ࡱ> %` ibjbjNN c,,،$;;;P$<<lmh`=L=(===@B_Cd>m@m@m@m@m@m@m$CohqdmQ?"@QQdm==#ym&SXSXSXQ==>mCXQ>mSXSXij=T= O ;UVjllm<mjjrV<r(jrjCoHV1XKqNCCCdmdmWdCCCmQQQQ!D!  ASK PtN "Please type part number (for headers)" \* MERGEFORMAT 1 Restricted distribution IOC/EC-XLIII/3 prov. Pt.2 Paris,  TIME \@ "d MMMM yyyy" 14 June 2010 Original: English  INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION (of UNESCO) Forty-third Session of the Executive Council Paris, 816 June 2010 DRAFT SUMMARY REPORT Part 2 (Agenda items 2.5, 3.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6, 7, and 8.1) 1. ORGANIZATION OF THE SESSION (2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 see Part 1) 2.5 ROGER REVELLE MEMORIAL LECTURE The Chairman introduced this item. DrManuel Barange, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, delivered the 2010 IOC Roger Revelle Memorial Lecture. DrBaranges lecture, entitled Learning to swim: exploring the challenges to marine resource sustainability, discussed the scientific results of the very successful IOC-IGBP-SCOR Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics project (GLOBEC) designed to ascertain the impacts of climate variability and change on marine ecosystems as well as his ongoing work with coupled and uncoupled models linking climate change, marine ecosystems, and economics. An abstract of the lecture can be found in Annex III. The Chairman presented a medal to DrBarange in appreciation of the work undertaken by IOC-IGBP-SCOR project. 3. DEVELOPMENTS SINCE THE 25TH SESSION OF THEIOC ASSEMBLY 3.2 REPORT BY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Pursuant to Rule of Procedure 49.1, the Executive Secretary reported on work accomplished since the 25th Session of the Assembly. She informed the Executive Council that her presentation would be organized along the High Level Objectives (HLO). Under Policy, she briefly made highlights on the Ministerial Round Table on Oceans (Paris, 1213 October 2009), progress on Regional Subsidiary Bodies (RSB) and IOC/ABE-LOS. Under HLO 1, she reported the visibility and support that the tsunami programme has at UNESCO and the UN General Assembly, concluding with the message from the third meeting of the IOC Working Group on Tsunamis and Other Ocean Hazards Warning and Mitigation System (Lisbon, 56 May 2010) on free data exchange. Under HLO2, she highlighted actions related to climate change, the GOOS coastal module and the importance of the partnership with WMO. Under HLO3, she mentioned progress on publishing the International Equation of Sea water (TEOS10), Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), Nutrient Standards and Ocean Fertilization. She concluded with HLO4, reporting on the transfer of OBIS to IOC, and other administrative matters. The Report of the Sessional Working Group on IODE/OBIS is given in annex to this report. The Executive Council welcomed the new Executive Secretary and appreciated the new presentation format. Under Policy, the Executive Council recognized the need for stronger, more proactive coupling between science and marine policy and encouraged improved communication with all levels of policy makers and IOC involvement in the technical secretariat for the UN Regular Process. The Executive Council emphasized the importance of Regional Subsidiary Bodies as platforms for implementation of IOC programmes, and the importance of involving African scientists in large scale global programmes. Australia and Brazil announced their willingness to continue their long-term support, in adherence to UNESCO and IOC guidelines, for regional offices in Perth and Rio, whilst China announced it has established a UNESCO/IOC Regional Training and Research Centre on Oceanography in China. The Executive Council recognized the importance of assessing emerging issues and technologies by IOC/ABE-LOS. In this context, the Executive Council agreed that assessment of IOC/ABE-LOS would be conducted by Member States, and not through the Internal Oversight Services of UNESCO. Under HLO1, the Executive Council appreciated the impact and recognition that tsunami was receiving within the UN system, encouraged free data exchange for all ocean matters, and emphasized the importance of sea-level measurements. The Executive Council welcomed the proposed WCRP-IOC workshop on sea level as well as the German offer to support it. Under HLO2, the Executive Council appreciated the progress reported in implementation of GOOS including enhanced advocacy efforts, and, encouraged greater emphasis on climate change issues, closer involvement in the work of the IPCC. Under HLO3, the Executive Council supported HAB global and regional actions especially in light of the inevitability of HAB incidents occurring more frequently as coastal areas are developed. The Executive Council agreed that the issue should be brought to the attention of the IPHAB-X session in 2011. Under HLO4, the Executive Council stressed that re-structuring of the secretariat should not affect future cross cutting, capacity-development work given its importance as a Strategic Programme Objective of UNESCO. The Executive Council appreciated Member State support for this activity. The Executive Council welcomed the announcement of a post in Africa to coordinate IOC programmes, but felt that more is needed. Several long-term partner agencies of IOC welcomed the work presented by the Executive Secretary and expressed their strong support through renewed collaboration in areas of mutual interest. 