is planned. For example the US NODC has located 150,000 MBT profiles in manuscript form and is contracting to have these data digitized. All the above institutions are already closely cooperating on archaeology and rescue activities to avoid duplication of effort and to maximize their resources. Purpose To facilitate the creation of global oceanographic databases for use by the international research community for the study of the role of the world ocean as part of the earth's climate system. Main Emphasis Specifically the project will emphasize: Digitization of data now known to exist only in manuscript and/or analog form. This effort will have highest priority of all activities. Ensuring that all oceanographic data available for international exchange is archived at two or more international data centers in digital form. Preparing catalogues (inventories) of: a) Data now available only in manuscript form; b) Data now available only in analog form; c) Digital data not presently available to the international scientific community. Making all data accessible on various media including CD-ROM's as well as standard magnetic tape. These efforts represent implicit acknowledgement of the value of the ICSU-IOC International Oceanographic Data and Exchange (IODE) system but also recognize the need to enhance and expand the existing scope and efforts of this system as well as other international exchange mechanisms such as bilateral agreements. In fact this International Data Archaeology and Rescue Programme will build on existing data archaeology programs at WDC-A, WDC-B, and ICES. The enhanced data bases will be made available as ASCII files on CD-ROM disks as this is the technology that represents the least expensive and most efficient means of distribution of large datasets. The World Data Center-A for Oceanography (WDC-A) volunteers its services for these activities. WDC-A will work with data centers and research institutions around the world to compile the most complete oceanographic data bases possible and will arrange for the production and distribution of the resulting databases on CD-ROM's and magnetic tapes. Proposed Acivities (not included here) Data Types of Interest (i) Hydrographic casts including all chemical and biological observations; (ii) Salinity/Conductivity Temperature-Depth casts; (iii) Expendable Bathythermograph casts; (iv) Mechanical Bathythermograph casts. ASFIS/ASFA Establishment: 1971 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) is an abstracting and indexing service covering the world's literature on the science, technology, management, and conservation of marine, brackish water, and freshwater resources and environments, including their socio-economic and legal aspects. The ASFA bibliographic database contains over 900,000 references, with coverage since 1971. About 3,500 new bibliographic references are added each month to the database. Each bibliographic reference includes: the title of the document in its original language (all non-English titles are also translated into English); an English language and/or non-English language abstract and subject; taxonomic and geographic index entries as relevant. ASFA is produced through the co-operative efforts of the following ASFA Partners: United Nations Co-sponsoring ASFA Partners (FAO, IOC, UNDOALOS and UNEP). The 4 UN Co-sponsoring ASFA Partners, besides input preparation, also take responsibility for assisting developing countries to participate in the ASFA Partnership. International ASFA Partners ADRIAMED ICCAT (ICES, ICLARM, IUCN, PIMRIS) . The 6 International ASFA Partners contribute to ASFA by producing bibliographic references to the literature published within their geographic or subject area, including their own publications. National ASFA Partners (Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Cte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Estonia, France, Greece, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Mexico, Morocco, Norway, People's Republic of China, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Uruguay, United States and Vietnam). The 33 National ASFA Partners contribute to ASFA by producing bibliographic references to the literature published within their own countries. The Publishing ASFA Partner (Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, CSA). The ASFA Partners submit their ASFA input (in computer readable format) to the Publishing ASFA Partner, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, located in the USA (CSA, itself, also prepares a large portion of the ASFA input). CSA processes the input received from the ASFA Partners, by computer, and merges it to create a Master File (i.e. the ASFA database). From the Master File, CSA produces the ASFA information products and services, which CSA then distributes back to the ASFA Partners for use in their respective information systems. CSA also makes the ASFA products available commercially to the public. The overall objective of the ASFA Partnership is to disseminate information on aquatic sciences and fisheries to the world community, bearing in mind the special interests of developing countries in this field. The ASFA "Partnership Agreement" explains the rights and responsibilities of the ASFA Partners (the rights, or entitlements, of ASFA Partners are only referred to in the ASFA Partnership Agreement. The actual list of entitlements is contained in Article 5 of the Publishing Agreement Between FAO and CSA). To become a member of the ASFA Partnership, organizations must agree (through signature) to the conditions contained in the ASFA Partnership Agreement. The Partnership Agreement also lists the functions of the ASFA Advisory Board and the ASFA Secretariat. All ASFA Partners are represented on the ASFA Advisory Board, which meets once a year and produces annual ASFA Advisory Board Meeting Reports. FAO provides the ASFA Secretariat. MEDI Pilot Project Establishment: The IODE Committee recommended the establishment of a MEDI Pilot Project through Recommendation IODE-XV.1: Recommendation IODE-XV.1 DEVELOPMENT OF MEDI The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the value of a top level directory of marine data holdings within the IOC Member States to a broad user community, including the IOC programmes and related activities within other global programmes such as IGBP, WCRP and GCOS, Recognizing further the significance of such projects as GODAR for locating and identifying datasets not already exchanged as a fundamental requirement to support national, regional and global data requirements arising from GOOS, Noting its longstanding involvement in the development of the MEDI system and that past efforts have been inhibited by the lack of appropriate supporting technology, Further noting that recent developments in computer technology, particularly the World Wide Web, provide new opportunities for the proper development of MEDI; Recommends that a pilot project be developed to test the ways and means of applying modern technology to the further development of the MEDI system and, on the basis of these investigations, to draft a specification for a revised MEDI, Further recommends that the pilot project should include: a review of relevant existing national and international data directory systems; an assessment of the potential application of existing bibliographic systems to MEDI; consideration of the implications of inter-operability with similar systems on the international scene such as those being developed by GCOS and the ICSU Panel on WDCs; Supports the Terms of Reference of the Pilot Project, as shown in the Annex to this Recommendation; Recommends that a 2-3 day Technical Workshop of experts should be held at the end of the pilot project (between May/August 1997) to review the results of investigations carried out, to agree on a specification for a revised MEDI system and to prepare plans for its implementation; Invites the IOC Executive Secretary, Member States and relevant agencies to support the pilot project and the Technical Workshop. Annex to Recommendation IODE-XV.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE PILOT PROJECT ON THE REVISION OF MEDI Objectives of MEDI: To develop a global database of information on data holdings held in the IOC Member States and agencies with the following specifications: the database will be a compilation of input assembled by IOC Member States and relevant agencies; the database will allow the end-user to search, as a minimum, on location, data type, temporal resolution and organizational parameters; the database will provide the end-user with information describing the selected data holdings and their sources; the system will be designed in such a manner as to ensure the widest possible coverage of data holdings in Member States. Objectives of the Pilot Project: The Pilot Project will: prepare a clear statement on the level and breadth of information to be included in the system; identify a core set of fields necessary to constitute a MEDI entry; identify the technical requirements of the database; develop transfer interfaces between existing databases and the agreed-upon system; develop suitable end-user interfaces for the database also bearing in mind the needs of users not connected to the Internet; define necessary structures for the maintenance and further development of the system, make the MEDI system compatible developed with initiatives developed by other programmes, e.g., GCOS, WCP, INFOTERRA. The Participants in the Pilot Project: The Pilot Project will be carried out by a Working Group composed of: BODC (UK); NODC (Russian Federation) ; ISMARE (Ireland); AODC (Australia); Chair GEMIM; Chair GETADE; IOC Secretariat. The activities of the Working Group will be co-ordinated by Dr. M.T. Jones, Director, British Oceanographic Data Centre. Work Plan and Timing: The Group will work by correspondence (e-mail). The Group will present its report during a 2-3 days Technical Workshop to be held during the first half of 1997. MEDI Programme Establishment: The MEDI Porgramme/Project was established through Recommendation IODE-XVI.1 (Establishment of the MEDI Programme). Recommendation IODE-XVI.