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Part A - UNESCO Approved Programme and Budget 2008–2009 (34 C/5) 02000 General Conference resolution 34 C/Res.21 for Major Programme II The General Conference 1. Authorizes the Director-General: (a) to implement the plan of action for Major Programme II, structured around the following two biennial sectoral priorities and four main lines of action, with special emphasis on the needs of Africa, gender equality, youth, LDCs, SIDS and the most vulnerable segments of society, including indigenous peoples, focused on the contributions of science and technology to poverty eradication, peace and sustainable development, and reflecting actions to be undertaken under the relevant intersectoral platforms, in order to: Biennial sectoral priority 1: Promoting research and technical capacity-building for the sound management of natural resources and for disaster preparedness and mitigation [...] (iii) strengthen the activities of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), as the established intergovernmental body on oceans and coastal zones within the United Nations system, reinforcing its role in improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation through ocean sciences and services in order to improve understanding of climate change and its impacts, including sea-level rise, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity; continue to observe and monitor the open ocean and coastal seas, to prepare policy recommendations for discussion by Member States, and to foster the development of institutional capacity for coastal and marine management and for marine scientific research with a view to contributing to sustainable development, in particular in developing countries, LDCs and SIDS, and to achieving the MDGs; and increase efforts to allocate resources for the benefit of Africa and LDCs, particularly with regard to the consequences of climate change; [...] (v) provide sufficient resources to IOC in order to facilitate the implementation of a Global Tsunami Warning System within its efforts to contribute to the development of national and regional capacities for disaster prevention, preparedness and mitigation, with a special emphasis on women, through a multi-hazard approach, and to assist in the establishment and development of tsunami early warning systems in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean and connected seas, and the Caribbean and adjacent seas; 2. Requests the Director-General: (a) to implement the various activities authorized by this resolution, to the maximum extent possible through intersectoral platforms; (b) to report in the statutory reports on the achievement of the following expected results, including information on the cost-efficient use of human and financial resources, particularly in the areas of travel, publications and contractual services, for each of the results reported, following the principles of transparency, efficiency and rationalization: [...] Main line of action 2: Oceans and coastal zones: improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation through ocean sciences and services  % Management of ocean resources and coastal areas improved via development of policy-relevant information on impacts of climate change and variability on marine ecosystems and coastal zones  % Healthier ocean ecosystems and sustainable coastal and ocean environments achieved by means of development and dissemination of scientific research, better information and procedures on which policies may be based  % IOC Biennial Strategy 2008 2009 implemented and results achieved reported to UNESCO governing bodies Main line of action 3: Promoting science, knowledge and education for disaster preparedness and mitigation, and enhancing national and regional coping capacities, including through support for the development of risk reduction networks and monitoring and assessment measures, such as tsunami early warning systems  % Risks from tsunamis and other ocean-related hazards reduced through early warning systems and preparedness and mitigation measures [...] 02007 Capacity-building and research activities will build on the success of the two UNESCO science-related category 1 institutes, i.e. the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education (IHE) and the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), as well as the six UNESCO intergovernmental and international scientific programmes (ISPs), namely IBSP, IGCP, IHP, IOC, MAB and MOST, taking advantage of their networks and capacities at the international, national and site levels. For instance, the World Network of Biosphere Reserves will be used as biosphere-based observation and learning laboratories for sustainable development. These efforts will be complemented by almost 200 UNESCO Chairs and UNITWIN networks in the natural sciences aimed at enhancing academic solidarity and excellence through North-South, South-South and triangular (South-North-South) cooperation. 02008 […] The Organization will also continue to promote national and international scientific data exchange policies and frameworks that secure the free and open access to global public goods information, and IOC, which provides Member States with a mechanism for global cooperation in the study of the oceans, will concentrate efforts on completing the Global Ocean Observing System for which UNESCO has been given a leadership role. 02014 Addressing the needs of Africa The January 2007 African Union Summit was devoted to the theme “Science, Technology and Research for Africa’s Development” underlining the critical role of science, technology and innovation for the socio-economic development of the continent. UNESCO, as the lead of the United Nations S&T Cluster of NEPAD, was closely associated with the elaboration of NEPAD’s Science and Technology Consolidated Plan of Action (CPA), and will also lend its support to the implementation of the CPA to strengthen science and technology policies and planning capacities of African Member States. The Organization will contribute through policy advice, advocacy and capacity-building. Collaboration will be developed with scientific and engineering networks to enhance South-South and North-South interactions. Emphasis will be placed on three flagship projects, namely: capacity-building in science policy; science, technology and engineering education; and the establishment of an African virtual campus. Assistance will be provided to African Member States in building quality science policies, standards and monitoring arrangements, and in developing policy environments conducive to scientific innovation. An African Forum for Science and Technology Policy will also be established to provide a platform for dialogue, harmonization of policies, information exchange and experience sharing. UNESCO will contribute to the revitalization of higher education and research institutes in Africa and will support various initiatives for improving science and technology programmes. University industry linkages will also be promoted and strengthened, notably through regional pilot projects to set up science incubators and parks. […] The results of the UNESCO/IOC cross-cutting project on the Applications of Remote Sensing for Integrated Management of Ecosystems and Water Resources in Africa will be consolidated as a follow-up to the GOOS-AFRICA Framework of Action. Training and capacity empowerment in remote sensing, modelling and data analysis and products delivery will be key areas of GOOS-AFRICA activities. In the framework of the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System, the network of real-time sea-level stations and seismographs in Eastern and Western African States will be strengthened. Likewise, a project addressing the expansion of coastal erosion in Western Africa will be initiated and technical missions in physical oceanography will visit Western Africa to introduce numerical coastal modelling for coastal area management. UNESCO is also working to develop effective adaptation measures to climate change in Africa through several interrelated activities. The TIGER Initiative, undertaken in cooperation with the European Space Agency, uses earth observation technology to improve our understanding of the hydrological cycle and water resources management in Africa. The GARS programme actively promotes the organization of workshops on groundwater management in Africa. Moreover, UNESCO/IOC will collaborate with the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses and with the Variability of the African Climate System project through CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Predictability), and will lend its support to projects concerning living marine resources in the Benguela Current area through GLOBEC (Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics). […] IOC has implemented a wide range of activities in Africa including: (i) development of an ocean observation network, by supporting the installation of tide gauges and launching of drifting buoys, (ii) capacity-development through the organization of training courses and provision of equipment in East and West Africa; (iii) formulation and implementation of projects addressing coastal management decision making including shoreline influenced by climate change; and (iv) development of data and information products for coastal management, including national marine atlases. IOC collaborated with the African Union Commission in providing technical briefing expertise at the African Ministers Conference on the Environment in Nairobi (April 2009) and Addis Ababa (October 2009) on the impacts of Climate change on the coastal zones of Africa, and with a team of four experts at the Climate Change Conference in December 2009 in Copenhagen, Denmark. African experts, supported by IOC, were responsible for the briefings in the spirit of the self-driven concept of IOC Capacity-development. Small Island Development States (SIDS) are prioritised through IOC programmes in various regions globally. The above mentioned activities in the Africa region illustrate the support to issues important to SIDS; namely, coastal resource management and climate change adaptation. Technical training and projects in the Seychelles and Zanzibar, Tanzania are examples of these. 02015 Gender equality / women’s empowerment Gender equality considerations will continue to be mainstreamed in all activities of Major Programme II. In water sciences, training, capacity-building, educational activities and research projects will be designed, monitored and evaluated through a gender equality perspective. Efforts will be made to ensure a more gender-balanced representation in networks of experts, as well as access of women not only to hydrological research but also to the outputs of such research. […] UNESCO/IOC strives to achieve gender balance in all its capacity-building activities, including support to women scientists in their work environment in the follow-up to training courses. Expected gender equality outcome for the biennium 2008–2009 has been achieved—the average attendance of women at IOC sponsored functions (meetings; training workshops; travel grants and fellowships) and in specific regions is between 14% and 25% which is higher than target of 10% of total invitees that was originally proposed by IOC. Biennial sectoral priority 1: Promoting research and technical capacity-building for the sound management of natural resources and for disaster preparedness and mitigation [...] 