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Text body ЄЄx /q‚ List^J@ў’@Caption ЄxЄx $CJ6^JaJ]&ўЂ&Index $^J<ўВ< Balloon TextOJQJCJaJ4Т4Header ЦрР!ЄЄ4 в4Footer ЦрР!ЄЄ4ўт4Table Contents $>ўсђ> Table Heading $a$ $5\Б ,џџџџ ќ`ШZVb0o Іс} М э Є ж њ h Ѓ а Ѓ Xџ€Xџ€Xџ€Xџ€Xџ€џџџџџџџџџџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџ„„Цџџџџџџџ@Б Б P GTimes New Roman5Symbol3&ArialG& HelveticaArialWCambriaTimes New Roman7CalibriI&Arial Unicode MS5TahomaCLucida GrandeCаh’кЪ&ф вІЦ„ ƒЦ„ '№0№ќ§€гDаЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ рЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ bhttp://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htmЫDаЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ рЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ Zhttp://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/гDаЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ рЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ bhttp://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htmЙDаЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ рЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ Hhttp://cdiac3.ornl.gov/hydrography/ЫDаЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ рЩъyљКЮŒ‚ЊKЉ Zhttp://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/ўџр…ŸђљOhЋ‘+'Гй0и PXt„ œ Ј Д Р Ьщ§Peter PissierssensNormalThomas Gross3@vнA@@ьA† 8Щ@‰•ћ’ЩўџеЭеœ.“—+,љЎDеЭеœ.“—+,љЎ\щ§щ§ьЅM П0bCaolan80 :,Ѓ џџџџџџl   Д8ь$R$^^г Xl‚>V` йLimited distribution IOC/GSSC XII/3.1.1a Feb. 27, 2009 Original: English INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Twelfth Session of the GOOS Scientific Steering Committee (GSSC-XII) Perth, Australia, February 25-27 2009 Thermodynamics and Equation of State of Seawater. TEOS-10 Tom Gross, Keith Alverson, IOC Summary of the document The 41st Executive Council of the IOC instructed the Executive Secretary to present to the Assembly, at its 25th session, the new equation of state of seawater that has been developed by SCOR-IAPSO working group 127 and to invite the Assembly to consider adopting a resolution formally adopting this new standard. WG127 has recommended the adoption of Absolute Salinity to be used in journals to describe the salinity of seawater and to be used as the salinity argument to algorithms that give the various thermodynamic properties of seawater. This recommendation deviates from the current practice of working with Practical Salinity and typically treating it as the best estimate of Absolute Salinity. At the same time, the WG strongly recommend that the salinity that is reported to national oceanographic data centers remain Practical Salinity as determined on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (suitably updated to ITS-90 temperatures). Appendices: A.  HYPERLINK "http://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htm"http://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htm) B.  HYPERLINK "http://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/"http://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/. DRAFT TEXT FOR INCLUSION IN THE SUMMARY REPORT The committee appreciated the report on TEOS-80 provided by Trevor McDougal on behalf of SCOR. A proposal was presented which would update the equation of state for seawater (UNESCO, 1980) to be in accord with the latest scientific developments. The GSSC XII is invited to recommend adoption of the new formulation that has been developed by the SCOR/IAPSO Working Group 127 by governments at the upcoming 25th Session of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO in June 2009. The Practical Salinity Scale and the International Equation of State of Seawater (EOS-80), which expresses the density of seawater as a function of Practical Salinity, temperature and pressure, have served the oceanographic community very well for thirty years. However, several inaccuracies in these existing standards have become apparent suggesting that it may be timely to more accurately redefine the international standard for the thermo physical properties of seawater. In 2005, SCOR and IAPSO established Working Group 127 on the  Thermodynamics and Equation of State of Seawater ( HYPERLINK "http://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htm"http://www.scor-int.org/Working_Groups/wg127.htm) and this group has now produced a suggested new series of algorithms (TEOS-10). The TEOS-10 is documented in a pdf file  Thermodynamic Manual 09Jan09 available for download here ( HYPERLINK "http://cdiac3.ornl.gov/hydrography/"http://cdiac3.ornl.gov/hydrography/). The computer code that implements the new approach (FORTRAN and MATLAB routines) can be downloaded here ( HYPERLINK "http://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/"http://www.marine.csiro.au/~jackett/TEOS-10/). 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