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MEDI PROGRAMME The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the value of a directory system for databases, data catalogues and data inventories to a broad user community, including IOC programmes such as GOOS and related activities within other global and regional programmes, Recalling Recommendation IODE-XV.1 that established the Pilot Project on the Revision of MEDI, Noting with satisfaction the full achievement of the objectives of the Pilot Project during the intersessional period, Further noting with satisfaction the advanced technological capabilities of the MEDI software tool as an off-line metadata creation tool, Recommends that the: Pilot Project on the Revision of MEDI becomes a permanent programme of IODE; Steering Group will be responsible for the further development and enhancement of the MEDI software tool, in response to user feedback and additional requirements; MEDI Programme be supported by a Steering Group, established as a subsidiary body of IODE, initially composed of AODC (Australia), NASA-GCMD (USA), KODC (Republic of Korea), BODC (UK), Russian NODC (Russian Federation) and US NODC (USA). The activities of the Steering Group shall be co-ordinated by Mr. G. Reed, AODC; distribution of tasks within the Steering Group be based on available capacity of the group members; Steering Group will be guided by and interact with GETADE and GEMIM; Further recommends the incorporation of a MEDI software tool as a training module in IODE training activities and capacity building products; Urges Member States to use the MEDI software tool to the maximum extent possible and promote its use to the widest possible audience. SG-MEDI Established : through Recommendation IODE-XVI.1 Terms of Reference: 'The Steering Group will be responsible for the further development and enhancement of the MEDI software tool, in response to user feedback and additional requirements' Sessions Second Session: Honolulu, Hawaii, 2-4 April 2002 First Session: Oostende, Belgium, 23-27 April 2001. Membership (as per 2nd Session) Greg Reed (Chair) Mathew de Plater (Australia) Lola Olsen (GCMD, USA) Monica Holland (GCMD, USA) Kyu Kui Jung (Rep. Of Korea) Evgeny Vyazilov (Russian Federation) Donald W. Collins (USA) Development of a marine XML During IODE-XVI (2000), the Committee acknowledged the importance of XML and recognized the need for IODE to be closely involved in the development of a marine XML. The Committee recommended that the IODE Groups of Experts (GETADE and GEMIM) should be involved in the XML Consortium (an initiative started by the IODE Chair, Mr. Ben Searle). The Committee adopted recommendation IODE-XVI.8: Recommendation IODE-XVI.8 IODE PARTICIPATION IN AN XML CONSORTIUM The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the advantage of using the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) for the exchange of oceanographic data within the IODE system and the importance of XML as a standard for data interchange on the Internet, Noting the proposed development of a Marine XML Specification through the creation of an international consortium, Considering, the desirability of the development of a single marine XML framework, Recommends the participation of IOC, through its Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, in the development of a Marine XML as part of a consortium of interested groups; Instructs its Chairman to monitor the development of a marine XML and keep the Committee informed of the progress; Recommends Member States to promote the use of XML, at the national level, as a mechanism for the efficient exchange of oceanographic data; Invites Member States to consider individual membership of the marine XML Consortium. Unfortunately the marineXML Consortium was not formally established. Late 2001, the IODE Secretariat was informed of the planned activities of ICES regarding the development of a marine XML. The Secretariat invited ICES to establish the ICES-IOC Study Group on the Development of Marine Data Exchange Systems Using XML (SGXML). This invitation was accepted by ICES and the First Session of the Study Group was organized in Helsinki, Finland, 165-16 April 2002. (The Second Session was held on 26 May 2003) Secondly, IOC/IODE started participation in the EU-funded project implemented by a consortium of EU Member States, as well as IOC, and coordinated by the UK company HR Wallingford. OceanPortal Established: The Committee, during its Sixteenth Session (2000), decided to proceed with further development of the OceanPortal (paragraphs 358) after an initial experiment presented by the Secretariat during IODE-XVI. During IODE-XVII (2003), the Committee expressed its satisfaction with the development of OceanPortal as a unique and focused catalogue of ocean data and information on the World Wide Web. The Committee requested IODE data centres to cooperate with OceanPortal by actively submitting sites to the system and by actively promoting the service at the national level (data centre users, web sites, academic institutions, libraries, ocean research institutions). The Committee, regretting the bandwidth limitations at UNESCO HQ, recommended that the server hosting OceanPortal be relocated to the proposed IODE Project Office to re-enable the indexing service. Terms of Reference: the OceanPortal will provide a