02021 In the context of global changes, the role of the oceans in the earth system is of critical importance. UNESCO/IOC will catalyse new directions for improving climate change prediction and for its underlying science; monitor the changing ocean through ocean observation and process studies at the regional and global levels; build capacity for addressing the scientific issues and the challenges of coastal area management and monitoring; and improve livelihoods from healthy oceans and coasts through informed governance and strengthened intergovernmental cooperation. Earth observation and monitoring are essential for reducing scientific uncertainty about the role of the oceans in climate change as well as the effects of climate change on ocean processes and resources. UNESCO/IOC will continue to provide the lead for the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS), which is the oceanographic component of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), reporting in this capacity to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). GOOS supports operational ocean services worldwide through observation, modeling and analysis of marine and ocean data including living resources, providing valuable and often life-saving information to end-users. The societal benefits of improved ocean observation will remain at the centre of the actions carried out in the framework of GOOS. All activities under main line of action 2 are underpinned by capacity-building, as most international efforts in marine sciences incorporate a training and institutional development component. Coordination with other ISPs (for example in marine biosphere reserves or World Heritage sites) and other United Nations organizations (especially UNDP, UNEP, FAO, IMO, IAEA and WMO) will primarily consist of management efforts in field projects. A communication strategy will be developed to promote awareness of ocean issues and the importance of ocean sciences. [MLA 2] 02022 The increasing vulnerability to natural and anthropogenic disasters, including those of a technological nature, poses a major threat to sustainable development and often affl icts poor populations. In its contribution to the United Nations system-wide implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action on Disaster Resilience 2005-2015, UNESCO will play a pivotal role within the United Nations multi-stakeholder cluster concerned with the advancement of knowledge to understand natural hazards by strengthening education, public awareness and communication towards disaster preparedness. The Organization will offer forums for the development of knowledge and education networks concerned with the assessment of natural hazards and the mitigation of their effects, including through the use of ICTs, space, innovation and engineering technologies. Capacity-building at regional and country levels will be promoted. UNESCO, through IOC, will also spearhead and coordinate international efforts to establish early warning systems and will continue to promote policies favouring approaches which combine the natural and social sciences and education to develop disaster reduction strategies. [MLA 3] [...] 02024 UNESCO/IOC was mandated by the United Nations as the lead agency for coordinating the planning and implementation of tsunami early warning and mitigation systems, based on its accumulated experience of four decades of coordinating the Pacific Tsunami Warning System. In 2008–2009, IOC will consolidate the establishment of the Indian Ocean Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation System. It will also expand this mechanism to other regions and will coordinate a global system in line with the UNESCO Strategy for Establishing a Global Tsunami Warning System. All such systems will apply an integrated multi-hazard approach, and will therefore include preparedness and awareness components besides the detection networks and risk assessment. [MLA 3] 02026 Main line of action 2: Oceans and coastal zones: improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation through ocean sciences and services Expected results at the end of the biennium Management of ocean resources and coastal areas improved via development of policy-relevant information on impacts of climate change and variability on marine ecosystems and coastal zones. Degree of complete implementation of the open ocean module of the GOOS Benchmark end 2009: 62% of system (composed of a network of buoys, moorings, floats, tide gauges, and repeat ship of opportunity hydrographic lines) set up – baseline: 58%) At the end of 2009, 62% of the in situ system was complete, according to information from JCOMM. The status of the ocean observing system for climate was reported by GOOS through GCOS to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (GCOS No. 129, GOOS No. 173, August 2009). GOOS and GCOS also prepared a draft update of the GCOS Implementation Plan (GCOS No. 92) to include a growing focus on new variables, and to respond to UNFCCC and IOC Member States interest in a better understanding of local climate change and projections, and on the impacts of climate variability and change on the marine environment. The initial goals of GOOS are being met, but at a slower rate than originally planned and timely completion of the 2012 target goals do not seem plausible. The OceanObs’09 Conference (21–25 September 2009, Venice, Italy), where IOC was the lead program sponsor and ESA the lead logistical sponsor, brought over 600 scientists from 36 countries together to envision a coming decade of sustained ocean observations in service of society. The conference statement called for expansion of sustained ocean observations to include new biogeochemical and ecosystems parameters, while sustaining the present effort focused on physics and carbon. IOC is providing secretariat to a task team that will recommend an integrating framework for these observations, taking advantage of existing structures. The World Climate Conference-3 (31 August–4 September 2009, Geneva, Switzerland) established a Global Framework for Climate Services to strengthen the provision and use of climate predictions and information worldwide. IOC is working with the High-Level Taskforce developing the framework to ensure ocean observations are a core component, as well as the specific local needs of IOC Member States. Outreach projects in 2009 put the GOOS name and image out front through displays at UNFCCC meetings and during OceanObs09. Display and handout materials including the Gorick Poster and a “Summary for Policy Makers” brochure were prepared as part of these outreach efforts. In addition new constituencies are being targeted through the GSSC organized “Small Sea Changes; Big Business Impacts” workshops. Liaisons with outreach programs of POGO and Ocean United have also brought increased awareness at ocean research institutes. 1 Policy Brief on sea level established and disseminated A sea level brief has been developed and is in final revision. Number of new cases where results from IOC globally-coordinated or sponsored ocean-related climate research and forecasts have been applied to address national priorities in climate assessment, adaptation, or mitigation Benchmark end 2009: 10 countries Results from the second symposium on ‘The Ocean in a High CO2 World’, held on 6–8 October 2008 in Monaco under the high patronage of His Serene Highness Prince Albert II to assess what is known about ocean acidification, were published as a special issue of Biogeosciences ( HYPERLINK "http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/special_issue43.html" http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/special_issue43.html) and as a Summary for Policymakers, which has now been translated into French and Spanish. A “Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting” is being developed. The West Africa project on Adaptation to Climate Change in Coastal Zones (ACCC) officially launched in November 2008, in collaboration with UNDP and funded by the Global Environment Facility. The following countries are benefiting: Senegal, Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde. Implementation of pilot adaptation measures have been initiated in all 5 countries. A Regional Project Unit has been put in place in Dakar (UNESCO Office) and is technically supporting the activities of the 5 countries. Three training courses on coastal adaptation tools and techniques have been organised in 2009. IOC together with the UNESCO Montevideo office organised a regional consultation meeting (1–3 December 2009) with the objective to develop a regional project on coastal adaptation and ICAM, with participation from Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina. The preparation process is continuing in 2010. IOC participated in the World Ocean Conference held in Manado (11–15 May 2009) focusing on climate change and the Development of Policy Responses to Global Ocean Changes (Ocean Warming, Sea Level Rise, Ocean Acidification, Changes in Currents, Changes in Polar Regions). The Conference adopted a declaration which was transmitted to the UNFCCC COP meeting, Copenhagen. Together with the Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts and Islands, IOC co-organised the Ocean Day at Copenhagen COP meeting (December 2009). Healthier ocean ecosystems and sustainable coastal and ocean environments achieved by means of development and dissemination of scientific research, better information and procedures on which policies can be based. Progress achieved in global monitoring of the oceans Benchmark end 2009: assessment of assessments phase of the regular process for global reporting and assessment on the state of the marine environment completed and transmitted to the United Nations General Assembly Assessments of Assessments (AoA) report was published and submitted to the UN General Assembly following seven meetings of the AoA Group of Experts organized between March 2007 and 2009. The AoA report was peer-reviewed and presented to the Ad Hoc Steering Committee in April 2009 (UNESCO, Paris) and transmitted to the UN General Assembly in June 2009. Supporting activities include: the establishment of a functional on-line virtual office to facilitate the exchange of resources among the members of the Group of Experts; a website ( HYPERLINK "http://www.unga-regular-process.org" www.unga-regular-process.org) to inform Member States on the progress of this project; a dedicated brochure, and a database of existing marine assessments (GRAMED) containing more than 400 individual entries. IOC participated in the UNGA Ad Hoc Working Group of the whole to recommend a course of action on the Regular Process to the General Assembly (September 2009). As a complementary project to the Assessment of Assessment/Regular Process, since July 2009, IOC is leading the development of marine assessment methodologies through the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). IOC is coordinating two working groups on Coastal/LME and Open Ocean methodologies. It is expected that the results of the TWAP will be directly applicable in the future Regular Process. Benchmark completed. An international strategy for a decadal survey of large scale circulation and carbon cycle processes of the oceans (2013–2023) was developed and presented at the OceanObs’09 Conference (21–25 September 2009, Venice, Italy). The largest global dataset of surface ocean carbon ever assembled was developed, in a common format and publicly available, to improve studies of ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2. The dataset continues to grow as the international community continues to contribute data. Number of countries with strengthened scientific capabilities to understand, forecast and manage marine and coastal environmental problems Benchmark end 2009: 3 new local and regional initiatives utilizing IOC management guidelines and results from IOC coastal research activities A draft plan for an integrating activity on integrated coastal research on direct human influences on coastal ocean functioning and ecosystem health was prepared jointly by GlobalNEWS and GEOHAB Core Research and was endorsed as a new activity by the 25th Session of the IOC Assembly in June 2009. A Steering Committee was established in December 2009 composed of experts, scientists and managers. Regarding Harmful Algae Blooms, a cross-disciplinary HAB modelling workshop was held in June 2009 and will result in a special issue of Limnology & Oceanography. An Open Science Meeting on HABs in Eutrophied Systems was held in October 2009 to advance implementation of GEOHAB Core Research. Three international training workshops were held and enhanced capacity for HAB observations and management of 45 experts. A meeting of regional IOC HAB network (HANA North Africa) assessed HAB impacts in the region and facilitated exchange of knowledge and data. The Regional Organization for Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) conducted two workshops jointly with IOC to strengthen HAB mitigation capacity and collate HAB event data. 30 countries in 4 regions supported in the management of coastal and marine resources through capacity-building and increased access to available ocean data and information products. Benchmark end 2009: 15 workshops (cumulative) for