5. MITIGATION OF AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY (HLO 2) 5.1 RESEARCH AND OBSERVATIONS FOR CLIMATE The Chairperson of the WMOIOCUNEPICSU Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Steering Committee, MrAdrianSimmons, introduced this item, which was included at the request of the IOC Officers, pursuant to rule of procedure 21.2. The WMOIOCICSU World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) is reviewing its structure to meet the global and local information needs of society, integrating ocean climate research, and developing capacity. The open-ocean component of GOOS is the ocean component of GCOS and receives scientific advice from the Ocean Observations Panel for Climate (OOPC). An updated implementation plan for climate observations will be delivered to UNFCCC COP-16 (Cancn, Mexico, December 2010). The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Programme (GO-SHIP) is pursuing a strategy for a globally coordinated network of sustained hydrographic sections. OOPC will work to improve ocean climate indices and identify and communicate the societal relevance of ocean climate observations. The Executive Council thanked MrSimmons for his presentation. Regarding research for climate, the Executive Council supported the WCRP Implementation Plan, noting that IOC's financial contribution was relatively small compared to WCRP's value to Member States. It encouraged continued effort to fully consider both near-surface and deep ocean research. Regarding observations for climate, the Executive Council highlighted the necessity of sustained observations for both climate research and services, and for national climate adaptation strategies in the coastal zone. The Executive Council commended Member States for their efforts in implementation, while expressing concern with the slowing of progress and with the fragility of the arrangements that support sustained observations. Focusing on ways to improve the sustainability of observations, the Executive Council: discussed the possibility of future binding rules or a convention making basic ocean climate observations mandatory; encouraged Member States and the Executive Secretary in cooperation with UNESCO Education Sector to explore actions to educate the public; and recognized the need for additional effort in capacity-building. The Executive Council noted the importance of GO-SHIP for climate monitoring and prediction, and encouraged IOCCP, OOPC, and WCRP to ensure this was part of a comprehensive strategy for deep ocean observations. The Executive Council welcomed OOPC's efforts to improve its real-time ocean climate indices in the framework of regional climate impacts. DECISION 5.1: The Executive Council: (i) encouraged Member States to support the execution of the WCRP Implementation Plan through the participation of their scientists; (ii) requested the Executive Secretary, in consultation with the WCRP Joint Planning Staff and its CLIVAR Project, to identify and carry out actions to improve the visibility of the IOC contribution with WCRP scientists; (iii) noting the GCOS Progress Report, urged Member States to address identified priorities and gaps, and to ensure the sustained long-term operation of essential in situ and space-based ocean observing networks; (iv) supported the GO-SHIP initiative; and (v) called on Member States to provide the IOC Secretariat with examples of where national or local decisions are being made using ocean climate indices, for inclusion in the OOPC State of the Ocean website. ORGANIZATION OF THE GLOBAL OCEAN OBSERVING SYSTEM Pursuant to Rule of Procedure 48.3, the Chairperson of the Intergovernmental Committee for GOOS, DrShaohuaLin, introduced this item. DrLins presentation covered the following topics: (i) the development and existing organizational framework for coordination, governance and implementation of GOOS; (ii) the outcome and follow-up of the OceanObs'09 Conference (Venice, Italy, 2125 September 2009;  HYPERLINK "http://www.oceanobs09.net/" http://www.oceanobs09.net/); (iii) outcomes of the GSSC meeting (812 March 2010, London; GOOS Report, 183); (iv) Challenges facing GOOS; and (v) actions and recommendations from the I-GOOS board meetings (27 April 2009; and 9 June 2010) on the future planning, implementation and governance of the GOOS. The Executive Council thanked DrLin for the presentation. The Executive Council noted the OceanObs09 conference statement and the subsequent formation of a post-OceanObs working group of limited duration charged with proposing an integrated framework for sustained ocean observations by 1st October 2010. The Executive Council noted the important role GOOS plays in hazard monitoring including storm