starting point for users searching for ocean data and information on the WWW; the OceanPortal will provide a top-level directory of ocean data and ocean information related web sites; the OceanPortal will promote the IODE Data Centres by guiding users to the Data Centre Data and Information Products/Services web pages; the OceanPortal will include (reference to) the GCMD/MEDI node for metadata creation; the OceanPortal WILL NOT BE a metadata system providing descriptions of INDIVIDUAL ocean datasets. No steering group was established. Underway Sea Surface Salinity Data Archiving Pilot Project Established: established through Recommendation IODE-XVI/10 (Underway Sea Surface Salinity Data Archiving Pilot Project) Terms of Reference: Recommendation IODE-XVI.10 UNDERWAY SEA SURFACE SALINITY DATA ARCHIVING PILOT PROJECT The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Noting that the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (OOPC) considers sea surface salinity data as critical for the study of the decadal and longer time-scale variations associated with deep ocean overturning, Further noting that the number of countries collecting underway sea surface salinity data and the volume of data collected within coastal and open ocean monitoring programmes are rapidly growing, Recognizing that presently there is little international co-operation in the exchange and management of these data, Acknowledging the need to build effective international management of these data in co-operation with data providers and users to meet the requirements for temporal and spatial sampling resolution and measurement accuracy set forth by the OOPC, Recommends the establishment of a Pilot Project for the management of these data with the Terms of Reference as attached in the Annex to this recommendation; Invites the IOC Executive Secretary, in consultation with the Chairmen of IODE and OOPC, to establish a Steering Group to implement and monitor progress of the Pilot Project; Invites the IODE Member States and other interested countries collecting underway sea surface salinity data to participate in the activities of the Steering Group. Annex to Recommendation IODE-XVI.10 Terms of Reference of the Underway Sea Surface Salinity Data Archiving Pilot Project Objectives of the Pilot Project: to acquire, quality control, store in standard format, and disseminate the collected underway sea surface salinity data to establish close co-operation with relevant data centres to build a database and develop data management procedures and standards to build a comprehensive archive for USSSAL data including appropriate metadata to develop and implement procedures for quality assessment of real time and delayed mode data based on the GTSPP experience to provide data and information on line to users in a timely fashion to ensure safeguarding of high resolution delayed mode data to co-operate with data collectors to improve the data acquisition systems and to provide information on the data they provide to maintain close links with other data collection and management programmes such as JCOMM and SOOP to prepare proposals for the archiving of all potentially available underway data types The Participants in the Pilot Project: The Pilot Project will be carried out by a Steering Group composed of, inter alia, IFREMER/SISMER (France), MEDS (Canada), BSH (Germany), BODC (UK), ICES (Denmark), NCMR/HNODC (Greece), WDC for Oceanography - Silver Spring (USA). Work Plan and Timing: The Steering Group will work by correspondence (e-mail). The Group will report to the IODE Officers and to the IODE Committee. SG-GOSUD Established: IODE-XVI, November 2000 (Recommendation IODE-XVI.10) Objectives of the Pilot Project (and the Steering Group): To acquire, quality control, store in standard format, and disseminate the collected underway sea surface salinity data To establish close co-operation with relevant data centres to build a database and develop data management procedures and standards To build a comprehensive archive for USSSAL data including appropriate metadata To develop and implement procedures for quality assessment of real time and delayed mode data based on the GTSPP experience To provide data and information on line to users in a timely fashion To ensure safeguarding of high resolution delayed mode data To co-operate with data collectors to improve the data acquisition systems and to provide information on the data they provide To maintain close links with other data collection and management programmes such as JCOMM and SOOP To prepare proposals for the archiving of all potentially available underway data types Membership As detailed in the Recommendation, the Steering Group will be composed of, inter alia, IFREMER/SISMER (France), MEDS (Canada), BSH (Germany), BODC (UK), ICES (Denmark), NCMR/HNODC (Greece), WDC for Oceanography Silver Spring (USA). IODE-XVI stated that the Steering group will work by correspondence (email). However, it was possible subsequently to have a live meeting without financial implications for IOC/IODE. At IODE-XVII the Committee decided to allocate some funds for the SG-GOSUD. Ocean Information Technology Pilot Project Established: through Recommendation IODE-XVII.5 (Establishment of the OIT Prilot project) Recommendation IODE-XVII.5 ESTABLISHMENT OF THE OIT PILOT PROJECT The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Recognizing the importance of innovative, flagship initiatives in ocean data management, to take advantage of technological advances and to enhance the capacity and functionality of IODE activities, for a wide range of new needs and demands, Recognizing the importance of forging productive and constructive projects and partnerships with GOOS and JCOMM, Noting the recommendation of the Fifth meeting of the GOOS Steering Committee to endorse the OIT initiative as a Pilot Project of GOOS, and the decisions of the JCOMM Data Management Coordination Group (DCMG-I) and the JCOMM Management Committee (MAN-II) to support the OIT as a JCOMM Data Management PA Pilot Project, Recognizing the existence of existing projects and Groups of Experts within IODE, and within JCOMM, whose activities are pertinent to the objectives of the OIT, Noting the decisions of the GOOS SC (GSC-V) and JCOMM to form a Steering Team for the OIT Project, and the provisional Membership of the Team (Inf. 1178), subject to consideration of the IODE, Acknowledging that the OIT Pilot Project represents an important contribution to the resolution of ocean data management issues and to enhancing the overall capacity and functionality of IODE, and that the overall scope and objectives of the Project as represented in Doc 31 and Inf. 1178 were both relevant and appropriate for IODE, Recommends that The Ocean Information Technology Pilot Project be implemented as an initiative of the IODE, jointly sponsored with JCOMM and GOOS; The Steering Team of the Project be responsible for the development and implementation of the Project, including the development of a Strategic Plan and initiation of sub-projects; The initial focus of the Project be as agreed at the First Meeting of the OIT, as reported in Document IOC/IODE-XVII/32 (Ocean Information Technology); and The Steering Team provides a detailed work program, including a schedule of activities, to the next Session of the Committee, Further, in consideration of the initial focus on data assembly and quality control, and recognizing the significant experience and expertise of IODE in this area, including inter alia through the World Ocean Data Base Project and GODAR, the GTSPP, Argo, and GOSUD, Acknowledging the key role of the joint JCOMM/IODE ETDMP, Recommends that The Ocean Information Technology Pilot Project in conjunction with the Chairs of GODAR, GTSPP, GODAE and the Argo Data Management Committee, convene a Workshop on quality control and assembly of ocean data, including formation of an Organizing Committee and development of a Prospectus, with the third quarter of 2004 as the tentative target period; and The Ocean Information Technology Pilot Project be adopted as a component of the work program of the JCOMM/IODE ETDMP and that this joint group take the lead in developing an appropriate model and standard for ocean metadata, Further noting that JCOMM and GOOS have both adopted a generic description of Pilot Projects, Acknowledging that such a definition would be beneficial to the strategic planning of IODE, and that IODE has in the past adopted such terminology, Recommends that IODE adopt the following as a definition of an IODE Pilot Project: A pilot project is defined as an organized, planned set of activities with focused objectives designed to provide an evaluation of technology, methods, or concepts within a defined schedule and having the overall goal of advancing the development and capacity of IODE. DATA EXCHANGE POLICY This topic is documented extensively in Document INF-1144rev IODE DATA MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IODE-XV During IODE-XV (1996), under the agenda item IODE and the Global Ocean Observing System (paragraphs 63 to 80), the Committee discussed the role of IODE in GOOS data management. It was noted that GOOS had two distinct levels of data requirements. The first is an operational level which has a high public profile because of the development of day-today products from this data. The second level of data requirements addresses the scientific requirements, and while this does not have the same visibility, it is of equal importance and must also be implemented. Document IOC/IODE-XV/11 (IGOSS and IODE data management goals to support GOOS) was discussed which covers both IGOSS and IODE responses to GOOS data management and exchange requirements. The Document proposes an integrated data exchange and management system. To support this system IGOSS and IODE have proposed four goals which are to: insure the widest, fastest access to the highest quality data; archive the data on a distributed data network in an easily accessible system; support real-time services and develop products to be used by governments and industry; provide scientifically sound quality control throughout the data continuum through partnerships between the operational and science communities. We quote from the IODE-XV report: 65 Dr. D. McLain presented the draft IGOSS-IODE Data Management Plan. He noted that although GOOS is still being defined, several things are evident. GOOS will not be developed from scratch, but will be based on IODE, IGOSS and other programmes. Also, GOOS must be compatible with the World Weather Watch (WWW) and GCOS and be able to integrate oceanic and atmospheric data. 66 To meet the diverse data demands of GOOS and to improve co-operation between IODE and IGOSS, an End-to-End Data Management (ETEDM) plan was proposed. In ETEDM, an observation would be digitized at the sensor and not modified, only added to, during processing. Metadata such as QC flags and 'corrected' values would be added to the record during processing so that users would have a complete record of all the processing. 