strengthening marine science institutes; 2 networks of UNESCO/IOC Chairs partnering in implementing regional projects; 10 new countries joining regional ocean data and information networks Capacity Development Capacity Development activities were conducted in two streams: (i) Self-driven Capacity-development Programme, and (ii) Research and education through the longstanding TEMA Programme. (i) Self-driven capacity development workshops include: SIDA project workshops Two Leadership Workshops in the IOCWIO (Maputo, Mozambique, 10–14 April 2008), IOCINDIO and IOCWIO regions (Hyderabad, India, 10–14 May 2008) involving 13 and 10 countries respectively. Four Bid-writing Workshops for the IOCEA (6–10 October 2008, Loango Bay, Congo), IOCARIBE ( 5–8 December 2007, Sao Paulo, Brazil; 11–21 November 2008, Cartagena, Colombia) and IOCINDIO/WESTPAC (10–14 December 2008, Sabah, Malaysia) involving 5, 10 and 10 countries respectively focusing on developing competitive transboundary project proposals for each of the regions; One Decision Support Tools (DST) workshop conducted in Nairobi (IOCWIO) (24 November – 5 December 2009) involving 5 countries and focussing on hydrodynamic modelling. Appropriate DST software and data allowed institutes to communicate effectively with policymakers and cost-effectively research many marine issues of national priority; One workshop in Kribi, Cameroon (23–27 November 2009) with awareness raising and data collection workshop in the IOCEA region with 13 participants from 5 countries (from Angola, Congo, Cameroon, DR Congo and Gabon) trained in modelling. One portable tide gauge was installed in the port of Kribi and Cameroonian colleagues trained in its use. GPS-echo sounders were provided to Cameroon, Congo, and Gabon for use by Central African scientists to survey coastal bathymetry. Feedback from participants indicates that the presentation of methods and best practices for director’s to work and grow their leadership was very useful and inspiring as was the opportunity to develop regional networks of marine scientists and institutions. The second phase was development of DST as visual, interactive tools, to inform stakeholders and decision makers on management issues for coastal cities and the environment. Institutions in the WIO region moved on to the implementation phase of DST activities: identifying funding sources and initiating 6 projects in 4 countries addressing coastal and marine management issues. Baseline reports on aspects of the ecosystem, driving processes, and stakeholder needs have been undertaken at these sites, as part of the project. Physical data collection includes: winds, tides, freshwater inputs, currents, bathymetry, sediments, and water quality properties. Data and models generated can now be used to address other management issues at the sites: Hydrodynamic Modelling for Stakeholders of the WIO Region – 1st workshop: development of projects from Mozambique, Quelimane, Mozambique, 31August – 5 September 2009 Hydrodynamic Modelling for Stakeholders of the WIO Region – 2nd workshop: development of projects from Kenya and Seychelles, Mombasa, Kenya, 7–12 September, 2009 SIDA project activities in Global Response to Climate Change Two awareness raising events for AMCEN ministers and climate negotiators (May 2009, Nairobi, Kenya; and October 2009, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) to raise awareness on climate-change in the coastal zones of Africa in preparation for the climate change negotiations at COP15. One team to support African ministers and COP15 negotiators during the UNFCCC conference (December 2009, Copenhagen). ReCoMaP Project on Empowering NSAs in Tanzania to Plan for Sustainable Coastal Livelihood using Decision Support Tools One Modelling Coastal Change workshop, Zanzibar, Tanzania, 9–21 November 2009. Data collected, model developed and scientific report prepared on hydrodynamics of Jambiani Coast, Zanzibar; training of 10 participants involved in hydrodynamic modelling in Tanzania through workshop; One 1st Stakeholder workshop on Future Coastal Change Tanzania (Jambiani–Bwejuu coast of east Zanzibar, Tanzania, 16–20 November 2009). Participatory stakeholder workshop for communities and stakeholders on management approaches that mitigate the problem of erosion, and plan coastal development based on predicted future shoreline changes; Coast-Map-IO with Capacity Development collaboration Coast-Map-IO Training Course: Tsunami Modelling, Inundation Mapping and Remote Sensing hosted by INCOIS (27 October - 7 November 2008, Hyderabad, India). Twenty one scientists and hydrographers from 11 countries of Indian Ocean Region were trained. Five teachers from German and Indian National institutions lectured and exchanged experiences with the training participants. Workshop on Drafting project proposal to International financial institutions (1 November–7 November 2009, Hyderabad, India), hosted by INCOIS. Fourteen managers, scientists and hydrographers from 12 countries of Indian Ocean region were trained by International team of 3 teachers from UK and India. (ii) TEMA Programme: Four Training-Through-Research (TTR) activities with participation from about 60 young researchers in marine sciences from over 25 countries including (a) the TTR-17 cruise; (b) Baltic Floating University cruise; (c) three 4-week long University of the Sea (UoS) cruises; (d) TTR-Flanders/UNESCO project wrap-up workshop on cold-water carbonate mounds. One University of the Sea (UoS) ‘training-through-research’ cruise in the Indian Ocean focused on geological-geophysical science in January-February. One post-cruise conference in January 2009 at the University of Granada (Spain), focused on analysis of the results of the previous year’s TTR-17 cruise. One Baltic Floating University (BFU) 10-day cruise on board the sailing catamaran Centaurus II took place in July in the Eastern part of the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) attended by 12 researchers and students. One UNESCO/IOC Chair in Mozambique led trainings and hands-on projects in hydrodynamic monitoring and modelling, and on the application of remote sensing techniques for research and monitoring of marine and coastal ecosystems and habitats. One Chair in Moscow in Marine Sciences in Russia carried out a number of training courses on cruises and at institutions, as well as undertaking project activities with students. One Chair for St. Petersburg facilitated international courses on the use and processing of satellite data for Oceanography involving 37 participants from Lithuania, Russia, and the Ukraine One UNESCO/IOC Chair in Concepción (Chile) conducted the Austral Summer Institute X (Academic Year 2009 to January 2010). 66 students from the region took part and fifteen professors from 5 countries delivered lectures. One Chair for St. Petersburg facilitated international courses on the use and processing of satellite data for Oceanography involving 37 participants from Lithuania, Russia, and the Ukraine One UNESCO Chair was established in 2009 at the Institute of Marine Sciences of the University of Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, Tanzania, in partnership with the School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Wales, UK IODE Programme In 2009 the development of the Regional Network of Pacific Marine Libraries (ODIN-PIMRIS) was started in close cooperation with PIMRIS (Pacific Islands Marine Resources Information System, which is a joint project of Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), SOPAC, SPC, SPREP and USP. Five IOC Member States from the region are involved in ODIN-PIMRIS: Cook Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa and Solomon Islands. Also in 2009 Azerbaijan established its National Oceanographic Data Centre; Ukraine decided to establish a second Designated National Agency, and Trinidad & Tobago re-established its Designated National Agency. Cooperation between IODE and SCOR was established in 2008. SCOR and IODE organized the "SCOR/IODE Workshop on Data Publishing " in 2008 (17–18 June 2008, IOC Project Office for IODE) to deal with this issue and decided to start a pilot activity to promote the ability to "publish" data sets as unique objects and their citation by other researchers as a missing incentive to improve data flow to NODCs. A second meeting was held at the IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend, Belgium on 9–11 March 2009, which resulted in a pilot project. Several meetings were held in 2008–2009 regarding cooperation between the IODE OceanDataPortal and WMO’s WIS and WIGOS which have led to concrete technical arrangements for the linking of the IODE ODP and WIS. Several training courses on the establishment of IODE OceanDataPortal data nodes were organized in 2008–2009, among which the WESTPAC Training Course for IODE Ocean Data Portal data providers (31 August - 4 September 2009):, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and (iii) 13 October 2009: Training Course on the establishment of IODE Ocean Data Portal data providers, Ostend, Belgium. The Recommendation to Adopt ISO 3166-1 and 3166-3 Country Codes as the Standard for Identifying Countries in Oceanographic Data Exchange has passed through the expert review and community review and was subsequently published on 6 January 2010 as a recommended standard. The Ocean Data and Information Network in Africa completed its third phase in December 2009; Funding was obtained for the fourth phase (2010–2013); The Caribbean Marine Atlas (2009–2012) project started in the second half of 2009. Between June 2009 and May 2010, a total of 10 training courses in ocean data and information management were organized at the IOC Project Office for IODE, Ostend. During its 25th Session, the IOC Assembly adopted Resolution XXV-4 (The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS)) thereby deciding to accept OBIS within the IODE Programme as from 2011. The 2009 OBIS managers committee meeting and OBIS strategy and work plan meeting were both held at the IOC Project Office for IODE in November 2009. They proposed a new structure for IODE including a new IODE Group of Experts for OBIS and a Steering Group for OBIS. Number of countries applying integrated approaches to the management of coastal and marine resources Benchmark end 2009: guidelines for ecosystem-based marine spatial planning tested in one biosphere reserve; development of: (i) indicator-based state of the coast reports and (ii) decision support tools for integrated coastal area management supported in 5 countries; 4 countries assisted to formulate integrated management approaches for coastal groundwater within the local integrated coastal area management framework (i) indicator-based state of the coast reports: Completed (ii) decision support tools for integrated coastal area management supported in 5 countries: Completed 4 countries assisted to formulate integrated management approaches for coastal groundwater within the local integrated coastal area management framework: Not completed, to be carried out in 2010–2011 biennium. SPINCAM project, aimed to develop indicators and State of the coast reports for the Pacific rim of Latin America (Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru), was launched in Guayaquil, Ecuador, in June 2008, in collaboration with CPPS. In its first phase, the project led to the identification of a set of indicators in each participating country which will be measured and integrated in a national and regional web based atlas system, developed in collaboration with ODINCARSSA and IODE. The Marine Spatial Planning Project, in collaboration with MAB has been completed in June 2009, thanks to funding from Moore and Packard foundations. A meeting of experts was held in March. The guidelines on MSP have been tested through two workshops in the USA (Massachusetts) and Viet Nam (Hanoi and Halong Bay). The Guidelines have been published and are available as IOC Guide on ‘Marine Spatial Planning – A Step by step approach towards ecosystem-based management’ (IOC Manual & Guide No. 53). The Coastal Hazard Mitigation Working Group established under ICAM and the Tsunami Programme, in collaboration with NOAA and WMO and with expert contributions from all Tsunami ICGs, also completed its work and led to the publication of the ‘Hazard Awareness and Risk Mitigation’ in ICAM guidelines (IOC Manual & Guide No. 50). The Guidelines are being used