surges, tsunamis and oil spills. It also expressed concern with development of the regional component of GOOS in Caribbean region in light of the recent oil spill where ocean observations are of particular use. The Executive Council emphasized the direct relevance of the coastal component of GOOS to the economies of many coastal nations and recognized that partnership with UNEP could be beneficial to the development of the coastal module of GOOS. The Executive Council encouraged Member States to develop studies in operational oceanography at universities and recognized that many countries could benefit from relevant capacity developing activities in coastal observations and training. The Executive Council stressed the importance of GOOS in providing observations for the Regular Process of the Assessment of the Marine Environment. The Executive Council further stressed the need to reinforce observations in the polar regions. The Executive Council stressed the need for continual intergovernmental oversight of GOOS while at the same time acknowledging the need to optimize governance structures in order to concentrate on implementation. In this regard it welcomed the proposals by the I-GOOS Board to review GOOS organization and governance with a view to providing a background document for the 26th Assembly. The Executive Council noted with concern the decline in the IOC Regular Programme budget for GOOS, emphasized the importance of GOOS and reaffirmed the flagship status of this programme within the IOC. DECISION 5.2: The Executive Council decided that: (i) the I-GOOS board should discuss future organization of GOOS with a view to producing a proposal for consideration by the 26th IOC Assembly; (ii) the report from the OceanObs09 working group on an integrated framework for sustained ocean observations should be made available to Member States for review and comment well in advance of the 26th Assembly; (iii) a meeting of I-GOOS Member States should be held the day before the 26th Assembly; (iv) a half day session should be devoted to GOOS at the 26th Assembly. 5.3 COOPERATION WITH WMO The JCOMM Co-President for Oceanography, DrAlexander Frolov (Russian Federation), pursuant to Rule of Procedure 48.3, reported on the results of the 3rd session of the Joint WMO-IOC technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM-III, Marrakesh, 411 November 2009). DrFrolov introduced the priority activities adopted at JCOMM-III, noting that they were fully aligned with both the IOC High-level Objectives and WMO Expected Results. The Executive Council thanked DrFrolov for his comprehensive report. The Executive Council noted the progress in the JCOMMs Observations, Services, and Data Management Programme Areas. The Executive Council acknowledged the progress in ocean observing system for climate (the open ocean component of GOOS). It however, expressed concern with regard to the decreasing rate of implementation in recent years. The Executive Council stressed that the initial in situ global ocean observing system for climate should be fully implemented and sustained by 2015, as called for at OceanObs'09, and that the continuity of remote sensing observations should also be ensured. The Executive Council noted that JCOMM has made efforts on the issue of coastal disasters and was developing relevant ocean service products, which is one of its priorities. The Executive Council agreed that JCOMM should continue to work on storm surges and ocean modelling in cooperation with relevant partners while taking into account regional issues and concerns. The Executive Council recognized the value of JCOMMs work setting standards and procedures, including on data management in collaboration with the IODE. It also noted new standard setting initiatives for ocean observations such as WMO-IOC Regional Marine Instrument Centres (RMIC). The Executive Council noted with appreciation Chinas offer to host a RMIC for Asia at its National Centre of Ocean Standards and Metrology (NCOSM). The Executive Council thanked the Republic of Korea for offering to host the 4th Session of the JCOMM in conjunction with the International Exposition planned in Yeosu, Korea in 2012, and urged IOC Member States to actively participate in the session. The Executive Council noted the ongoing development of a Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) catalyzed by the World Climate Conference 3 (WCC-3, Geneva, 31 August4 September 2009), led by WMO with broad interagency participation. The Executive Council emphasized the role of IOC in this process given the importance of ocean processes in climate. The Executive Council noted that the Joint IOC-WMO officers meeting (Paris, 27 January 2010) had agreed to consider a new overarching MOU agreement between the two organizations. The Executive Council agreed on the timeliness of a review of existing memoranda, and noted that a new general agreement could be underpinned by letters of agreement regarding specific cooperative activities as required. DECISION 5.3: The Executive Council requested the Executive Secretary review existing legal agreements with WMO and work with the WMO Secretariat to develop a new global framework agreement. The Executive Council requested the Executive Secretary ensure continued engagement of IOC, including its subsidiary bodies, in the development of a Global Framework for Climate Services and decided that a report on this topic be presented to the Assembly in 2011. The Executive Council adopted Resolution EC-XLIII.