67 ETEDM also proposed to use a common data format for all ocean observations. Use of the WMO Binary Universal Format for data Representation (BUFR) was suggested as it is widely used for atmospheric data in the World Weather Watch and in national weather services. Dr. McLain claimed that the use of BUFR as a common format by IODE and IGOSS would reduce data delays and losses, promote sharing of data and software, significantly reduce costs of ocean data processing, and allow IGOSS and IODE to support the data management requirements of GOOS. 68 The Representative of WMO pointed out that IGOSS and IODE are complementary data programmes. Together they form the end-to-end data structure that Dr. McLain referred to in his presentation. Both systems form the basis of the data management system for GOOS. He referred to the recommendation of the joint IOC-WMO Committee for IGOSS that a single IGOSS-IODE data management strategy be proposed and an initial draft presented to the Second Session of the I-GOOS Strategy Sub-Committee in March 1996. A final draft will be presented to the I-GOOS Planning Session in May 1996. He requested that the IODE Committee identify a suitable expert to contribute to the development of this data management strategy. The Committee nominated Mr. B. Searle to act as the Rapporteur, who jointly with Dr. McLain from IGOSS will prepare a draft of the IGOSS-IODE data management strategy and adopted Recommendation IODE-XV.2. 69 The Committee noted that the IODE and IGOSS experience up to now involved a relatively small number of physical variables. GOOS will have far more complex data requirements. For example, the monitoring of the coastal zone will require a more complex dataset than IODE and IGOSS have collected to date. This situation will require a two-tier approach. The data systems for the parameters with which IODE already has experience will move ahead rapidly. The systems handling non-standard data will have to develop. This is the challenge for IGOSS and IODE as they prepare for GOOS. 70 In preparing a joint response from IODE and IGOSS to the requirements outlined by GOOS, the Committee recommended the use of the findings of the Think Tank Meeting and decided also to prepare a skills and capabilities report which would have the following structure: For each variable identified by GOOS as a priority: Outline existing real-time data capture and transmission (if any); Describe existing archival capability for that variable, archival formats, and data center experience; Describe existing capability in the NODC-WDC system to produce quality controlled, delayed mode datasets, climate datasets, time-series, etc; Identify deficiencies with regard to the total GOOS requirement for each variable and service in (i)-(iii) above in terms of: (a) availability of standardized raw data using accepted instruments and sensors, (b) adequacy of formats, software, and QC procedures for this data type, (c) shortfall in geographical coverage and temporal and spatial resolution for GOOS purposes, (d) competence of the data delivery schedule, reasons for delay or non-delivery, (e) status of data processing software, data analysis, data product generation, data distribution. 72 Dr. N. Flemming was appointed to head a drafting group and prepare this report. The report should be as short as possible, referring to existing IODE and IGOSS documents whenever possible. Since GOOS data requirements are still not fully specified, this report shall be the first version of a series of progressive up-grades to be jointly reviewed by IODE, IGOSS and GOOS. It was agreed that the drafting group will be composed of B. Searle, P. Dexter, D. Kohnke and H. Dooley. 73 The skills and capabilities document will be presented to the GOOS planning session scheduled for May, as an information document in support of the IGOSS/IODE Data Management Strategy. 74 The Committee acknowledged the report of the Ocean Observing System Development Panel (OOSDP) which pointed out that "through its close relationships with programmes like TOGA and WOCE, the IODE has been evolving into a system that can accommodate the needs of climate research. This association and development means the IODE is already partly attuned to the observing system needs, though the needs of an operational system and associated increase in the volumes of information will require further adaptions and development." 