by several countries in the preparation of hazard mitigation and preparedness plans. IOC Biennial Strategy 2008–2009 implemented and results achieved reported to UNESCO governing bodies. This expected result refers to the whole complex of IOC activities within the 34 C/5; progress in this regard has been reported at the 35th General Conference of UNESCO (6–23 October 2009) and at the 184th Executive Board of UNESCO (30 March–15 April 2010). The IOC Biennial Strategy 2008–2009 is embedded in the approved 34 C/5 therefore reporting for both UNESCO and IOC Governing Bodies are consistent while with different level of aggregation. Some additional information is provided here. A Ministerial Round Table on Oceans was held on 12–13 October 2009 at the 35th UNESCO General Conference (Paris, 6–23 October 2009). The Roundtable on Oceans elicited an open dialogue and exchange of views among 26 attending Ministers on the subjects of: (i) The role of science and the United Nations in providing governance for the Ocean; (ii) The contribution of UNESCO to monitoring the state of the Ocean and its ecological services: the United Nations regular process; (iii) Ocean and climate change, the impacts on and from the Ocean: adapting coastal communities to sea-level rise. WESTPAC: The WESTPAC Secretariat has been assisting its member states in improving the governance and fostering regional cooperation through marine science, regional ocean observations and capacity development. Around twelve regionally-specific projects/programmes have been carried out (across climate change, natural hazards, healthy marine ecosystem and sustainable development of marine and coastal resources) in the forms of international workshops, joint cruises, training course, exchange of scholars. IOCARIBE: The First CLME (Caribbean Large Marine Ecosystem) Project Steering Committee Meeting and Inception Workshop were held in Cartagena, Colombia, in October 2009. 02027 Main line of action 3: Promoting science, knowledge and education for disaster preparedness and mitigation, and enhancing national and regional coping capacities, including through support for the development of risk reduction networks and monitoring and assessment measures, such as tsunami early warning systems Expected results at the end of the biennium Risks from tsunami and other ocean-related hazards reduced through early warning systems and preparedness and mitigation measures. Number of regional early warning systems for tsunamis and other ocean-related hazards operational Benchmark end 2009: 4 regional tsunami systems operational (Mediterranean and Caribbean seas) or strengthened (Pacific and Indian Ocean) as part of the global multi-hazard warning system Extended support was provided to all Intergovernmental Coordination Groups (ICGs) for Tsunami technical matters and capacity building to Member States; technical support groups were optimized in view of future merge; Secretarial support and assistance were provided to ICGs, with enhanced interaction with all stakeholders, including NGOs and IGOs. Pacific Ocean: Following the submarine earthquake of 29 September 2009 a Tsunami Warning was put into effect for the Southwest Pacific including American Samoa, Samoa, Niue, Wallis-Futuna, Tokelau, Cook Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Kiribati, Kermadec Island, Fiji, Howland-Baker, Javis Island, New Zealand, French Polynesia and Palmyra Island. The warning was cancelled at 21:36 UTC or 3:48 hrs after the warning. Since the epicentre was located just over 100 km from the south coast of Upolu, Samoa, the tsunami arrived on shore in less than 15 minutes but the excellent work of the Government of Samoa in recent years to develop an effective tsunami early warning system, working with communities, to raise public awareness and practicing drills and evacuation exercises absolutely helped save many lives of the people who had been taught how to respond. However the tsunami did result in loss of life and injuries, indicating that more outreach efforts are still needed. The First Meeting of the PTWS Task Team on Seismic Data Exchange in the South West Pacific was held on 19–20 October 2009 in Port Vila, Vanuatu. The First Meeting of the PTWS Regional Working Group on Tsunami Warning and Mitigation in Central America was held on 4–6 November 2009 in Managua, Nicaragua. Indian Ocean: A milestone achievement in 2009 was the conduct of the IOWave’09 tsunami response exercise, the first of its kind in the Indian Ocean. More than 18 countries participated in an ocean-wide tsunami exercise on 14 October, with 5 countries taking the exercise down to community level. The exercise was designed to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of the IOTWS, its operational Regional Tsunami Watch Providers (RTWP), National Tsunami Warning Centres (NTWC), and National Disaster Management Organisations (NDMO) in responding to a potentially destructive tsunami. IOWave09 provided an opportunity for Indian Ocean countries to test of their operational lines of communications, and a review of their tsunami warning and emergency response standard operating procedures. Meetings of the ICG/IOTWS Working Group 5 on a “System of Interoperable Advisory and Warning Centres” and of the ICG/IOTWS Steering Group were held, respectively on 1–2 and 3–4 December 2009, on Perth Australia. Caribbean Sea: As of 31 December 2009, there are over 110 seismic stations with real-time seismic data exchange capabilities in the Caribbean region. These stations are operated by local, regional and global seismic networks. Earthworm and SeisComP are used for the real-time exchange of seismic data. Seismic data exchange for tsunami warning purposes is progressing well in the region. Results from the USGS Network Capability Modelling study indicate that the CARIBE-EWS minimum performance criteria can be achieved with 121 core seismic stations. Of the 121 stations, there are 10 stations for which funding has yet to be identified. Significant improvement has been achieved in terms of sea level monitoring coverage. 100 sea level stations, including 94 coastal gauges and 6 DART buoys have been identified as part of the CARIBE-EWS core sea level network. The coastal stations have been divided into high and medium priority stations. Of the 100 stations, only 20 coastal stations, all in the north-eastern Caribbean, Bahamas and Bermuda, and 6 DART buoys are providing data within 15 minutes, the requirement for stations within the Caribbean due to the very short travel time of tsunamis to coastal areas. The CARIBE-EWS has been coordinating with regional and global seal level initiatives like the CARICOM Caribbean Centre for Climate Change, which has upgraded 11 stations in the region and IOCARIBE-GOOS and GLOSS who have long standing projects in the region. The coordination with these efforts will support the multipurpose application of these sea level stations. The USA, with support of the University of Hawaii Sea Level Centre (UHSLC) and the Puerto Rico Seismic Network (PRSN), has offered to install 11 additional sea level stations in the region during 2009-2010. The Fourth Session of the IOC Intergovernmental Coordination Group for Tsunami and Other Coastal Hazards Warning System for the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions (ICG/CARIBE-EWS-IV) took place in Fort de France, Martinique, 2–4 June 2009, hosted by France. The ICG/CARIBE EWS-IV approved a technical document prepared by its Working Group 1 on Technical, Logistical, and Administrative Requirements of a Regional Tsunami Warning Centre for the CARIBE EWS, which will be used as a standard to evaluate offers of Member States to host the Caribbean Tsunami Warning Center CTWC. On May 28, 2009, an earthquake M 7.3 struck off Honduras at 2:25 a.m. local time with a depth of 10 Km. PTWC issued on that occasion a Tsunami Watch for Honduras/Belize/Guatemala, 8 minutes after the earthquake. Local field surveys demonstrated later on that a small tsunami was generated, flooding some low-lying areas on the border Guatemala/Honduras. North-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean: The sixth session of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation System in the North-eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and Connected Seas (ICG/NEAMTWS-VI) was held in Istanbul, 11–13 November 2009. The session elected the officers for the next term, agreed to a programme of communication exercises to test the communication capability of the warning system, and established a Tsunami Information Centre (NEAMTIC) at the IOC Secretariat. The fourth meeting on the Task Team on the Regional TWS Architecture was also held, focusing on the development of an Interim Operational Users Guide for the candidate Regional Tsunami Watch Centres (Rome, 15–16 October 2009). The NEAMTWS has not yet reached the operational stage. Number of preparedness materials produced or communities at risk educated with respect to natural hazards impact prevention, preparedness and mitigation measures Benchmarks end 2009: 6 culturally adapted and gender-responsive tsunami preparedness educational materials produced in different languages; 1 community per regional warning system (4) educated in disaster prevention, mitigation and preparedness Indian Ocean: a Regional Seminar and Workshop on Tsunami Risk Assessment and Mitigation for Indian Ocean Countries was held on 3–9 November 2009 in Bangkok, Thailand. The workshop advised policy and/or decision makers from relevant ministries or agencies responsible for risk assessment at the national level on the key steps required in the process of undertaking risk assessment and its potential impact on achievement of development goals. Intersectoral platforms 08014 Support to countries in post-conflict and post-disaster situations The platform, involving all five Major Programmes, will be the framework for assisting countries in post-conflict and disaster transitions by: providing upstream policy advice and capacity-building to restore national planning and management capacities to cope with challenges; supporting dialogue, confidence-building and reconciliation efforts, in particular by providing local and national policy-makers with evidence based research and analysis as well as with a platform for policy debate and dialogue to define reconciliation and reconstruction options and to reinforce national ownership; empowering local communities to participate in peace processes and in responding to their needs for access to critical information; and supporting professional communities according to their specific needs. At the global level, UNESCO will advocate for the respect and protection of international standards in its domains. At the country level, the Organization’s assistance will be part of the overall United Nations integrated response to humanitarian and post-crisis situations and it will seek to strengthen cooperation with regional intergovernmental organizations and develop strategic partnerships with NGOs and professional associations involved in peace-building efforts. Action will be articulated around five main thrusts: reconstruction of education systems with the ultimate goal of realizing Education for All; providing advice and expertise in conflict resolution applied to natural resource management and to the integration of disaster prevention and mitigation efforts, in particular early warning systems into post-conflict and disaster responses; supporting the revitalization of in-country research facilities, policy formulation, implementation and monitoring in the various fields of the natural, social and human sciences; protecting damaged cultural and natural heritage, including emergency consolidation/rehabilitation of damaged cultural heritage sites and institutions as well as the safeguarding of endangered intangible cultural heritage; strengthening the role of communication and information in fostering mutual understanding, peace-building and reconstruction and promoting the development of institutional and human capacities for the development of sustained free, independent and pluralistic media.  % Expected results Participation in United Nations integrated post-conflict and post-disaster responses ensured, in particular with respect to common needs assessments, OCHA consolidated appeals, strategic and programmatic frameworks as well as funding mechanisms; Effective post-conflict and post-disaster operations put in place, with proper infrastructures and administrative mechanisms; Advisory services provided on natural resources management and the revitalization of institutions in post-conflict and disaster-affected countries; Framework and strategies for the safeguarding and protection of damaged cultural heritage, including intangible heritage, developed with a view to sustaining peace and social cohesion processes; Post-trauma healing of children and youth through artistic and sports activities supported; Evidence-based analysis and tools provided to policy-makers, supporting cultural pluralism, intercultural dialogue, and reconciliation; Networks for media professionals promoted and professional standards and self-regulatory mechanisms in post-conflict environment enhanced; Capacity for media to report on peace-building, conflict resolution and disaster awareness enhanced; Cultural diversity, dialogue and intangible heritage promoted through media and ICTs. The IOC participated and contributed to several regional Workshops for UNESCO Field Offices to introduce and familiarize staff with the rationale and approach to disaster risk reduction in all UNESCO Sectors and Programmes. The Tsunami Unit provided firsthand experience in cooperating with member states in responding to disasters (OCHA) or assessing their impact (post-Event Field Survey, Post Disaster Needs Assessment PDNA). The IOC provides continuous and detailed support of the Platform, and offers cooperation on a case-by-case basis. 08016 UNESCO Action to address climate change The intersectoral platform on climate change is conceived to support the implementation of the UNESCO Strategy to Address Climate Change that aims to develop an effective response to climate change and calls for action in all of the Organization’s fields of competence. The Strategy recognizes that an integrated approach to climate change is essential to address the range of environmental, economic, social, educational, informational, gender, attitudinal and behavioural issues involved. The intersectoral platform on climate change will subsequently benefit from and further enhance UNESCO’s potential to address interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral challenges; in line with the Medium-Term Strategy 2008-2013. The platform will take advantage of and facilitate collaboration among the over 40 already ongoing climate-relevant activities in all sectors of the Organization. This concerns especially the contributions to build the global knowledge base on climate change issues provided by UNESCO in the areas of oceanography, hydrology and ecological and earth sciences, as well as policy-relevant research on the human welfare dimensions of climate change. Examples of these dimensions are the impacts on the livelihoods of different social groups, on human settlements, and the prevention or management of climate-driven massive migrations. Improvements in the availability and sharing of such a knowledge base will greatly assist countries in developing long-term adaptation strategies and integrating these into national development/energy/poverty-reduction policies and plans. More specifically, the activities of the intersectoral platform on climate change will focus on three major themes: (a) climate research and assessments, (b) monitoring aspects of climate change, and (c) adaptation and mitigation. In this framework, the intersectoral platform will maximize contributions from the Natural Sciences, Social and Human Sciences, Culture, Education and Communication Sectors to develop capacity-building and technical advice to design and implement evidence-based policies and projects at the local, national, regional and global levels, drawing on two principal pillars: (a) the sound and unbiased generation and use of data, information and research concerning climate change (the knowledge base); and (b) the application of educational tools, specific sectoral measures and public awareness activities. The intersectoral platform will then support the UNESCO strategy by assisting Member States to build and maintain a requisite knowledge base on climate change, help adaptation to the impacts of climate change, contribute to a mitigation of its causes, and strengthen sustainable development.  % Expected results at the end of the biennium Enhanced scientific understanding of climate processes, drivers, and impacts for improved climate projections, with research and models scaled down to provide regional and subregional projections of climate change impacts; Improved understanding of the causes of vulnerability of social systems to climate change impacts, and the consequences of this vulnerability, in particular, social migrations and urban development; Increased Member State commitment to building and sustaining the Global Ocean observing systems for climates, including monitoring networks, coordination mechanisms, data systems and the creation of data products and information; Strengthened climate monitoring activities at UNESCO sites (Biosphere Reserves, World Heritage sites and Geoparks); Increased volume of and access to high-quality climate data and information for Member States, including regular analyses of needs, gaps and barriers; International agreement on priorities for implementation of global networks and development of policy-relevant information for observing the impacts of climate variability and change on ocean, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems and the biodiversity contained therein; Improved information on the impacts of climate change on World Heritage which will contribute to priority setting for management action; Improved understanding of climate change impacts and of adaptive capacities with particular emphasis on vulnerable societies, cultures, and ecosystems, including in World Heritage sites, Biosphere Reserves, and Geoparks; Increased use of integrated climate change adaptation measures and policies that respond appropriately to environmental, economic, cultural, social, gender, educational, attitudinal and behavioural factors; Enhanced education, training, and public awareness of climate change and its impacts, and strategies for adapting to change and mitigating its causes; Wider dissemination of knowledge and information on climate change, and to increase awareness of potential mitigation actions and strategies that elicit long-term behavioural change, especially through emphasis on environmental ethics, market mechanisms and dissemination of quality information through mass media that targets both women and men. From document 184 EX/4 (Draft 36 C/3, pp. 22-23): Achievements Emerging collaboration on a Global Framework for Climate Services supported jointly with WMO as co-conveners of the United Nations cross-cutting area on knowledge base and presented at UNFCCC COP-15. Mitigation of and adaptation to climate change promoted through enhanced education and public awareness, including the first UNESCO International Seminar on Climate Change Education held in close collaboration with the ISPs on SIDS and ESD, through support from Denmark. Significant progress made in assessing UNESCO’s greenhouse gas emissions and evaluating options for emission reductions and offsets. Challenges and lessons learned Climate change will be granted flagship status for extrabudgetary funding in the next biennium to overcome the challenge of the limited resources available for the operations of the platform. Climate change work at the international level is embedded in UNFCCC processes that are sometimes very complex. Part B - UNESCO Approved Programme and Budget 2010–2011 (35 C/5) 02000 General Conference resolution 35 C/Res.19 for Major Programme II The General Conference 1. Authorizes the Director-General: (a) to implement the plan of action for Major Programme II, structured around the following two biennial sectoral priorities and four main lines of action, with special emphasis on the needs of Africa, gender equality, youth, LDCs and SIDS, as well as the most vulnerable segments of society, including indigenous people, in order to: Biennial sectoral priority 1: Policies and capacity-building in science, technology and innovation for sustainable development and poverty eradication [...] (vii) strengthen the lead work of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), as the specialized intergovernmental body within the United Nations system, in improving ocean governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation through ocean sciences and services; improve scientific knowledge and understanding of oceanic and coastal processes with a view to supporting Member States, especially small island developing States and least developed countries, in the design and implementation of sustainable policies and approaches for prevention and reduction of the impacts of natural hazards, mitigation of the impacts of and adaptation to climate change and variability, and safeguarding the health of oceans and coastal ecosystems, as well as in the development of management procedures and policies leading to the sustainability of coastal and ocean environment and resources; and support Member States in developing capacities in ocean sciences, services and observations; [...] 2. Requests the Director-General: (a) to implement the various activities authorized by this resolution, to the maximum extent possible through intersectoral platforms; (b) to report periodically to the governing bodies, in the statutory reports, on the achievement of the following expected results: [...] Main line of action 4: Strengthening the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and broadening the scope of its activities for the benefit of all Member States: improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation to manage and protect oceans and coastal zones (17) Ocean observing systems and data exchange standards enhanced (18) Enhanced coordination of research on ocean ecosystems, marine habitats and biodiversity, and best practices promoted in the management of marine and coastal ecosystems (19) Risks from tsunami and other ocean and coastal-related hazards reduced, with special emphasis on particularly vulnerable regions in Africa, LDCs and SIDS (20) Member State requests for policy and capacity development responded to by integrating knowledge and experience available from all relevant IOC programmes, with special attention given to particularly vulnerable regions in Africa, LDCs and SIDS 02006 In order to improve its outreach and impact in Member States, Major Programme II will mobilize and enhance coordination of its wide-ranging inscribed country resources: IOC oceans research and monitoring systems from space and ground, MABs biosphere reserves, the natural World Heritage sites, IHP extended range of HELP, G-WADI and FRIEND centres, IOC, MAB, IHP, IGCP National Committees, UNESCO category 1 and 2 institutes and UNESCO Chairs and Networks, and the National Commissions. Capacity-building and research activities will build on the success of the two category 1 science institutes, the Abdus Salam Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) and the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, with ICTP playing a major role in science education. Furthermore, the International Basic Sciences Programme (IBSP) will foster the use of space technologies for promoting science education and enhancing public interest in science, and its role in development. The numerous category 2 centres in an array of disciplines will also further the Programme with related capacity-building implemented through South-South and North-South-South cooperation. A special effort was also made with regard to the 200 UNESCO chairs in the natural sciences, which have been clustered and linked to form networks on the basis of thematic groups, in order to reorient and align their main programme thrusts with UNESCO’s priority areas, build synergy, reduce the existing geographical imbalance and increase the sustainability of the chairs’ context. The long-term collaboration forged over the past years with international and regional NGOs, professional associations and major institutions working in the areas of science and technology and environment, as well as partnerships with the private sector, will be pursued and strengthened. 