(5.3). 6. PREVENTION AND REDUCTION OF THE IMPACTS OF NATURAL HAZARDS (HLO 1)  ASK Agenda "Please enter agenda item" \* MERGEFORMAT (7.3)1The Chairman invited the former Head of the Tsunami Unit, MrPeter Koltermann, to address the Executive Council. MrKoltermann summarized the genesis of the IOC Tsunami Programme and its achievements. He gave a brief synopsis of its benefits and some of the challenges resulting from the recent tsunami events in Chile, Haiti, Samoa and Solomon Islands underscored. He stressed that the IOC Tsunami Programme is now well established and is protecting lives and assets on the coasts. The Tsunami Warning Systems (TWSs) are based on equal ownership and participation of all Member States. They are strengthening regional cooperation along the coast and across ocean basins through international mechanisms supported by national legislation. Their success has been due to the active involvement of emergency management teams, civil defence and protection authorities, as users. He recalled that the Intergovernmental Coordination Groups (ICGs) are responsible for the performance of their TWSs, which require continued and adequate support. He concluded by stating that it had been an honour to serve IOC and a great experience to be part of the IOC Secretariat. The Chairman thanked MrKolterman on behalf of IOC for his devotion and invaluable contribution to the Tsunami Programme. 6.1 WARNING AND MITIGATION SYSTEMS FOR OCEAN HAZARDS Pursuant to rule of procedure 48.3, the Chairman of TOWS-WG, MrSang-Kyung Byun, introduced this item. He reported on the conclusions of the 3rd Meeting of the Working Group (Lisbon, Portugal, 56 May 2010) which reviewed progress in implementing actions and decisions decided through Resolution XXV-13. Mr Byun referred to the IOC Technical Series 91 (IOC/2010/TS/91, Advance copy) Compendium of Definitions and Terminology on Hazards, Disasters, Vulnerability and Risks in a Coastal Context which was presented to the Executive Council as Annex II of the Report of the Third Meeting of the TOWS-WG (IOC/TOWS-WG-III/3). He reported on the editorial process suggested by TOWS-WG to finalize the Compendium before the 26th IOC Assembly. On behalf of TOWS-WG, MrByun suggested that IOC should raise to the highest levels the need for free data exchange for tsunami warning purposes. He noted that the Inter-ICG Task Teams had proposed to hold a joint meeting in the second half of 2010. The Executive Council thanked MrByun for his report and congratulated the TOWS-WG for the work accomplished. The United States of America indicated that it will support, and offered to host, the meeting of the inter-ICG Task Teams scheduled in the second half of 2010. DECISION 6.1: The Executive Council adopted Resolution EC-XLIII.(6.1). 6.2 REGIONAL TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEMS Pursuant to rule of procedure 48.3, the Chairman of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation System in the North-Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and Connected Seas (ICG/NEAMTWS), DrFrancois Schindel, reported on the 6th Session of the ICG/NEAMTWS (Istanbul, Turkey, 1113 November 2009). He referred in particular to the regional architecture and candidate watch centres of the tsunami warning and mitigation system and the progress achieved to date. Pursuant to rule of procedure 48.3, the Vice-Chairperson of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for Tsunami and Other Coastal Hazards Warning System for the Caribbean and Adjacent Regions (ICG/CARIBE-EWS), MsFrdrique Martini, reported on the 5th Session of the ICG/CARIBE-EWS (Managua, Nicaragua, 1517 March 2010). She reported on the performance assessment of the CARIBE-EWS in response to the Haiti earthquake and tsunami on 12 January 2010 and requested the support of IOC for the scheduled CARIBE-EWS exercise planned for 23 March 2011. She indicated that the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC) continues to provide interim tsunami warning service and guidance to the region while Venezuela and Nicaragua have made efforts and technical advances towards the establishment of a Caribbean Tsunami Warning Centre (CTWC). Ms Martini also noted that on 1st February 2010 the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) established the Caribbean Tsunami Warning Program, jointly located at the Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagez, as a first step in the phased USA contribution to the establishment of a CTWC. Pursuant to rule of procedure 48.3, the Chairman of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (ICG/IOTWS), DrJanSopaheluwakan, reported on intersessional activities, milestones and achievements, in particular the