ࡱ> tvs` bjbjss A@+Z Z Z Z Z Z Z n v'v'v'8'4'ln m$Z(Z(p(p(p()") )<\>\>\>\={\IdI m$ohFr1mZ !,))!,!,1mZ Z p(p(4Fm8...!,Z p(Z p(<\.!,<\..DW0Z Z $Zp(N( Ҟv',XtX$x[~m<mXr=-rH$Z$ZrZ 8Z@)Z8*@.x*4*u)))1m1m=.X)))m!,!,!,!,n n n R$ n n n Rn n n Z Z Z Z Z Z   WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION ________________________  INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (OF UNESCO) ________________________ JOINT WMO-IOC TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE METEOROLOGY (JCOMM) EXPERT TEAM ON MARITIME SAFETY SERVICES Task Team on Maritime Safety Information GENEVA, SWITZERLAND, 9 TO 11 MARCH 2009TT-MSI/Doc. 5.2 (23.II.2009) __________ ITEM 5.2 Original: ENGLISH Improvement of sea-state information specification for MSI (text bulletins and graphical products) (Submitted by the ETWS members) Summary and Purpose of Document This document provides suggestions for the specification of wave information for MSI (text bulletins and graphical products). ACTION PROPOSED The Task Team is invited to: Note and comment on the information provided as appropriate; Consider these suggestions in developing proposals for inclusion of sea-state information specifications in the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558). ______________________ DISCUSSION 1. Suggestions to classify and define wave information with respect to the user requirements are presented below. Forecast bulletins and warnings Parameters to be included are: Significant wave height Hs of the total spectrum. If Wind Sea is, the dominating wave regime Hs should be given in combination with the term SEA. When winds begin to decrease or shift direction the term SEA/SWELL may also be adequate. Direction and significant wave height of the primary swell, only if it can clearly be distinguished from wind sea (e.g. SW 6-7 Bft (*), SEA 3m, SWELL NW 4m) or in absence of wind sea. *) Note: Wind may also be given in knots or m/s. 3. Bulletins should include a definition of wave parameters (significant wave height, sea, swell) or at least a link to a corresponding web page or other publication. 4. Parameters not to be included: Maximum height of single waves should not be forecast in general. However, in case of extreme and persisting storm events, freak waves are likely to occur and should be mentioned. Special clients only (see below) request Wave periods, wavelengths and other parameters. 5. Rules for the formulation of wave forecasts: For a better comprehension, wave height statements should contain not more than two numerical quantities (less is more). Wave height should be given in meters with accuracy not higher than 0.5m. In cases of uniform wave height distribution in the forecast area, a range may be given, but not larger than 1m (SEA 3.5 to 4.5m, or SEA about 4m). If wave heights are distributed in homogeneously, only the highest waves should be given, together with a geographical description (e.g. western part up to 7m). The same holds for a development in time (increasing up to 5m, 4m, decreasing slowly). 6. Special rules for warnings Including wave information in wind/gale/storm warnings should be optional. Wave warnings (independent from wind/gale/storm warnings) should be mandatory only in regions, where high swell may occur far from the generating storm. Thresholds for wave warnings depend on the forecast area and should therefore be defined by the responsible Marine Weather Service, rather than being recommended in the manual. Cross-seas warnings should be issued only, if wave heights being crucial for shipping or other maritime activities. Products for special clients 7. All parameters being provided by wave forecast models may be included here. The range of applications is wide and products very individual, from ship routing to off shore consultancy. Therefore, it is not meaningful to define standards in the manual. Graphical products The current manual refers to radio-facsimile products and defines how to draw wave charts. In the mean time, a great variety of wave charts can be found on the web. There are no restrictions on the selection of parameters. However, some rules should be stated, e.g. concerning the nomenclature used in headers and the colours used for shading. _____________     MSI/Doc. 5.2, p.  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