ࡱ> -/,#` (,bjbj5G5G .FW-W-($<($>RXjjjjjjjZ>\>\>\>\>\>\>$-@hBn>jj>jj>jjZ>Z>V &@&jL ?W }J& 6>$>0>V&xC%jC&&C'j|djjj>> jjj> HH Limited distribution IOC/IPHAB-VIII/Inf.17 12 April 2007 Original: English INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMISSION (of UNESCO) Eight Session of the IOC Intergovernmental Panel on Harmful Algal Blooms (IPHAB-VIII) Paris, France, 17-20 April 2007 Development of a Harmful Algal Event Information System The IOC has over the past decade developed a number of internet based data bases on various aspects of HAB. This has been either independently or with partners: HAE-DAT is a database containing records of  HYPERLINK "http://ioc.unesco.org/hab/intro.htm" harmful algal events. It is a joint activity with ICES and PICES. HAE-DAT contains records from the ICES area (North Atlantic) since 1985, and from the PICES area (North Pacific) since 2000. IOC Regional networks in South America and North Africa are preparing to start contributing. HAEDAT was in 2006-2007 moved to a newly designed platform. The  HYPERLINK "http://www.bi.ku.dk/ioc/" IOC Taxonomic Reference List of Toxic Plankton Algae provides a reference for the use of names and information on each species of toxic microalgae. It is established and maintained by the IPHAB Task Team on Taxonomy. The Reference list is a present in form of a web site (not data base). MON-DAT is the  HYPERLINK "http://ioc.unesco.org/hab/data2.htm" \l "1" Design and Implementation of Some Harmful Algal Monitoring Systems data component which holds detailed information on HAB monitoring systems, legislation, limits and agencies in most of the countries that has such systems in place. Data were compiles in 1995/96 and 2000/01. MON-DAT was until March 2007 available on-line but the data base application is out of date and not compatible with the new platform for HAEDAT. HAB-MAP is an initiative jointly by IOC and ISSHA and is a data component on biogeography of harmful algal species. It is in preparation and some regions are completed. Data is structured to fit the new HAE-DAT format. The  HYPERLINK "http://ioc3.unesco.org/habdir" International Directory of Experts In Harmful Algae and Their Effects on Fisheries and Public Health is a specialised section of the IOC OceanExpert directory. The  HYPERLINK "http://ioc.unesco.org/hab/HAB-BIB.htm" IOC Bibliographic HAB Data-base is a specialised section of the Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) The overall strategy is to merge and or link these products into one integrated Harmful Algal Event Information System The information system will when fully established consist of access to information on harmful algal events, harmful algae monitoring and management systems worldwide, current use of taxonomic names of harmful algae, and in cooperation with  HYPERLINK "http://www.issha.org/" ISSHA information on biogeography of harmful algal species. Supplementary components are an expert directory and a bibliography. There are two levels of framework that offers potential in this development: At the recent session of IOCs International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE), IODE endorsed to include the IOC HAB data products as an element of IODE. This will embed the HAB data products in a well established and larger data management structure. IODE was established in 1961 to enhance marine research, exploitation and development by facilitating the exchange of oceanographic data and information between participating Member States and by meeting the needs of users for data and information products. There has been discussions with people working with Encyclopaedia of Life (EOL) informatics, The International Census of Marine Microbes (ICoMM), and US Centers for Human Health and Ocean Sciences (COHH) as well as micro*scope, MICROBIS - and therefore OBIS. There are elements of the future Harmful Algal Event Information System that has potential for a close cooperation with the above initiatives, exampels: The HAB Reference List. This is largely done as a suite of static documents, but needs to evolve into dynamic documents that can grow as you need them to and can be kept up to date. Biogeographic data. To maintain such a data base once established it appears necessary to empower the community. That is, we need to create an on-line environment in which people can add new data, and that goes into the common pool that is used to inform folk, and to make decisions. The Encyclopaedia of Life project will be designed so that the software and content are of this nature. There can be interfaces through plankton*net, EOL or micro*scope; or through MICROBIS or through OBIS. HABP and IODE may or may not wish/need custom interfaces if we went along this path. Identification keys. The issue is to discriminate the toxic ones from the similar non-toxic ones. We intend to build matrix keys, and these can be built through LUCID software. MICROBIS/OBIS has experience here, and keys could focus on suites of species but not all of them (i.e. a key to the Alexandriums -0 but sufficiently tolerant to help people who get the taxon identification badly wrong). l  EMBED PowerPoint.Slide.8  Figure 1. Conceptual outline of how existing data products can be developed within the context of the IOC HAB and IODE programmes and in cooperation with CoML-OBIS-EOL-ICOMM (to be clarified in detail) Background information: The International Census of Marine Microbes (ICoMM) will facilitate the inventory of marine microbial diversity developing a strategy to (1) catalogue all known diversity of single-cell organisms inclusive of the Bacteria, Archaea, Protista and associated viruses, (2) to explore and discover unknown microbial diversity, and (3) to place that knowledge into appropriate ecological and evolutionary contexts. ICoMM is part of Census of Marine Life (CoML).  HYPERLINK "http://icomm.mbl.edu/" http://icomm.mbl.edu/ MICROBIS is the data base management system for the International Census of Marine Microbes. MICROBIS contains data from ICoMM supported research and legacy data from other sources.  HYPERLINK "http://icomm.mbl.edu/microbis/" http://icomm.mbl.edu/microbis/ The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) is the information component of the Census of Marine Life ( HYPERLINK "http://www.coml.org/coml.htm" \t "new" CoML), a growing network of more than 1000 researchers in 73 nations engaged in a 10-year initiative to assess and explain the diversity, distribution, and abundance of life in the oceans - past, present, and future. OBIS is a web-based provider of global geo-referenced information on marine species. We contain expert species level and habitat level databases and provide a variety of spatial query tools for visualizing relationships among species and their environment. OBIS strives to assess and integrate biological, physical, and chemical oceanographic data from multiple sources. Users of OBIS, including researchers, students, and environmental managers, will gain a dynamic view of the multi-dimensional oceanic world. You can explore this constantly expanding and developing facility through the  HYPERLINK "http://iobis.org" OBIS Portal. The OBIS Portal accesses data content, information infrastructure, and informatics tools - maps, visualizations, and models to provide a dynamic, global facility in four dimensions (the three dimensions of space plus time). Potential uses are to reveal new spatial/temporal patterns; to generate new hypotheses about the global marine ecosystem; and to guide future field expeditions. The scope of OBIS offers new challenges in data management, scientific cooperation and organization, and innovative approaches to data analysis. Maintaining the principle of open access, the digital atlas developed by OBIS is expected to provide a fundamental basis for societal and governmental decisions on how to harvest and conserve marine life. The November 2000 (Vol.13 No.3) issue of Oceanography, the official magazine of The Oceanography Society, was dedicated to OBIS, and reports of meetings and workshops, together with other publications, can be found at the  HYPERLINK "http://www.iobis.org/publications" Publications COHH are the US Centers for Human Health and Ocean Sciences established by the National Science Foundation ( HYPERLINK "http://www.nsf.gov/" NSF) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Services ( HYPERLINK "http://www.niehs.nih.gov/" NIEHS), one of the National Institutes of Health. There are four joint Centers for Oceans and Human Health (COHH) at University of Washington, University of Hawaii, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, University of Miami. The center at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, directed by John Stegeman and Dennis McGillicuddy, will study populations of the toxic plankton Alexandrium in the Gulf of Maine and the relationship of its various genotypes to its toxicity, as well as the hydrodynamic and biological controls on these populations and how they affect shellfish toxicity.  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