success of the Indian Ocean Wave09 exercise, which was held on 14 October 2009. He reported on the outcomes of the 7th Session of the ICG/IOTWS (Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 1416 April 2010) with particular reference to the work plan and timetable for the transition from the Interim Advisory Service provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency and PTWC to the regional service to be operated by the Regional Tsunami Watch Providers (RTWPs) in 2011. He reported that the ICG/IOTWS had restructured its Working Groups and called on Member States of the ICG/IOTWS to nominate members to the new Working Groups as soon as possible. The Executive Council thanked Turkey, Nicaragua and Indonesia for hosting the meetings of ICG/NEAMTWS, ICG/CARIBE-EWS and ICG/IOTWS respectively. The Executive Council thanked the presenters of the reports and congratulated the ICGs for the progress accomplished, in particular in the transition towards regionally owned and operated tsunami warning services. The Executive Council extended its condolences to the people of Haiti and Chile who were affected by the earthquakes and tsunamis of 12 January and 27 February 2010 respectively. Turkey objected to the definition of the areas of responsibility of the RTWCs as presented by the ICG/NEAMTWS Chairman and reiterated its determination to establish a RTWC covering the Eastern Mediterranean, Aegean Sea, Marmara Sea and Black Sea. Greece noted that the areas of responsibility have not been defined and reaffirmed its willingness to contribute a RTWC for the Aegean Sea. DECISION 6.2: The Executive Council adopted Resolution EC-XLIII.(6). 6.3 SHALLOW-WATER BATHYMETRIC DATA FOR DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS The Assembly at its 25th Session (Paris, 2009) by Resolution XXV-13 requested that General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) give priority to the development of high-resolution bathymetric data in coastal areas and digital elevation models and to report progress to the IOC Executive Council at its 43rd Session. The Chairman of the Joint IOC-IHO Guiding Committee for GEBCO, DrRobinFalconer, introduced this item. DrFalconer described the Guiding Committees actions to meet the Assemblys request and referred to GEBCOs datasets and products. He described developments in shallow water bathymetry, including the incorporation of Electronic Navigation Chart (ENC) data into GEBCO grids. He reported on the training of a new generation of scientists and hydrographers in ocean bathymetry through a 12-month international training programme funded by the Nippon Foundation, open to participants from the developing countries. Captain Hugo Gorziglia, Director of the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB) continued the presentation. He referred to the progress achieved by Member States of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and IOC on coastal bathymetry. He recalled the Memorandum of Understanding between IOC and IHO, which was signed in 1984, updated in 2000, and remains in force. He noted joint actions by IOC and IHO, including strengthening the GEBCO programme; strengthening capacity-building cooperation; and execution of the COAST-MAP-IO project, funded by the Italy, for developing high-resolution bathymetric datasets in risk-prone coastal areas. He noted that these datasets are an essential input to tsunami inundation modelling and that the COAST-MAP-IO project has developed capacity in countries affected by the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26 December 2004 to produce shallow-water bathymetric maps. The Executive Council thanked DrFalconer and Capt. Gorziglia for their presentations. The Executive Council recognized the importance of bathymetric data and digital elevation models for the development of inundation models and evacuation maps for mitigating the impact of natural coastal hazards and noted that access to such data is sometimes restricted in nationally sensitive coastal zones on security and commercial grounds. The Executive Council supported capacity development in bathymetric mapping techniques and thanked the Italian Government and the Nippon Foundation for their support for hydrographic training through COAST-MAP-IO project and GEBCO programme. The Executive Council expressed concern that only three candidates from African countries had met the selection criteria for participating in the Nippon Foundation-funded GEBCO training course and recommended that GEBCO consider training teachers to conduct multi-lingual training in non-English speaking countries. SAFEGUARDING THE HEALTH OF OCEAN ECOSYSTEM (HLO 3) THE JOINT IOC-ICES STUDY GROUP ON NUTRIENT STANDARDS The Assembly at its 25th Session (Paris, 2009), by Resolution XXV-8, invited the 43rd Executive Council to discuss the results of the Joint IOC-ICES Study Group on Nutrient Standards (SGONS). The Chairman of the Study Group, MrMichio Aoyama, introduced the item. SGONS began stability testing of Reference Materials for Nutrients in Seawater (RMNS) among ten laboratories in April 2009 and completed