02010 Global priority Africa IOC will continue with the implementation of GOOS-Africa as a contribution to the CPA on Science and Technology, and the Plan of Action on Environment and Climate Change of the AU/NEPAD. The Ocean Data and Information Network for Africa (ODINAFRICA) will continue to promote the sustainable management of marine and coastal resources, as well as reducing the risks of ocean-related hazards, based on sound scientific knowledge. This will be achieved by strengthening the pan-African network of National Oceanographic Data Centres, and marine-related institutions, as a sustained mechanism for application of data, information and products in marine and coastal management in Africa. IOC will also continue to examine the shoreline changes due to climate change and the human dimension of those changes in West Africa.  % Expected results at the end of the biennium Science and technology policies and planning capacities of selected African Member States, including SIDS, strengthened UNESCO Action Plan, addressing the AU CPA on Science and Technology, focused on the implementation of its flagship projects Education and networking strengthened in basic and applied sciences Knowledge base and capacities in formulating national energy policies strengthened Knowledge base and capacities for national and regional freshwater management strengthened University-level Earth sciences education revitalized Adaptation strategies to manage coastal changes in West Africa provided The Seventh Session of IOCEA was held in Accra, Ghana, from 28 to 30 March 2010, after a 10-year hiatus; it reviewed options for strengthening IOC infrastructure for the management of IOC programmes in Africa, reaching decisions that recognized the need for their driving the reactivation of the regional committee. The first mission of the Executive Secretary was to attend the “Pan-African Workshop on Decision-Making Support for Coastal Zone Management, Water Resources and Climate Change in Africa”, organized in Cotonou, Benin, in collaboration with the African Union Commission. Africa is a vast continent, with varying needs in the different sub-regions, and IOC human and financial resources in the biennium need augmentation to empower Member States to address their national priorities. 02011 Global priority gender equality Gender equality considerations will continue to be mainstreamed, to the extent possible, in all activities of Major Programme II. In science policy, gender equality will be mainstreamed recognizing the need to promote science policy by, for and about women. Activities will include support to the design, implementation and evaluation of gender responsive science and technology policies, including a gender-balanced composition of science decision-making bodies and the integration of the gender dimension effectively into science policy development plans. A gender-balanced representation in science policy dialogue platforms, such as the Inter-Parliamentary Fora for Science and Technology, will be ensured. Special attention will be paid to the key role of women in the transmission, preservation and elaboration of local and indigenous knowledge, particularly that related to sustainable development, natural disaster preparedness and response, biodiversity conservation and climate change. Educational materials produced for indigenous schools will emphasize the important role of women as holders of unique and specialized indigenous knowledge. As recommended in the Mauritius Strategy and the Mauritius Declaration, policies will be promoted in SIDS which recognize that sustainable development in SIDS must be rooted in gender-specific traditional knowledge and practices, in conjunction with science. The role of women as agents of change and community cohesion at the local level will also be emphasized in SIDS-related activities. [...] UNESCO/IOC will also strive to achieve gender balance in all its capacity-building activities, including support to women scientists in their work environment in the follow-up to training courses. Activities on disaster prevention will emphasize the needs and roles of women in building a culture of disaster resilience. The importance of integrating a gender perspective as well as of engaging women in the design and implementation of all phases of disaster management will be highlighted. In particular, gender-sensitive and socioculturally relevant approaches incorporating local and indigenous practices for risk reduction will be promoted as integral components of education and training for disaster risk reduction. The role of women as key actors in natural disaster preparedness will be strengthened, notably with respect to education for disaster risk reduction through activities undertaken in the framework of the UN/ISDR Thematic Platform on Knowledge and Education, in which UNESCO plays a pivotal role.  % Expected results at the end of the biennium Professional education of women from developing countries in various natural sciences and engineering enhanced and promoted Participation by women in UNESCO-sponsored scientific networks and activities increased Inclusion of women in STI policy decision-making increased, and the reasons for their inclusion understood by policy makers The gender dimension of biodiversity conservation highlighted internationally Biennial sectoral priority 2: Sustainable management of freshwater, ocean and terrestrial resources, including renewable sources of energy, as well as disaster preparedness and mitigation 02021 The intergovernmental and international programmes related to sustainability and environmental sciences, namely the International Hydrological Programme (IHP), the Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB), the International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), will be the major vehicles for attaining the objectives under this biennial sectoral priority. UNESCO designated areas – biosphere reserves, geoparks, HELP basins and World Heritage sites – will be privileged research and demonstration sites for promoting scientific knowledge and cutting-edge research at the interface of sustainable development, environmental integrity and the rational management of natural resources. Special efforts will be made to improve the understanding of Earth system processes, including impacts from climate and other global changes on natural resources and development. IOC will expand its efforts to monitor and raise international attention on the issue of ocean acidification caused by global climate change. UNESCO will continue its work on disaster risk reduction providing coordination and policy support through science and education. The programmes will foster platforms for international and regional cooperation in the exchange of data and information on disaster risk assessment, early warning and mitigation, and provide policy guidance for education and public awareness in disaster preparedness. The successful promotion of monitoring networks and early warning systems in water and ocean-related disasters will be continued. As access to renewable and alternative energy sources is a key factor for sustainable development, policies and capacity-building will be promoted in this area by fostering cooperation and partnerships. Main line of action 4: Strengthening the UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and broadening the scope of its activities for the benefit of all Member States: improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation to manage and protect oceans and coastal zones 02031 The focus of IOC’s work during this biennium will be on improving governance and fostering intergovernmental cooperation through ocean sciences and services. It will also provide authoritative scientific and technical information for evidence-based policy recommendations aimed at improving the management and protection of oceans and coastal areas, including through the coordination of regional tsunami early-warning systems. IOC will further enhance its contribution to the scientific knowledge base for understanding global climate change, an area in which it has been assigned a joint lead role with the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in the context of the United Nations system efforts. 02032 The IOC programme will be organized around five actions. The first will contribute to building the knowledge base on oceans and climate through remote and in situ observations within the framework of the Global Ocean Observing System, research and assessment of climate/carbon-related phenomena in the marine environment, and development of standards in marine observations and services for all users of marine data and products. Particular attention will be paid to the strengthening of the global network of sea level stations. Approaches and strategies to adapt to coastal change due to sea level and other climate-related impacts, such as coastal erosion, will be developed and tested. 02033 The second action will continue the IOC effort to establish and coordinate self-sustaining regional early warning systems for tsunamis and other marine hazards, coupled with extensive public awareness and capacity-building activities. The third action will further develop the research and monitoring required for preventing marine environment degradation and maintaining biodiversity and the sustainable use of marine and coastal habitats, including through fostering modelling ecosystem dynamics, and the application of scientific results to the management of oceans and coastal zones. It will ensure the continuous role of IOC in initiating the first global assessment under the United Nations Regular Process for the Global Reporting of the State of the Marine Environment pursuant to UNGA Resolution 60/30 and final decisions of the General Assembly in 2009. 02034 The fourth action will support Member States, at their request, to develop their capacity to manage their marine and coastal environments. IOC will focus on regional needs through developing national capabilities to translate research results into management approaches and wise practices. In partnership with Member States, these will be demonstrated through pilot projects in target regions where marine spatial planning approaches will be used in conjunction with coastal indicators. The fifth action will provide administrative and operational secretariat support to the intergovernmental work of the IOC, including coordination of its global and regional programmes and offices to optimize IOC participation in common country programming processes with other United Nations organizations. A secretariat restructuring will ensure that cross-cutting capacity-development activities are coordinated in all IOC operations through appropriate training and education programmes.  % Expected results at the end of the biennium Expected result 17: Ocean observing systems and data exchange standards enhanced Performance indicatorsBenchmarksDegree of implementation of the climate module of GOOSimplementation of climate module of GOOS above 60%Global participation of oceanographic data and information centres in the web-based Ocean Data Portal and OceanDocs data and knowledge systems30 data and information nodes by the end of the bienniumPublicly accessible knowledge base clearing house on climate changeclearing house site launchedSee part A for continuing activities. Expected result 18: Enhanced coordination of research on ocean ecosystems, marine habitats and biodiversity, and best practices promoted in the management of marine and coastal ecosystems Performance indicatorsBenchmarksCapacity and coordination to predict and mitigate new global environmental risks for marine biodiversity and ecosystem health2 workshops, expert groups and conferences on cutting-edge topics in ocean sciences for a better understanding of the marine ecosystems functioningCoastal research, monitoring and related management through a network of coastal sitesresearch network launched and publicationsFirst Global Assessment initiated under the Regular Process on the Global Reporting on the State of the Marine EnvironmentUnited Nations General Assembly resolution defining mandate and method of work of first Global Marine AssessmentResearch results and guidelines applied in policies and management of coastal and marine ecosystemsat least 3 policy brief scientific guidelines for Member States See part A for continuing activities. Capacity Development: Training activities in the IOCWIO: (i) water quality and sediment issues in Mombasa Harbour: A stakeholder validation Meeting, Mombasa, Kenya, 26 March 2010. Kenyan participants totalling 7; (ii) Water quality and sediment issues in Bon Sinais Estuary: A stakeholder validation meeting, Quelimane, Mozambique, 7 May 2010. Mozambique Participants expected to total 15. Coastal research / HAB: Regarding Harmful Algae Blooms a GEOHAB Core Research Project Plan was published on HABs in Fjords and Coastal Embayments; a special issue of the journal ‘Progress in Oceanography’, HABs in Upwelling Systems was published. As a regional follow-up to the global IOC-SCOR Science Plan for the Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (GEOHAB), the Western Pacific Region developed a science plan, GEOHABAsia, specifically for their region. The Plan was developed during 2008–2009 and will be launched in June 2010. The initiative aims to develop cooperative regional research that will deliver improved understanding and modelling capabilities of harmful marine algal events and patterns of nutrient input to coastal ecosystem. Two international training workshops were held and enhanced capacity for HAB observations and management of 30 experts. Two capacity enhancing expert workshops were held on HAB dynamics and on transfer of marine species by ballast and other ship vectors. WESTPAC: To improve the understanding of the biogeochemistry and ecological nature of coral reefs in WESTPAC region with differing physical and environmental settings and evaluate the consequence of the impact of climate and other global changes on the health of coral reefs, regional experts have been networked and conducted their analysis. The 2nd WESTPAC Workshop on Coral Reef under Climate and Anthropogenic Perturbations will take place on 22–24 June 2010 and the WESTPAC Training Course on Impacts of Sedimentary Dynamics and Biogeochemistry on Coral Reefs has been scheduled for 15–18 June 2010, in Koh Samui, Thailand. Publications: Hood, M. & Co-Authors (2010). "Ship-based Repeat Hydrography: A Strategy for a Sustained Global Program." in Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21–25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306. Expected result 19: Risks from tsunami and other ocean and coastal-related hazards reduced, with special emphasis on particularly vulnerable regions in Africa, LDCs and SIDS Performance indicatorsBenchmarksIntergovernmental coordination improved6 intergovernmental meetingsAwareness and capacities to plan coastal activities against hazards4 workshops and 6 missions to raise awareness of coastal populations, especially women 4 training workshops on implementing coastal management guidelines percentage of participating women in TWS training courses doubled Indian Ocean: The Seventh Session of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (ICG/IOTWS-VII) was held in 14–16 April 2010, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. An intersessional meeting of ICG/IOTWS Working Group 1 (WG1) on “Seismic Measurements, Data Collection and Exchange” was held at the BMKG Training Centre, Citeko, West Java, Indonesia on 25 January 2010. Caribbean: The Fifth Session of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Tsunami and Other Coastal Hazards Warning System for the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions (ICG/CARIBE EWS-V) was held on 15–17 March 2010, Managua, Nicaragua. the ICG adopted Recommendations on: (i) Monitoring and Detection Systems, Warning Guidance; (ii) Regional Tsunami Warning Centre; (iii) CARIBE Wave Exercise 2011; (iv) Post-event assessment Haiti earthquake and tsunami 12 January 2010; (v) CARIBE EWS Budget for the Biennium (2011–2012). North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: The ICG/NEAMTWS Task Team on Regional TWS Architecture held its fifth meeting on 18–19 March 2010 in Paris and is working towards the completion of the Users Operations Guide for the NEAMTWS. The ICG/NEAMTWS Task Team on Communication Test Exercises held its first meeting on 19 March 2010 and is organizing two communication test exercises for the candidate Regional Tsunami Warning Centres foreseen for June and September 2010. Global Coordination of tsunami warning and mitigation systems: The Third Meeting of the Working Group on Tsunamis and Other Hazards related to Sea Level Warning and Mitigation Systems (TOWS-WG) is scheduled for 5–6 May 2010 in Lisbon, Portugal. The meeting will discuss recommendations from the three Inter-ICG Task Team established by Resolution XXV-14 on Sea Level for Tsunami Purposes, Disaster Management and Preparedness, and Tsunami Watch Operations. Expected result 20: Member State requests for policy and capacity development responded to by integrating knowledge and experience available from all relevant IOC programmes, with special attention given to particularly vulnerable regions in Africa, LDCs and SIDS Performance indicatorsBenchmarksProgramme and capacity development coordinationparticipation in IOC programmes, especially by women scientists, increased by 50% in IOC Chairs in AfricaRegional and national activities better coordinatedsupport to activities by IOC regional bodiesIntergovernmental actions enhancednumber of actionable decisions adopted by Member States WESTPAC: The 8th Intergovernmental Session of WESTPAC will take place on 10–13 May 2010 with the participation of 100 delegates from 12 member states and four regional partner programmes/organizations. The meeting will review the present progress made, rectify the current deficiencies and adopt new initiatives to meet the pressing need of member states in the study and protection of their coasts and oceans. One regional training and research centre will be established with regular provision of training courses on ocean dynamics and climate on a free-of-charge basis to other developing countries in the Region. [...] Intersectoral platforms (c) Support to countries in post-conflict and post-disaster situations 07013 The platform, involving all five major programmes, will be the framework for operational assistance to countries affected by conflicts and disasters, from immediate relief and early recovery to longer-term reconstruction and development by:  % providing upstream policy advice and capacity-building to restore national planning and management capacities to cope with challenges;  % supporting dialogue, confidence-building and reconciliation efforts, in particular by providing local and national policy-makers with evidence based research and analysis as well as with a platform for policy debate and dialogue to refine reconciliation and reconstruction options and to reinforce national ownership;  % empowering local communities to participate in peace processes and responding to their need to access critical information;  % supporting professional communities, according to their specific needs. 07014 The human and institutional dimensions of relief, recovery and reconstruction processes will be at the heart of UNESCO’s response. The platform’s priority will be to meet needs related to disrupted or dysfunctional educational, cultural and media services, to confront conflict and disaster-related trauma and to address threats to cultural and biological diversity resulting from conflicts or natural disasters. When supporting post-conflict recovery and reconstruction processes, special attention will be given to the root causes of conflict and to the facilitation of national dialogue and reconciliation efforts, so as to mitigate the risk of a relapse back into conflict. In the context of post-disaster situations, support will be provided for the full integration of disaster prevention into recovery and reconstruction efforts, notably by promoting more early warning systems worldwide. 07015 At the global level, the platform will advocate for the recognition of UNESCO’s role within the overall United Nations coordination machinery through participation in United Nations integrated post-conflict and post-disaster responses, in particular with respect to common needs assessments; OCHA consolidated appeals; strategic and programmatic frameworks as well as funding mechanisms. It will seek to strengthen cooperation with regional intergovernmental organizations and develop strategic partnerships with NGOs and professional associations involved in peace-building efforts. 07016 At the operational level, the platform supports field offices in their post-conflict and post-disaster response by coordinating programme support, providing proper infrastructures and facilitating administrative mechanisms and arrangements. 07017 At the internal level, the platform will seek to engage central services concerned in the review of the administrative procedures for PCPD situations with a view to introducing streamlined processes. 07018 Action will be articulated around five main thrusts:  % reconstruction of education systems;  % providing advice and expertise in conflict resolution pertaining to natural resource management and to disaster prevention and mitigation efforts, particularly on how to integrate early warning systems into post-conflict and disaster responses;  % supporting the revitalization of in-country research facilities, policy formulation, implementation and monitoring in the various fields of the natural, social and human sciences;  % protecting damaged cultural and natural heritage, including emergency consolidation/rehabilitation of damaged cultural heritage sites and institutions as well as the safeguarding of endangered intangible cultural heritage;  % strengthening the role of communication and information in fostering mutual understanding, peace-building and reconstruction, providing access to humanitarian information in disaster environments, promoting the development of institutional and human capacities for the development of sustained free, independent and pluralistic media and strengthening the safety of media professionals. 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*h{6htf‰0J,56CJ^J' *h{6htf‰0J$6B*CJ^Jph’)j *h{6htf‰6CJU^J#j *h{6htf‰6CJU^J *h{6htf‰6CJ^Jh5āhµ©^Jh[qÅhµ©CJ^JaJ$h[qÅhµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€h[qÅhµ©CJ^JaJh!h[qÅhµ©5CJ\^JaJhh5āhtf‰6^J‚a·aŽbLf£G2$„¼^„¼a$gdtf‰lĘ’\$ & F Ę 7Š¼„¼¤š¤šEʀ G$^„¼a$gd5ā\$ & F Ę 7ŠT„T¤š¤šEʀ G$^„Ta$gd¢qLfMfčgégžg’gßhąhńi|jķŲĘĘʱ±±Q`$ & F Ę 7ŠT„P„›ž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„P`„›ža$gd¢q$„¼^„¼a$gdŽd lĘ’„Į^„Įgdµ©lĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdtf‰lĘ’„¼^„¼gdtf‰lĘ’ Mfēgčgégžg’gøhĻhÜhŻh’i“išińi|j k k&l)lYl\lķlšlym|mxoyoōźąŌŹ­¹­¹ ¹˜…xocWcWcWcWcMh5āhū}™6aJ *h{6hU™6CJ *h{6hū}™6CJh5āhµ©^Jh[qÅhµ©CJ^JaJ$h[qÅhµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€h5āhŽd 6 *h{6hŽd 6CJH* *h{6h*CJ^J h5āhµ©h[qÅhµ©CJaJh[qÅhńsĆCJaJ$h[qÅh˜3[5B*CJ^JaJph€€€$h[qÅhµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€h5āhµ©6aJ&zo2p!q6q7q£G22$„¼^„¼a$gdĄ(6lĘ’\$ & F Ę 7Š¼„¼¤š¤šEʀ G$^„¼a$gd¢q\$ & F Ę 7ŠT„T¤š¤šEʀ G$^„Ta$gdĢrĮ7qļqšq)r*rArürźźźźź…e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’ürptĄuš5e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ  ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’Ąu›wœwNyOy{š…………$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ  ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’{7|Ł|Ś|š5 $„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ  ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ  ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’'|Ł|Ś|œ~~PQ”€¢€–žŸ©jƒ‰ƒ_„`„a„kŠlŠ°Š“Š²Œ³ŒĮŒĆŒĢĻĒŽęŽORø¹KņęņęņŲņŲņŲņŲņŹņ¼ęņ®ņ ņ‘‚¼tftftXtft *h{6hæo6CJ^J *h{6hŌd‚6CJ^J *h{6hĀVį6CJ^J *h{6hĄ(66>*CJ^J *h{6h[qÅ6>*CJ^J *h{6hš7@6CJ^J *h{6hņ+6CJ^J *h{6hĄ(66CJ^J *h{6h[qÅ6CJ^J *h{6hš 6CJ^Jh[qÅhV@L6CJ^J *h{6hV@L6CJ^J"Ś|}&~œ~ź… e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ  ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’œ~~-€źź…e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’-€‚ƒøš……$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’ø/ƒ`„a„š5 $„¼^„¼a$gdĄ(6lĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’a„v„w„Ł…p†źź‹&e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’_$ & F ĘŠ) „) Eʀ ^„) a$gdV@LlĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdV@LlĘ’p† ‡ß‡š5e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’߇Ļˆƒ‰š5e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’ƒ‰BŠ‹š5e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’‹Ž‹²Œ³Œš5 $„¼^„¼a$gdĄ(6lĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’³ŒĀŒĆŒ-źÕta$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’$„Y^„Ya$gdĄ(6lĘ’$„¼^„¼a$gdĄ(6lĘ’KOū‘‘‘‘‘ ‘!