75 The Director of the GOOS Support Office pointed out that GOOS must respond to a wide variety of users and that data management systems within GOOS can only be successful if they can produce products in the short term. He noted that EuroGOOS and GCOS have given some guidance on what products are needed. An internationally agreed data policy will be an important aspect of the system development. 76 The Committee welcomed the publication of the list of variables which are of most importance to GOOS in its early stages of development (Annex VII) and noted that IGOSS and IODE should use this list as a reference when making proposals to GOOS. The Committee also noted that an extended list will be included in the draft 'Initial Priorities for GOOS' which will be circulated later in 1996. 77 The Committee noted with interest the report provided by Mr. P. Dexter, the Representative of the Director of the Joint Planning Office for GCOS, on recent activities and publications of GCOS, in the field of data and information management of interest to IODE. These included, in particular, the work of the GCOS Data and Information Management Panel, the publication of version 1.0 of the GCOS Data and Information Management Plan, and the views of the JSTC for GCOS on co-operation and interaction with IODE. Most GCOS documents and reports are now available on the GCOS homepage at:  HYPERLINK "http://www.wmo.ch/web/gcos/gcoshome.html" http://www.wmo.ch/web/gcos/gcoshome.html . 78 The Committee expressed its support to the views of GCOS on the value of co-operation with IODE in general, data management areas such as the structure of data centers, distributed databases, quality assurance and metadata provision. 79 The Committee also agreed on the need to continue to co-operate closely with GCOS on the management of oceanographic data in support of global climate studies. In this context, the Committee noted that it had already been inputting to GCOS data management activities in a variety of ways, and agreed that this input should be formalized in the future through the nomination of an IODE contact point for GCOS. It therefore requested the Chairman of IODE to identify such a contact point in consultation with the GCOS Secretariat and notify the GCOS JPO accordingly. 80 Finally, the Committee reiterated its strong commitment to providing support for GOOS and GCOS data management requirements, building on existing strengths and through implementation of new capabilities to meet these requirements. In addition the Committee adopted Recommendation IODE-XV.2: Recommendation IODE-XV.2 IGOSS-IODE DATA MANAGEMENT STRATEGY The IOC Committee on International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange, Noting recommendations of the IODE Think Tank Meeting for more joint projects and partnerships in developing data management strategies and systems; proposals of the Chairman of the IODE Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange and the Chairman of the IGOSS Group of Experts on Operations and Technical Applications presented in Document IOC-WMO/IGOSS-VII/15; proposals of the IODE Consultant presented in Document IOC/IODE-XV/11; repeated references that GOOS must be built as much as possible on existing systems such as IGOSS and IODE; Considering Recommendation 5 of the Seventh Session of the IOC-WMO Joint Committee for IGOSS, Acknowledging an urgent need to develop a coherent and unique data management strategy for IGOSS and IODE to better serve the clients of these programmes, Recommends: a single coherent IGOSS-IODE data management strategy document be developed, based on material from the IGOSS and IODE documents referenced above; an initial draft of this document be presented to the Second Session of the I-GOOS Strategy Sub-Committee planned to take place in Paris in March 1996, for its review and comments; the full strategy document be offered to the Second Planning Session of I-GOOS, Washington, DC, May 1996, as a contribution from IGOSS an IODE towards the development of GOOS data management procedures. [end of document]     IOC/TT-DMS-I/6 Page (i) IOC/TT-DMS-I/6 Page (ii) IOC/TT-DMS-I/6 Page  PAGE 72 IOC/TT-DMS-I/6 Page  PAGE 73 IODE Group of Experts on Biological and Chemical Data Management and Exchange Practices (GEBCDMEP) (est.: IODE-XVI, 2000) IODE Group of Experts on Technical Aspects of Data Exchange (GETADE) (est.: IODE-IX, 1979) Merged with JCOMM ETDMP into JCOMM/IODE ETDMP (2003) IODE Group of Experts on Marine Information Management (GEMIM) (est.: IODE-XI, 1984) PROJECT MEDI  SG-MEDI (est: IODE-XVI, 2000 ) PROJECT GOSUD  SG-GOSUD (est: IODE-XVI, 2000 ) ICES-IOC Study Group on the Development of Marine Data Exchange Systems using XML (SGXML) (est: 2002) PROJECT OceanTeacher SG-OceanTeacher (est: IODE-XVI, 2000 ) IODE National Coordinators IODE Regional Coordinators IODE Officers - IODE Chair, Vice-Chair - Chairs GEMIM, GETADE, GEBCDMEP - Directors WDCs (Oceano & MGG) - Head GODAR project - IODE Regional Coordinators IODE Committee IODE Chair IODE Vice-Chair This document provides an overview of the IODE structural elements, programmes and projects between 1961 and 2003, showing also their evolution during that period. 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