testing in April 2010. Additionally, MrAoyama visited Scripps Institution of Oceanography in October 2009 and provided about 400 bottles of RMNS for use during the 20092010 P6 revisited cruise in the South Pacific Ocean, as well as the previous P6 cruise in 2003 by JAMSTEC. The IOC-ICES SGONS, at its First Session (UNESCO, PARIS, 2324 March 2010), developed an International Nutrients Scale System (INSS) using RMNS solutions. The Executive Council noted the report of the Study Group (IOC-ICES/SGONS-I/3) and expressed appreciation for the remarkable achievements thus far. They also recognized the importance of improving comparability and traceability of RMNS and their importance in improving our understanding of global climate change. The Executive Council encouraged the group to continue the development of nutrient standards and inter-comparison experiments. 7.2 OCEAN FERTILIZATION The Assembly at its 25th Session (Paris, 2009) decided to include ocean fertilization as an agenda item for the 43rd Session of the Executive Council, with a view to considering in more depth the future role of IOC in: (i) providing scientific advice and expertise on ocean fertilization; and (ii) the possible involvement of IOC/ABE-LOS in assessing the potential link between UNCLOS and ocean-fertilization issues. The Item was introduced by the IOC Technical Secretary responsible for the Ocean Fertilization activity, MrHenrik Enevoldsen. The United Nations General Assembly, through Resolution 62/215 on "Oceans and the Law of the Sea," (2007), encouraged States to support the further study and enhance understanding of ocean iron fertilization. The Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity have, through decision IX/16 (2008), requested the Parties, and urged non-Party governments, to ensure, in accordance with the precautionary approach, that ocean fertilization does not take place until there is an adequate scientific basis on which to justify such action, including assessing associated risks, and until a global, transparent and effective control and regulatory mechanism is in place for this purpose, with the exception of small-scale scientific research within coastal waters. The International Maritime Organization, (IMO) serves as the Secretariat for the London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (1972), and its 1996 Protocol (LC-LP). The Parties have, through Resolution LC-LP.1 (2008) on the regulation of ocean fertilization decided that, given the present state of knowledge, ocean fertilization activities other than legitimate scientific research should not be allowed. The Parties also agreed to consider, in 2010, a potentially legally binding resolution or amendment to the London Protocol on ocean fertilization, and to develop a framework for assessing the compatibility of ocean fertilization experiments with the LC-LP. By invitation of the Parties to the LC-LP, the IOC is contributing to the process with up-to-date summaries on the state of knowledge of ocean fertilization and its effects including a Scientific Summary for Policy Makers: Ocean Fertilization (IOC/BRO/2010/2) and a more comprehensive review article for scientific publication (in press). These documents were prepared with the assistance of the Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS), an international research programme focused on air-sea interactions and processes, sponsored by the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR), the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and the International Commission on Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Pollution (ICACGP). The drafting of the Summary benefitted from discussions with the secretariat of the IMO and with the 2009 Intersessional Technical Working Group on Ocean Fertilization of the LC-LP. The Scientific Groups of LC-LP will examine the scientific summaries of the CBD and IOC to determine their suitability for the purposes of the LC-LP, identify any gaps and, where appropriate, make recommendations on how these gaps might be filled. The Executive Council welcomed the responsiveness of the IOC Secretariat to requests for scientific or technical information. The Executive Council agreed that the precautionary principle is fundamental to the regulation of ocean fertilization. The Executive Council was divided over if and how the IOC should address issues in relation to legal aspects of ocean fertilisation and deferred the consideration of this until the future of IOC/ABE-LOS has been decided. The Executive Council reasserted that the role of the Commission in ocean fertilization issues is to respond to requests for scientific or technical information and advice from relevant bodies or Member States. DECISION 7.2: The Executive Council requested that the Executive Secretary report on Ocean fertilization related activities at the 26th Session of the IOC Assembly. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Resolution XXV-11 requested the Executive Secretary to take steps to identify new sources of financial support, enhance harmonization of IOC Capacity-development activities, ensure that national and regional priorities drive capacity development, and train local experts to address national priorities. Vice-Chairman MrJulin Reyna Moreno introduced the item. The Vice-Chairman reported on progress in capacity development achieved by IOC programmes at global and regional levels. He pointed out that the restructuring of the secretariat will improve the harmonisation of regional capacity development and coordination of regional subsidiary bodies, though there will be no resources to develop national capacities for national priorities. Loss of this type of capacity-development will affect countries in Africa and Latin America, as developed capacities are best sustained when in line with national priorities and nationally supported. He suggested that augmenting the human and extra budgetary resources was an option. The Executive Council thanked the Vice-Chairman for his presentation. The Executive Council noted the need to find innovative solutions to the shortage of resources. The Executive Council appreciated in particular those capacity-development activities relating to leadership and institutional strengthening since directors of national institutions have an important role in effectively communicating with their decision makers. The Executive Council appreciated the support provided by many Member States, notably Sweden and Italy, for this work. The Executive Council appreciated that finite resources limited the range of actions that IOC could undertake, but considered that a coordinator at headquarters would be an important resource in assisting Member States source extra-budgetary funds. The Executive Secretary informed the Council that as capacity-development is a cross-cutting action, it is the responsibility of every member of the secretariat. She noted that part of the Deputy Executive Secretarys duties include harmonising, coordinating and reporting on capacity-development activities, but called upon Member States for innovative suggestions for addressing the current lack of a full time capacity-development coordinator. 8. MANAGEMENT PROCEDURES AND POLICIES LEADING TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF COASTAL & OCEAN ENVIRONMENT & RESOURCES [HLO 4] 8.1 GLOBAL REPORTING AND ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT The Assembly at its 25th Session (Paris, 2009) instructed the IOC Executive Secretary and Officers to ensure that the Commission continues to play a leading role in the Regular Process. Mr Julian Barbire, Technical Secretary introduced this item by recalling the outcomes of the start-up phase of the Regular Process: the Assessment of Assessments (AoA) launched through UNGA Resolution 60/30 and led by IOC and UNEP from 2005 to 2009. The results of the AoA were transmitted to the meeting of the ad hoc Working Group of the Whole (New York, 31 August to 4 September 2009) that was established by the UN General Assembly to recommend a course of action. Whilst the ad hoc Working Group endorsed the overall objective, scope and principles of the Regular Process, an approach to capacity-building and technology transfer, and a first cycle from 2010 to 2014, they decided that additional time was needed to agree on the modalities for the implementation of the Regular Process, including the key features, institutional arrangements such as the establishment of Secretariat, and financing. In addition, UN/DOALOS was requested to provide support to the Regular Process, in the context of UNGA Resolution 64/71, and with relevant UN Agencies and programmes. Further discussion will take place during a second meeting of the Ad Hoc Working Group (30 August to 3 September 2010, New York). The Executive Council expressed satisfaction with the way the IOC and UNEP Secretariats facilitated the AoA phase of the Regular Process, leading to the publication of the AoA report. The Executive Council recalled the importance of the Regular Process as a mechanism to keep the state of the worlds oceans and seas under continuing review by providing regular assessments at global and supra-regional levels. The Executive Council welcomed the engagement of relevant UN organisations and programmes in the establishment of the Regular Process, through UN-OCEANS, which could serve as mechanism to discuss and develop an inter-agency secretariat for the implementation of the Regular Process. The Republic of Korea offered to support a regional workshop on capacity development and networking as a Regular Process preparatory activity in the WESTPAC region. The Executive Council stressed the importance of advocating for the initiation of the Regular Process in 2010 and of seeking the support of the competent national institutions in the preparations for the discussions of the 2nd Ad Hoc Working Group of the Whole. The Executive Council recommended that IOC programmes on ocean sciences, GOOS, IODE, including ODINs, Capacity Development, and its Regional Subsidiary Bodies, fully participate in activities relating to the establishment and operationalisation of the Regular Process. 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