‘h‘i‘Ų‘į‘’€’„’Ł’ß’ā’ź’š’õ’ö’R•S•–'–6–8–ń—ó—X˜ü™ż™a›b›p›ņäŁäņäņäņäņäņäņäĖä½ä½äĖäņäŁä®ä¤‘†sgs *h{6hŌd‚6CJ *h{6hų|Õ6CJ h5āhµ©h[qÅhµ©CJaJ$h[qÅhµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€ *h{6hĀVį6 *h{6hĀVį6CJH*^J *h{6h]m§6CJ^J *h{6hĮš6CJ^J *hÅ ¢6CJ^J *h{6hĀVį6CJ^J *h{6hŌd‚6CJ^J%-F‘’š9a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’e$ & F ĘŠ) „& „›ž¤xEʀ ^„& `„›ža$gd5ālĘ’’ł’Ž“ž=a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ! ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ  ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’Ž“”2•ž=a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ# ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ" ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’2•†•)–ž=a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ% ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’a$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ$ ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’)–ó—X˜žB\$ & F Ę 7ŠT„T¤š¤šEʀ' G$^„Ta$gd¢qa$ & F ĘŠ) „) ¤xEʀ& ^„) a$gd5ālĘ’X˜ż™7šŸšq›XYMŸNŸ” ”£ŽŽŽ‚mmmmX$„Į^„Įa$gdĢrĮlĘ’$„Į^„Įa$gdų|ÕlĘ’ $„¼^„¼a$gdų|Õ$ Ę7„¼¤š¤šG$^„¼a$gd5ā\$ & F Ę 7Š¼„¼¤š¤šEʀ G$^„¼a$gd¢q p›q›YœVXY·ž»ž¾žŁž/ŸLŸNŸ‘Ÿ¬ŸĪŸ > d ”” ” ”%”p”””Į”õéŪĻõéƵŪ¦ŪõŪ˜Ū˜Ū¦ŪŽ†n]QE *h{6hļ…6CJ *h{6hµ©6CJ!hh;Phµ©5CJ\^JaJh!hh;Phļ…5CJ\^JaJh hļ…hµ©hµ©B*phh5āhų|Õ6aJ *h{6hŽ~ņ6CJ^J *h{6hų|Õ6CJ]^J *h{6hŽd 6CJ^J *h{6hŽd 6CJh[qÅhų|Õ6CJ^J *h{6hų|Õ6CJ^J *h{6hų|Õ6CJh[qÅhų|Õ6CJ ” ”p”_£®„­§Wؗ©ķŁĮ©‘y_$ Ę7h„e„ū¤š@&G$^„e`„ūa$gdÜbŖ$ Ę 7ģ„„ģ¤š¤šG$^„ģa$gdštŪ$ Ę 7ģ„„ģ¤š¤šG$^„ģa$gd)BŚ$ Ę 7ģ„„ģ¤š¤šG$^„ģa$gd1RŽ$ Ę 7ģ„„ģ¤š¤šG$^„ģa$gdµ© Ę7„ė7$8$@&G$H$^„ėgdÜbŖ„Į^„Įgdµ©lĘ’Į”Ž”ā”ä”ę”÷”ł”ū”ü”¢¢+¢:¢;¢=¢Y¢o¢p¢q¢r¢‘¢“¢µ¢Ö¢į¢å¢ö¢/£0£L£N£X£\£^£_£a£‚£«£ōčōčōčŪčōčĻčĻŪčĻčōčĆōĆōčōčōµ§™§‹§µ}n} *h{6h1RŽ56CJ^J *h{6h1RŽ6CJ^J *h{6h GĮ6CJ^J *h{6h›mš6CJ^J *h{6h)BŚ6CJ^J *h{6hµ©6CJ^J *h{6hļ…6CJ *h{6h›mš6CJ *h{6h)BŚ6CJH* *h{6h)BŚ6CJ *h{6hµ©6CJ%«£­£¬„®„µ„¶„­§µ§·§TØUØVØWØ\Ø]Øsؗ©šāÖĒ¹«œ¹„|r]P=P$hh;Phµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€hh;Phµ©CJ^JaJ)hh;Phµ©CJ^JaJfH qŹ ’h…*āhštŪ6^Jh…*āhSr6 *h{6hSr6CJ *h{6hK2“6CJ *h{6hĄ(656CJ^J *h{6h)BŚ6CJ^J *h{6hĄ(66CJ^J *h{6h)BŚ56CJ^Jhh;Ph1RŽ6CJ^J *h{6h1RŽ6CJ^J *h{6h1RŽ6CJH*^J—©Ć©FŖ©ŖŸ‹/\$ & F Ę 7ŠT„T¤š¤šEʀ( G$^„Ta$gd¢q Ę7„ė7$8$@&G$H$^„ėgdÜbŖ_ & F Ę 7Šģ„ģ„俤x7$8$Eʀ§šG$H$^„ģ`„äżgdly—©EŖFŖ§ŖØŖ©Ŗc«d«u«‚«¬¬`¬e¬w¬|¬Ą¬Į¬Ī¬‹°°±īąĶŗĶ­¦˜Š˜Š˜Š˜Š˜~oaSE *h{6hĘH_6CJ^J *h{6h3T 6CJ^J *h{6hŽ~ņ6CJ^J *h{6hŽ~ņ56CJ^Jhh;Phµ©6CJ^J *h{6h GĮ6CJ^J *h{6hµ©6CJ^J h GĮhµ©hh;Phµ©CJ^JaJ$hh;Ph˜3[5B*CJ^JaJph€€€$hh;Phµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€hh;Phµ©CJ^JaJh!hh;Phµ©5CJ\^JaJh©Ŗd«Į¬‹°¼±ØµEĄ£ŽydO:$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gd„$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdĘH_$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdH2$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdŽ~ņ$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdµ©\$ & F Ę 7Š¼„¼¤š¤šEʀ G$^„¼a$gd¢q±ŗ±»±¼±Č±Ź±²²Ó“ā“擧µØµµµ<·=·$æ(æEĄFĄRĄ[Ą_ĄmĄņęŚĖ½Æ”Æņęņ½’„x„”„iZiKi *h{6hMB†56CJ^J *h{6hŸ,}56CJ^J *h{6hµ©56CJ^Jhh;Ph„6CJ^J *h{6h„6CJ^J *h{6h„56CJ^J *h{6h{66CJ^J *h{6h p~6CJ^J *h{6hĘH_6CJ^J *h{6hĘH_56CJ^Jhh;PhFGS6CJ^Jhh;PhH26CJ^J *h{6hH26CJ^JmĄnĄoĄDĀQĀ£ĀęĀĆ4Ć7Ć8Ć@ĆCĆLĆXĆjĆkĆlĆ ÄÄÄņćÕĒ¹«¹ĒŽ€r€r€h^K8K$hh;Ph˜3[5B*CJ^JaJph€€€$hh;Phµ©5B*CJ^JaJph€€€h GĮhµ©6^Jh GĮhD?6^J *h{6hfĮ6CJ^J *h{6hD?6CJ^J *h{6hD?56CJ^J *h{6hr2\6CJ^J *h{6h!6CJ^J *h{6hżGg6CJ^J *h{6hiTT6CJ^J *h{6hŠG 6CJ^J *h{6hµ©56CJ^J *h{6hµ©6CJ^JEĄlĆÄÅźŽ2\$ & F Ę 7Š¼„¼¤š¤šEʀ G$^„¼a$gd¢q\$ & F Ę 7ŠT„T¤š¤šEʀ) G$^„Ta$gd¢q$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdµ©ÄÅÅžĘæĘ×ĘÜĘŻĘĒ ĒEÖFÖeŲfŲkŲlŲ“ŲūķüķõīßŃÅ·¢•‡•|xj`K>·>5hį-Thį-T^Jhh;Phį-TCJ^JaJ)hh;Phį-TCJ^JaJfH qŹ ’hqc«hśL6^J *h{6hśL6CJ^JhśLhh;PhśLCJaJhh;PhśL5CJ^JaJhh;PhśLCJ^JaJ)hh;PhśLCJ^JaJfH qŹ ’hh;Phį-T5CJ^JaJhh;PhĆw16CJ^J *h{6hH26CJ^J *h{6hH256CJ^J hqc«hµ©hh;Phµ©CJaJÅæĘ×Ę ĒÆĒ6ČźÖĀ±U\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„ha$gd…*ā$ Ę7¤š¤šG$a$gd…*ā$ Ę7„čü¤š@&G$^„čüa$gd…*ā$$ Ę7¤š¤š@&G$a$gdW$˜$ Ę7„Į¤š¤šG$^„Įa$gdH26ČtÉüÉ£G\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„ha$gd…*ā\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„ha$gd…*āüÉCŹĢRĢ­Ģ£’’6\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„ha$gd…*ā$ Ę7¤š¤šG$a$gd…*ā\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„ha$gd…*ā­ĢŸĶSĪ£G\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ G$^„ha$gd…*ā\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ G$^„ha$gd…*āSĪ2ĻzŠ¢Š£G.$ Ę7„h„˜ž¤š¤šG$^„h`„˜ža$gd…*ā\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ G$^„ha$gd…*ā\$ & F Ę 7Šh„h¤š¤šEʀ G$^„ha$gd…*ā¢ŠGŅÅŅ©SU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āÅŅYÓŌ©SU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āŌxŌÕ©SU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āÕ‹ÕšÕ©SU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*āšÕFÖō×fŲ”ŲĒŽ.ć\䩖–‚qqZ$ Ę7„7„Éż¤šG$^„7`„Éża$gd…*ā$ Ę7¤š¤šG$a$gdį-T$ Ę7„čü¤š@&G$^„čüa$gd…*ā$ Ę7„h¤šG$^„ha$gd…*āU$ & F Ę7¤š¤šEʀ G$a$gd…*ā\ä ęŌęŸ?`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-T`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-TŌęŗē.čŸ?`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-T`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-T.čÅčÕéŸ?`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ  G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-T`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-TÕé^ź;ėŸ?`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ" G$^„*`„ņža$gdį-T`$ & F Ę 7Š*„*„ņž¤š¤šEʀ! 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G$If^„t`„äžgd~H’] & F Ę 7Št„t„äž$Eʀ> G$If^„t`„äžgd~H’ EEE©FŖFøH¹H•J–J`LaLbL„ssssssse Ę7„7G$^„7gd…*ā $„7^„7a$gd…*āgd…*ā{kd $$If–FÖÖ0Ė¹§%īī t Ö0’’’’’’ö6öÖ’’Ö’’Ö’’Ö’’4Ö4Ö laö7yt~H’ ŻEØF©FŖF³FµF¹F˜G·HøH¹HåHēHėH:I;I”J•J–J©JÓJÕJXKiKœKōčōŪōĻōĆ¹­ ”Ļ”ˆ”|pcVJp>p *h{6h‰Tj6CJ *h{6hr2\6CJ *h{6h B56CJ *h{6hr2\56CJ *h{6h ¹6CJ *h{6hČNP6CJ *h{6hŌd‚6CJ *h{6hMB†6CJ *h{6hMB†56CJhh;Ph¢956CJhh;Ph3€6CJ *h{6h3€6CJ *h{6hņb–6CJ *h{6h—ī56CJ *h{6h¢96CJ *h{6h—ī6CJœKĆKČKĢKĶKūK^L_L`LaLbLjMŒMM'N(N‰NŠNåNęNēNīNļN2O3OOQPQōčōŽōĢ¼“¬Ø—ŠŠŠŠØrfZNZDhh;PhŅ+j6CJ *h{6hŌd‚6CJ *h{6hŅ+j6CJ *h{6hņb–6CJ *h{6hŅ+j56CJhh;Ph0 ”CJaJhh;Ph0 ”CJPJaJ hh;Ph0 ”5B*CJaJph€€€h0 ”h…*āhČNP6h…*āh ¹6h…*āhńsĆ6^JaJmH sH " *h{6hńsĆ6CJ^JmH sH hh;Ph‰Tj6CJ *h{6hńsĆ6CJ *h{6h‰Tj6CJbLjMMŒMMėŚŚ_{kdŖ $$If–FÖÖ0Ė¹§%īī t Ö0’’’’’’ö6öÖ’’Ö’’Ö’’Ö’’4Ö4Ö laö7yt~H’$ Ę7$G$Ifa$gd~H’$ Ę7„7¤š@&G$^„7a$gd…*āM°M½M'N¤’4] & F Ę 7Št„t„äž$Eʀ@ G$If^„t`„äžgd~H’ Ę7„$G$If^„gd~H’[ & F Ę7„„äž$Eʀ §šG$If^„`„äžgd~H’'N(N\N„)[ & F Ę7„„äž$Eʀ §šG$If^„`„äžgd~H’{kd4 $$If–FÖÖ0Ė¹§%īī t Ö0’’’’’’ö6öÖ’’Ö’’Ö’’Ö’’4Ö4Ö laö7yt~H’\N‰NŠN”&{kd¾ $$If–FÖÖ0Ė¹§%īī t Ö0’’’’’’ö6öÖ’’Ö’’Ö’’Ö’’4Ö4Ö laö7yt~H’] & F Ę 7Št„t„äž$EʀA G$If^„t`„äžgd~H’ŠN­NåN¤F] & F Ę 7Št„t„äž$EʀB G$If^„t`„äžgd~H’[ & F Ę7„„äž$Eʀ §šG$If^„`„äžgd~H’åNęNēNPQQQWQXQpQqQøQ„sk[$ Ę7¤š@&G$a$gd…*ā$@&gd…*ā $„7^„7a$gd…*āgd…*ā{kdH $$If–FÖÖ0Ė¹§%īī t Ö0’’’’’’ö6öÖ’’Ö’’Ö’’Ö’’4Ö4Ö laö7yt~H’ PQQQVQWQXQpQqQøQ½QĀQŹQ(T*TrT¬TBUDUVVFVPVŹVĢVųVśV¶WøWöWųW$X;XDXIXŹ[Ļ[^^__Ż_ā_VghZ0ZõźõźŽźŠ»®£®–®–®–®–®–®–®–®–®–®–®–––––sq–Uhh;Ph,gš5CJ^JaJ)hh;Ph,gšCJ^JaJfH qŹ ’hh;Ph,gšCJ^JaJhh;PhŹ1YCJaJhh;PhŹ1YCJ^JaJ)hh;PhŹ1YCJ^JaJfH qŹ ’hh;PhŹ1Y5CJ^JaJhh;PhA!c5CJaJhh;PhA!cCJaJhh;Ph0 ”CJaJ,øQ^SrTōVņWDXŹ[^_Ż_0`€`pbŽc eVg‚gī[ī\"^¬_†`¤aģÕÕÕÕģģģģģÕÕÕÕÕ½ÕÕÕÕÕÕ$$ Ę7„2„Īż¤šG$^„2`„Īża$gd…*ā$ Ę7„7„Éż¤šG$^„7`„Éża$gd…*ā$ Ę7„čü¤šG$`„čüa$gd…*ā % Participation in United Nations integrated post-conflict and post-disaster responses ensured, in particular with respect to common needs assessments, OCHA consolidated appeals, strategic and programmatic frameworks as well as funding mechanisms  % Effective post-conflict and post-disaster operations put in place, with proper infrastructures and administrative mechanisms  % Advisory services provided on natural resource management and the revitalization of institutions in post-conflict and post-disaster affected countries  % Framework and strategies for the safeguarding and protection of damaged cultural heritage, including intangible heritage, developed with a view to sustaining peace and social cohesion processes  % Post-trauma healing of children and youth supported through activities focusing on the arts and on sports  % Evidence-based analysis and tools provided to policy-makers on how to promote cultural pluralism, intercultural dialogue and reconciliation  % Networks for media professionals promoted and professional standards and self-regulatory mechanisms in post-conflict environments enhanced  % Capacity for media to report on peace-building, conflict resolution and disaster awareness enhanced  % Safety of media professionals enhanced  % Access to humanitarian information in disaster environments improved  % Cultural diversity, dialogue and intangible heritage promoted through media and ICTs  % Improved national/local planning, management and reform capacity for sustained and equitable country-led recovery and reconstruction in UNESCO s fields of competence  % Reduced vulnerability vis-ą-vis recurrence of disasters as a result of expanded early warning systems in disaster-torn countries See information provided for the 2008 2009 biennium. (h) UNESCO action to address climate change 07056 The intersectoral platform focusing on the implementation of the UNESCO Strategy for Action on Climate Change covering the next biennium is being presented to the Board at its 181st session. The objectives of the Plan are twofold: the sound and unbiased generation and use of data, information and research concerning climate change (the knowledge base); and the promotion of the mitigation of and adaptation to climate change, notably through enhanced education and public awareness. 07057 The Plan identifies high-impact intersectoral projects for extrabudgetary funding, suggests ways to enhance UNESCO s visibility and participation in international efforts, and proposes actions for making UNESCO more climate/carbon neutral. The intersectoral platform on climate change has already helped to gain recognition of UNESCO s contributions within the overall United Nations response to climate change. UNESCO with its IOC is now jointly leading, together with WMO, United Nations system-wide efforts in the area of climate knowledge, science, assessment, monitoring and early warning. 07058 In line with the Strategy, activities will mainly target Africa and SIDS and will also address gender equality issues.  % Expected results at the end of the biennium Quality, coherence and relevance of the Organization s programme delivery in the area of climate change enhanced Knowledge base relating to climate change science, assessment, monitoring and early warning strengthened Capacity-building and awareness-raising programmes towards climate change mitigation and adaptation promoted and supported Progress made towards a carbon/climate-neutral UNESCO     ICG/CARIBE-EWS II/WD __ Page  PAGE 2 IOC-XXIV/2 Annex __ Page  PAGE 3 Restricted Distribution IOC/EC-XLIII/2 Annex 1 Add.2 Paris, 7 May 2010 English only INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Forty-third Session of the Executive Council UNESCO, Paris, 8 16 June 2010 Item 3.2 of the Provisional Agenda REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ON PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION aDDENDUM 2 sister fOllow-up qualitative report for the ioc IOC/EC-XLIII/2 Annex 1 Add. 2 Page  PAGE 18 IOC/EC-XLIII/2 Annex 1 Add. 2 Page  PAGE 19 IOC/EC-XLIII/2 Annex 1 Add. 2 0ZnZzg|gägęgčgźgBhDhNhl$lŹpĢpÖpqVqÄqĘqŌrsÖsęsĢtÜt6uóęąŌŹĘĀ¶«˜«…z«g\Q\zD\D\D\Dhh;Ph’+½CJ^JaJhh;PhĘCJaJhh;Ph’+½CJaJ%hh;Ph’+½CJaJfH qŹ ’hh;Ph¤==CJaJ%hh;Ph¤==CJaJfH qŹ ’%hh;PhA!cCJaJfH qŹ ’hh;PhA!cCJaJhh;PhA!c5CJaJhŹ1YhśLhh;PhŹ1Y6CJ *h{6hśL6CJ h,gš^Jhh;Ph,gšCJ^JaJhh;Ph­)óCJ^JaJ¤aĄbŽcācrd"etf|gęgčgźgBhDhlĢpĘq"rčččččččćććŻćŹŹŹč$ Ę7„čü¤šG$`„čüa$gd…*ā@&gd…*āgd…*ā$ Ę7„7„Éż¤šG$^„7`„Éża$gd…*ā"rsÖs„KZ$ & F Ę 7ŠŸ„Ÿ¤šEʀD G$^„Ÿa$gd…*āZ$ & F Ę 7ŠŸ„Ÿ¤šEʀC G$^„Ÿa$gd…*āÖsĢt8u:u>u@uDu„K<:::$ Ę7¤šG$a$gd…*āZ$ & F Ę 7ŠŸ„Ÿ¤šEʀF G$^„Ÿa$gd…*āZ$ & F Ę 7ŠŸ„Ÿ¤šEʀE G$^„Ÿa$gd…*ā6u8u:ujh>U hŹ1Y^J h’+½^J!DuFuJuLuPuRu‚u¢u¤uĢuģuīušu\v‚vžv vżżżżżūūżóóīżĪ¶¶—$ Ę,`ś0żŠ p@ ą°“Pla$gd¹/ß$ Ę7øa$gd[qÅoĘd& ĘøD Ęø¤gd[qÅoĘd&$ Ęø„P„°é^„P`„°éa$gd¹/ß Ęr gd¹/ß&v:vJvLvNvPvXvZv^vlvvv€v‚v„v’vœvžv¢v¤vśvww:wJwlwnwŒw”wžwØwōęŲōÉō¾²§Ÿ—§²§—§²‚vj²avavjXjXhK?‰CJ\^JhK?‰5CJ^Jh» hK?‰CJ\^Jh» hK?‰5CJ^J(jhLT^hK?‰U^JaJmHnHuhK?‰^JaJh[qÅ^JaJhLT^hK?‰^JaJhLT^hK?‰5^JaJh~i5CJ$^JaJ$Hh[qÅ5CJ$^JaJ$hA ŲhK?‰5CJ$^JaJ$h˜#hK?‰5CJ$^JaJ$hK?‰5CJ$^JaJ$ v¢vśvwwnwŖw¬w®w°w²w“w¶w描ŖŽtllllll$a$gd¹/ß Ę `ś0żŠ pą°“P„Ō ^„Ō gdT3 Ę# `ś0żŠŒpąE°“P„Ō ^„Ō gdT3 $ Ę& `ś0żŠ p@ ą°“P„Ō ^„Ō a$gd†q? 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